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1 . Hardware in general, and smartphones in particular, have become a huge environmental and health problem in the Global South’s landfill sites(垃圾填埋场).

Electronic waste (e-waste) currently takes up 5 percent of all global waste, and it is set to increase rapidly as more of us own more than one smartphone, laptop and power bank. They end up in places like Agbogbloshie on the outskirts of Ghana’s capital, Accra. It is the biggest e-waste dump in the world, where 10,000 informal workers walk through tons of abandoned goods as part of an informal recycling process. They risk their health searching for the precious metals that are found in abandoned smartphones.

But Agbogbloshie legally should not exist. The Basel Convention, a 1989 treaty, aims to prevent developed nations from unauthorized dumping of e-waste in less developed countries. The e-waste industry, however, circumvents regulation by exporting e-waste labelled as “secondhand goods” to poor countries like Ghana, knowing full well that it is heading for a landfill site.

A recent report found Agbogbloshie contained some of the most dangerous chemicals. This is not surprising: smart phones contain chemicals like mercury(水银), lead and even arsenic(砷). Reportedly, one egg from a free-range chicken in Agbogbloshie contained a certain chemical which can cause cancer and damage the immune system at a level that’s about 220 times greater than a limit set by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Most worryingly, these poisonous chemicals are free to pollute the broader soil and water system. This should concern us all, since some of Ghana’s top exports are cocoa and nuts.

Some governments have started to take responsibility for their consumers’ waste. For example, Germany has started a project that includes a sustainable recycling system at Agbogbloshie, along with a health clinic for workers. However, governments cannot solve the problem alone, as there is an almost limitless consumer demand for hardware, especially when governments’ green policies are focused on issues like climate change.

Only the manufacturers can fix this. A more economically sustainable and politically possible solution is through encouraging hardware manufacturers to make the repair, reuse and recycling of hardware profitable, or at least cost-neutral.

1. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
A.Electronic waste requires more landfill sites.
B.Electronic waste is too complex to get fully recycled.
C.Electronic products need to be improved immediately.
D.Electronic pollution is a burning question in Agbogbloshie.
2. What does the underlined word “circumvents” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Relaxes.B.Abolishes.C.Avoids.D.Tightens.
3. What should be the biggest concern according to the text?
A.The violation of EFSA’s standards.B.The threat of polluted food worldwide.
C.The lack of diversity in Ghana’s exports.D.The damage to chicken’s immune system.
4. What does the author think is the best solution to the e-waste problem?
A.Letting governments take on the main responsibility.
B.Reducing customers’ demands for electronic products.
C.Governments adjusting their green policies about e-waste.
D.Manufacturers’ developing a sustainable hardware economy.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约710词) | 困难(0.15) |
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2 . "It can't be done." Boyan Slat heard this over and over when he first proposed a way to clean   up millions of tons of plastic polluting our oceans. Almost anyone else would have given up in frustration and despair. But 20﹣year﹣old Slat hasn't: been discouraged but committed to his dream. "Human history is basically a list of things that couldn't be done, and then were done," he says.Today, slat and his team at The Ocean Cleanup are well on their way to proving the critics wrong. Good news for the planet.

(1)_______

Slat, who grew up in the city of Delft in the Netherlands, was on a diving trip in Greece three years ago when he was deeply impressed by plastic, "There were more plastic bags than fish," he says. "That moment I realized it was a huge issue and that environmental issues are really the biggest problems my generation will face."

That fall, Slat, then 17, decided to study plastic pollution as part of a high school project. Soon, Slat learned that no one had yet come up with practical way to clean up this massive garbage patches. Most proposed solutions involved "fishing" up the plastic using ships equipped with nets﹣which, as Slat discovered, would likely take more than 1,000 years, cost too much, let off too much sea life along with the trash.

Slat proposed an alternative that mostly avoided these problems﹣a solar﹣powered system using a floating plastic tube which will go around the garbage and trap it is 600 meters long, A big screen hangs down from it, about three metres into the water. Wind, waves and ocean currents will push the trash toward the tube. (Fish can swim under the screen) A ship will pick up the trash and take it back to the shore to sort and recycle it into oil and other products. Best of all, Slat predicted his system could clean up the North Pacific Garbage Patch between California and Hawaii where a lot of floating garbage exists, within five to 10 years.

