1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Every year in China, a day is set aside to honour, and show respect for, the elders and senior citizens in the entire nation. As China has more than 297 million people     1     (age) 60 and over, according to the latest statistics, this day     2     (grow) in popularity over the years.

In the early 1980s, the Chinese government declared that the Chongyang Festival would be the day on which     3     (celebrate) the lives of China’s elder citizens. Of course, showing respect and admiration to     4     old is a Chinese tradition dating back to ancient times,     5     therefore the people easily and readily support this day. On this day, the government and local communities hold various activities for the elders,     6     free hair-cuts, cultural performances and health-care consultations.

However, respect for the elders should be kept in mind firmly and showing     7     (we) for them is not restricted to one special day only. According to historical records, elders over 70 years old enjoyed special treatment and anyone not showing respect to them would be punished, which     8     (prove) that respecting the elders was set in law back then.

Apparently, respect for the elders is the     9     (found) of the Chinese moral system. Today, throughout China, we find many examples of young people     10     (carry) on this tradition of respect.

2 . Making employees feel happy and healthy at work is good for many businesses. But it isn’t always an easy thing. A research suggests that just 33% of the U. S. employees consider themselves fully engaged (投身于) at work, while 16% are actively disengaged, and 51% are just showing up.

But there is an exception. When it comes to employee engagement, it seems that employees in small companies are doing better. According to the same research, the largest U. S. companies have the lowest levels of engagement, while companies with fewer than 25 employees have the highest. And in one recent report, 75 percent of small business workers surveyed said they were “very” or “extremely” satisfied with their role as a small company employee.

Unlike big companies, small companies are often short of resources but the employees can get more surprises there. Small companies offer excellent career opportunities to their employees. The bosses often know their staff very well and understand their personal needs. Employees of small companies are more likely to receive free meals, paid leave, and they can even bring their pets to work.

But of course, there’re many other draws in small businesses. One of the top draws is flexible scheduling (弹性工时). Another is being able to really see the fruits of one’s labor. Besides, noncash award is also a big draw. This could be something small that reflects employees’ interests and lifestyles.

While a parental leave might lead to some financial problems, small companies may do something to improve it. “It may be impossible for a five person team to be reduced to four for six months,” writes Camilla Velasquez, head of HR management platform Just works. “But it could be possible to allow new parents to take on reduced hours in a work from home environment.” This kind of method has been realized in some small companies.

1. What can we infer from Paragraph 2? ______

A．Employees can develop better in small companies.

B．Employees can earn more money in small companies.

C．Employees in big companies are hard to be satisfied.

D．Employees in small companies are more engaged at work.

2. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? ______

A．The benefits of working for small companies.

B．The differences between small and big companies.

C．What challenges staff in small companies may face.

D．Why small companies are short of resources.

3. What does the underlined word “draws” in Paragraph 4 mean? ______

A．Choices.

B．Attractions.

C．Difficulties.

D．Competitions.

4. What can be most probably inferred from the passage? ______

A．Small companies may have more employees with much happiness.

B．Big companies should learn from some small companies.

C．Employees should have their own hobbies and lifestyles.

D．Employers should pay more attention to the staff’s needs.

6 . “I’ll be there in a few minutes. I’m playing a game with a friend, a guy named Snoopy,” my 15-year-old son shouted from his room. “Oh, what is Snoopy’s real name?” I asked. “I have no idea,” he said. “Where is he from?” I continued. He responded, “I think somewhere in Canada. Oh, wait, it doesn’t even matter because Snoopy just left the game and he has been replaced with a robot.” “Your friend is replaced by a robot?” “It doesn’t matter, Dad. It happens all the time! The game continues.” My son doesn’t mind playing with a person or a robot, which is typical of gamers these days. I wonder whether the face-to-face experience of friendship that I grew up with will be lost by our ohildren.

Aristotle, the great Greek thinker and educator. has pointed out that shallow friendship is easily formed but also easily quit because such bonds are weak and uncerturn. Deep friendship, by contrast, is when you care for your friend for his sake, not for any benefit you can get. This is selfless friendship. You can have only a couple of these friends because they require lots of time and effort. You must make sacrifices (牺牲) for each other.

Presence in friendship requires “being with” and “doing for”. Perhaps the most typical feature of deep friendship is “doing for”, as my friend has my back in trouble or brings me soup when I’m sick. Only strong bonds have the power to motivate real sacrifices. But it is unclear why online “friends” would bother to do the hard work of friendship. When I asked my students whether they had people in their lives who would bring them soup when they were sick, they laughed at my Stone Age question and said they’d just order soup online.

Digital life fills and absorbs waking life time so that people do not join in example cases of friendship, like sports, collective arts, free range childhoods, etc. In this way, digital life may produce false friendships.

