1 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Green Hills, Clear Water, Blue Sky is a project that was set up     1     the government three years ago. Since it was started, many people have taken part. They think it is their duty     2    (make) the Earth beautiful and     3    (peace). At the same time, they insist that the government should play     4     important role and try     5    (they) best to protect the environment. Some owners of factories are. damaging the environment by     6    (pollute) rivers with chemical waste. So it     7    (believe) that the government should pass laws to punish people     8     damage the environment. Besides, the government should build conservation     9    (center )so that plants     10     animals in danger can be protected.

All in all, people and the government should work side by side to take care of the Earth.

2 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What is the relationship between the speakers?

A．A couple.

B．Colleagues.

C．Classmates.

2. What waste will Alex take care of?

A．Cans.

B．Paper.

C．Plastic bottles.

3. What do the speakers decide to do?

A．Stop using paper cups.

B．Prepare boxes for different wastes.

C．Reduce the use of paper, plastic and cans.

3 . Taking in dirty air does great harm to our health. Air pollution lowers the average life spans by a year worldwide and in more polluted parts of Asia and Africa, dirty air shortens lives up to twice that much. Scientists shared their new findings in Environmental Science & Technology Letters. The study used data gathered in 2016 as part of a project known as the Global Burden of Disease and was the first major country-by-country look at the connection between the length of life and what’s known as fine PM.

Air pollution has been linked to many health problems. Most earlier studies had looked at how tiny air pollutants affected rates of illness or death. Joshua Apte is an environmental scientist at the University of Texas at Austin. By looking at life expectancy (预期寿命), his team had hoped to make the threat easier to understand. PM2.5 is what scientists call tiny particles (颗粒) of pollution in the air. Higher levels of PM2.5 can cause health problems and cut months, if not years, from the average length of life. This analysis shows how pollution affects life expectancy in different parts of the world.

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends limiting PM2.5 to 10 micrograms per cubic meter of air. Apte’s group calculated how holding pollution to this low level would help people. In countries with very dirty air, meeting this standard would lengthen people’s lives. However, in countries whose air already meets this standard, the study shows no gain in life expectancy. In other words, meeting the WHO standard won’t reduce health costs resulting from dirty air because even below 10 micrograms per cubic meter, pollution still causes serious risks. Meanwhile, the scientists compared how other threats including smoking and cancer shorten the length of life across the globe.

1. What is special about the study?

A．It won recognition from a professional journal.

B．It discussed health problems caused by air pollution.

C．It gathered lots of data for the Global Burden of Disease.

D．It analyzed the link between life spans and PM by country.

2. What is Joshua Apte’s team trying to do?

A．Help people better understand air pollution.

B．Study life expectancy in different countries.

C．Know how small air pollutants affect health.

D．Deal with different kinds of health problems.

3. What will happen if a country limits PM2.5 to 10 micrograms per cubic meter of air?

A．People’s life spans will surely increase.

B．It will guarantee people clean air.

C．People’s health may not be much improved.

D．It will be awarded by the WHO.

4. What might be discussed in the following paragraphs?

A．How other threats shorten life expectancy.

B．How cleaning up the air can lengthen lives.

C．How air pollution shortens lives by country.

D．How all the countries deal with severe pollution.

4 . Are Your Clothes Causing Pollution? Very small pieces of plastic, called microfibers, are polluting rivers and oceans.     1     Clothes worn for outdoor activities and exercise are often made of artificial material, which is useful in keeping warm. But they contain very small plastic fibers, which may also be harming the environment when you wash them. When people wash these clothes, very small pieces go down the drain with the wash water.

    2    

Pollution caused by plastic is not new, but recent studies have shown the effect of microfibers in the environment. Studies show very small microfibers are ending up in our waters, which may come from waste water treatment factories. A 2015 study found them in fish from California.

Microfibers, effect on food supplies.

Beyond the waterways, the researchers say microfibers may end up in soil and agricultural lands.       3    This means there is much to be learned about microfibers and the environment. Some studies have shown that microfibers end up inside sea animals, like oysters.       4     Researchers say that the fibers tend not to move into the tissue of the fish, but it needs more study.

Steps to save or keep microfibers from the environment.

Until more information becomes known, there are steps to take to reduce the amount of microfibers in the environment. People should use less of the artificial materials. If we already have those in our lives and we're using them, an important step would be washing them less.       5     A bag is being designed in which to wash these clothes. It traps the microfibers in the bag and it may be available for purchase soon.

A．New technology may also help.

B．Studies on microfibers in the environment.

C．They can also move around the atmosphere.

D．Studies on how much of the microfibers is released.

E．The source of these microfibers may surprise you: your clothes.

F．Washing machines keep microfibers from escaping with wash water.

G．So if these microfibers have been found in fish and seafood, are they safe to eat?

5 . Garbage or trash is a major kind of environmental pollution.Each person produces about 2kg of trash a day.We are making waste products faster than nature can break them down.And we are using up resources（资源）faster than they can be replaced（取代）.

This adds up to trouble for the environment.Where does all that garbage go?What can be done to help dispose of（处理）garbage?How call we make less garbage?

Garbage isn't just the smelly rotting fruits,vegetables or meat that we throw away in our homes.Those are only a small pan of all the stuff we throw away.We create other kinds of waste,in construction,mining and in our factories.

Did you ever wonder what happens to your garbage?Most is burned or buried in landfills（垃圾填埋场）Less than a quarter of our waste is recycled.

With a population of 1.3 billion（十亿）,garbage is a big problem for China.Chinese cities create around 148 million tons of garbage every year.The amount is growing at around 10 percent each year.

Once we used about 3 billion plastic shopping bags every day in China.The result was a great waste of resources and serious pollution.So we did something about that.Now we use more cloth bags and shopping baskets when we shop.

In the coming years China will build waste-to-energy plants in cities to clean up the garbage.But there’s a lot more that needs to be done.And you can play a part.

1. What can be learned from the first paragraph?

A．Garbage is the most serious environmental pollution.

B．Each person produces 20kg of garbage a week.

C．Nature can break the garbage down as soon as we produce it.

D．We may use up our resources before they can be replaced.

2. Which of the following places probably produce the most garbage?

A．homes	B．schools
C．factories	D．banks

3. The underlined word "plant" in the last paragraph means_____.

A．植物	B．种植
C．设备	D．工厂

4. What is the best title for the article?

A．How to deal with garbage in daily life.	B．Let's make the Earth a cleaner place.
C．New resources.	D．Problems in big cities.

5. Who do you think the writer most likely is?

A．An English scientist.	B．A Chinese journalist.
C．A UN governor.	D．An American student.