(2)________

The following, Slat entered the aerospace engineering program at the Delft University of Technology and officially announced his ocean cleanup concept at TEDx Delft. But nothing much moved forward,

Slat found himself continually absent﹣minded in classes, looking for ways. to improve his concept. "It wouldn't let go. I finally decided to put both university and my social life on hold to focus all my time on developing this idea. I wasn't sure if it would succeed, but considering the scale of problem I thought it was important to at least try." He says.

With this family's blessing, Slat began in earnest organizing a team of volunteers and employees for The Ocean Cleanup, which now numbers about 100.

(3)_______

In answer to opposition, Slat and his team raised $100,000 from a crowdfunding campaign and began testing a 40﹣meter collecting barrier near the Azores Islands last March. In June, they released a 500+ page possibility study.

Over the next three to four years, Slat will push toward a fully operational large﹣scale project by testing a series of longer and longer barriers. He's currently seeking to crowd fund $2 million to finance it. Incidentally, The Ocean Cleanup is also working on a plan to stop plastic from washing into the oceans in the first place. "It's just the other problem that is equally important." Slat says. "It's something everyone is able to help with, and we also have some technologies in the pipeline."

As for school, Slat doesn't miss it ﹣ except maybe for the social﹣part, which he hopes to (恢复) a bit once his team takes on more of the workload. " I don't have time for things like that right now, but I really can't complain. I can imagine doing something more fun than being able to have an idea and then actually making it into a reality." he says.

1. What is the function of the first paragraph?
A.An introduction to the main topic.
B.An overview of the whole article
C.The background information of the story
D.Raising a problem for later solution
2. Which of the following shows the correct order of the three missing subtitles?
a. But is it possible?
b. Drowning in plastic
c. An idea wouldn't die
A.a﹣b﹣c
B.c﹣b﹣a
C.b﹣a﹣c
D.b﹣c﹣a
3. What inspired the boy to study plastic pollution?
A.One of his high school projects.
B.Others' opposition to his proposal.
C.Humans' failure in cleaning up the ocean.
D.The shockingly heavy plastic pollution in ocean.
4. What can we say about Slat's design?
A.It is powerful but only used in California and Hawaii
B.It is huge but causes great damage to sea lives
C.It makes full use of natural forces and is friendly to nature.
D.It was welcomed by all the public and worked very well.
5. Which of the following quotes best displays Slat's strong will and confidence?
A."Human history is basically a list of things that couldn't be done, and then were done."
B."That was the moment I realized it was a huge issue and that environmental issues are really the biggest problems my generation will face."
C."I finally decided to put both university and my social life on hold to focus all my time on developing this idea."
D."It's something everyone is able to help with, and we also have some technologies in the pipeline."
6. What does the author mainly do in this article?
A.Explain a creative idea
B.Introduce a fascinating person.
C.Describe a social phenomenon
D.Praise a point of view
书信写作-其他应用文 | 困难(0.15) |
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3 . 假设你是新华中学的李华,将参加主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛,请撰写 份演讲稿,内容主要包括:
1.目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞等问题;
2.骑自行车的益处,如节能环保、有利健康等。
参考词汇:环保的(environmentally friendly)
注意:1、词数100词左右;
2、演讲稿开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。
Good morning, everyone.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That is all. Thank you!
语法填空-短文语填(约140词) | 困难(0.15) |
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4 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

Rivers are one of our most important natural resources. Many of the world’s great cities are located on rivers and almost every country has at least one river     1     (flow) through it, which plays an important part in the lives of     2     (it) people.

Since the beginning of history, people     3     (use) rivers for transportation. The Yellow River and Changliang River play a large role in China. The Mississippi, the     4     (long) one in the United States ever influenced the American people     5     (great) in history. The lifeline of Egypt is the Nile. Rivers provide fresh water     6     drink, grow crops, make electricity and chances to have fun for those     7     live along their banks.

    8     the cities grow in size and industries increase in number, the river water is severely being polluted. It urges all countries to make     9     (decide) and take immediate action to stop it from     10     (pollute) any more.

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