A new study warns that about thirty percent of the world's people may not have enough water by 2025.
A private American organisation called Population Action International (PAI) did the new study. It says more than three hundred and thirty-five million people lack enough water now. The people live in twentyeight countries. Most of the countries are in Africa or the Middle East.
PAI researcher Robert Engelman says by the year 2025, about three thousand million people are short of water. Eighteen more countries are expected to have serious water problems. The demand for water keeps increasing. Yet the amount of water on the earth stays the same.
Mr Engelman says the population in countries that lack water is growing faster than in other parts of the world. He says population growth in these countries will continue to increase.
The report says lack of water in the future may result in several problems. It may increase health problems. Lack of water often means drinking water is not safe. Mr Engelman says there are problems all over the world because of diseases like cholera that are carried in water.
Lack of water may also lead to more international conflicts. Countries may have to fight for water in the future. Some countries now get sixty percent of their fresh water from other countries. This is true of Egypt, the Netherlands, Cambodia, Syria, Sudan and Iraq. And the report says lack of water would affect the ability to improve their economies. This is because new industries often need large amounts of water when they are beginning.
The Population Action International study gives several solutions to the water problem. One way, it says, is to find ways to use water for more than one purpose. Another way is to teach people to be careful not to waste water. A third way is to use less water of agriculture.
The report also says longterm solutions to the water problem must include controls on population growth. It says countries cannot provide clean water unless they slow population growth by limiting the number of children people have.
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Suzhou,May 2020:According to a government's plan,all major cities in China are expected to start garbage classification this year, and the system should be completed and functioning by the end of 2025.The city of Suzhou has thus acted and related campaigns have been launched and flourishing throughout the neighborhoods.
In a summer camp,one of the events,a group of adolescents visited several waste treatment plants where they gained a better understanding of methods of sorting and recycling organic waste,sewage(生活污水）and sludge(生活污物）。In another event,a team of residents.and a team of students from a local college had a debate on"Should Practice of Garbage Classification Rely More on Law Enforcement or Moral Consciousness'.Many residents watched the debate and acquired a good knowledge of garbage classification in the process.Still another community offered the local administrative staff working on garbage disposal(处置）and environmental protection and staff from the local property management company a chance to visit a community in Wujiang District,Suzhou to learn experience for more efficient garbage classification.
【写作内容】
1.用约30个单词概述上述内容；
2.谈谈垃圾分类的重要性（至少两点）；
3.结合自身实际，谈谈作为学生你如何为保护和改善环境贡献自己的力量。
【写作要求】
1.表明个人观点，同时提供理由或论据；
2.阐述观点或提供论据时，不得直接引用原文中的句子；
3. 文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
4.不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
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Lower Oxygen Levels Threaten Marine Life
Oxygen in the oceans is being lost at an alarming rate, with “dead zones” expanding rapidly and hundreds more areas showing oxygen dangerously exhausted, putting sharks, tuna, marlin and other large fish species at particular risk. Dead zones, where oxygen is effectively absent, have quadrupled(翻两番) in extent in the last half-century, and there are also at least 700 areas where oxygen is at dangerously low levels, up from 45 when research was undertaken in the 1960s.
The reasons behind this environmental collapse are multiple. Among all, pollutants generated by the industrial world have been the most destructive force to cause the unbalance, including a rising tide of plastic waste, as well as other pollutants. Seas are about 26% more acidic than in pre-industrial times because of absorbing the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, with damaging impacts on shellfish in particular.
Low oxygen levels are also associated with global heating, because the warmer water holds less oxygen and the heating causes stratification(分层), so there is less of the vital mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor layers. Oceans are expected to lose about 3-4% of their oxygen by the end of this century, but the impact will be much greater in the levels closest to the surface, where many species are concentrated, and in the mid to high latitudes.
Another major cause for lower oxygen is intensive farming. When excess artificial fertilizer from crops, or wastes from the meat industry, runs off the land and into rivers and seas, it feeds algae(藻类) which bloom and then cause oxygen consumption as they die and decay.
The problem of dead zones has been known about for decades, but little has been done to tackle it. Now is high time to take actions and help the oceans function better.
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请根据你对下面这幅图的理解，写一篇100字左右的英语短文。
请包括以下内容:
1.简要描述图画内容
2.联系实际说说自己的看法和建议
提示:smog 雾霾
As is vividly shown in the picture, a tiny man
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Henderson Island is a tiny, unpopulated（无人居住的）island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean,3,000 miles from major city centers. Though it is half the size of Manhattan, more than 19 tons of plastic waste litter its white, sandy beaches.
Researchers estimate(估计) that it has the highest concentration of waste of any place in the world with a total of over 37 million pieces of trash in all on the small island. For every square meter you walk, on average you’ll find 672 pieces of trash.
Mismanaged waste from land goes into waterways, which feed into larger rivers, which in turn empty into ocean. In this way, plastic from far inland can travel many miles to the coastline, bringing an estimated 9 million tons of plastic every year.
Meanwhile, ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of animals every year. Nearly 700 species have been reported to be affected by it. Species of all sizes, from zooplankton（浮游动物）to whales, now eat microplastics, the bits smaller than one-fifth of an inch across.
[写作内容]
1. 用约30个单词写出上文概要；
2. 用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括：
(1) 造成“塑料垃圾污染海洋”的原因；
(2) 你对如何解决这一问题的建议（
[写作要求]
1. 不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
[评分标准]
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
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With new life coming out in spring. everyone is expecting to enjoy beautiful flowers and fresh air. However, to our disappointment, the sky is always grey, the haze (雾霾) blankets everything…
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