1 . 请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。

Man did not have to think about the protection of his environment in the past. There were not many people on the Earth, and natural resources seemed to be unlimited.

Today, things are different.     1    地球上有太多的人. We are using up our natural resources too quickly, and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals.     2    If we continue like this, human life on the Earth will not survive.

Everyone realizes today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left.     3    Yet, with modern fishing methods, more and more fish are caught. We know that if people cut down more trees. forests will disappear and nothing will grow on the land.

We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die. However, in most countries, waste products are still put into rivers or into the sea, and there are few laws to stop this.

We know, too, that if the population of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years, there will not be enough food.

    4    我们能做些什么来解决这些问题?

If we eat more vegetables and less meat, we will easily get more food. Land that is used to grow crops can feed five times more people than land where animals are kept.

The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth control.     5    Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, our living place will be better and cleaner in the future.

2 . Hundreds of years ago, life was harder than it is today. People didn't have modern machines.

Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution to all living things in the world.

Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.

Many countries are making rules to fight against pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, and they mustn't let dirty smoke go into the air.

We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and do not throw them on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution.

Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight against pollution.

1. Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because_________

A．there were many problems	B．there were too many people
C．there were wars now and then	D．there were no modern machines.

2. The most serious kind of pollution is________

A．noise pollution

B．water pollution

C．air pollution

D．waste things

3. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The air.

B．The city.

C．The quilt.

D．The smog.

4. To fight against the pollution, we must_________

A．clean water after it is thrown away	B．throw waste things in the dustbin
C．let dirty smoke go into the air	D．encourage more people to drive to work