1. How does the author lead in the topic of the text?

A．By presenting a dialogue.	B．By bringing in a robot friend.
C．By telling an interesting joke.	D．By introducing an online game.

2. What can we know from the text?

A．False friendships are sure to arise in digital life.

B．Real care and commitment strengthen real friendship.

C．Strong connections can be formed easily in Internet age.

D．Teenagers today can turn to online friends in tough times.

3. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Youth Friendship in Digital Background

B．Deep Friendship and Stliless Friendship C

C．Face-to-face Experience of Friendship

D．Benefits from Online Friendship

8 . To improve road safety and raise awareness among Russia’s notoriously (臭名昭著地) careless drivers, Russian police have tried to get drivers to slow down at zebra (斑马) crossings by having painted horses as zebras walk across on the busiest streets in some of the big cities.

The light grey horses, painted with black stripes (条纹), carried signs on their backs reading: “Careful, children are on their way to school.” The police sent the “zebras” to several different locations in the Russian capital, where officials in orange vests walked them over zebra crossings and handed out leaflets (传单) to passing drivers.

Some held up rainbow-coloured umbrellas over the painted animals to protect them from the rain. Russian roads are notoriously dangerous and drivers still rarely take steps to avoid pedestrians (行人). Nearly half of all traffic accidents in the country’s big cities are caused by cars hitting pedestrians, and a third of those occur on crossings, according to traffic police figures published last month.

In the first six months of this year, 378 people were killed and more than 6, 600 injured on pedestrian crossings in Russia, according to police. In Moscow alone, 43 people were killed, including two children.

Though police officials said that only safe paint would be used on the animals, animal rights activists still disagreed with the idea, accusing the police of “treating animals like garbage”.

“Children understand that paints are bad for animals,” the Interfax news agency quoted president of Vita animal rights group Irina Novozhilova as saying.

Let’s hope this part of the campaign is over and animals are left out of future attempts to raise pedestrians’ awareness.

1. Why do Moscow police have “zebras” walk across on the busiest streets?

A．To make a call on protecting animals.

B．To raise drivers’ awareness of road safety.

C．To tell people it is dangerous to cross streets.

D．To remind people zebras are in danger of extinction.

2. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．The zebras.

B．The policemen.

C．The horses.

D．The drivers.

3. What do animal rights activists think of the new attempt?

A．Drivers must slow down at pedestrian crossings.

B．Road safety should be improved.

C．The paints used on the horses are safe.

D．These animals are ill-treated by the police.

4. Which word can best describe the author’s attitude towards the campaign?

A．Critical.

B．Confident.

C．Doubtful.

D．Positive.

9 . In Denmark, bicycling is one of the primary forms of transportation. In sunshine, rain and snow, you will see cyclists on their way to work, to the grocery store, or to social events. The bike is a Dane’s best friend.

Danish cycling culture is as old as the bicycle itself. Bikes were first introduced to the country in the 1880s, and during the 1920s and 1930s, the bicycle became a widespread symbol of equality and freedom. People of all social classes began biking side by side — in the cities on their way to work and in the countryside on their days off.

The increased economy development of the late 1950s saw some Danes replacing bikes with motorcycles and automobiles. Just like their colleagues around the world, Danish urban planners believed the future belonged to cars, trucks, and ever-wider highways. In the early 1970s, however, the Mideast oil crisis terminated that development. “Car Free Sundays” were introduced in Copenhagen, and movements demanding Copenhagen to become car-free took place. Over time, concerns about air pollution, climate change, and the need for people to get enough exercise have helped bicycles make a big comeback. Denmark’s heavy taxes on petrol and automobiles are a factor, too.

Today, cycling is an inseparable part of Danish culture. Newcomers who do not know how to cycle are encouraged to learn as soon as they arrive. Danish children usually learn to bike before they begin school at the age of six — and often much earlier. In school, children learn about traffic rules, road safety, and the importance of wearing a helmet as well as good cycling habits. Another choice for families with children is the cargo bike — a sort of oversized tricycle with a large wooden box on the front. It’s estimated that a quarter of all Copenhagen families with two or more children own one of these cargo bikes for transporting kids, groceries, and other necessities. Danish cargo bikes have also won design awards and become a Danish export success.

Commuting by bike is the fastest, easiest and most environmentally friendly way to get around the cities of Denmark. And the numbers speak for themselves: Residents who cycle in Copenhagen request 1.1 million fewer sick days. Cyclists reduce CO2 emissions by 20,000 tonnes a year on average.

1. What led to the popularity of bicycles in Denmark during the 1920s and 1930s?

A．The convenience of the bike.	B．The development of the economy.
C．The idea that the bike symbolizes.	D．The construction of wide highways.

2. What does the underlined word “terminated” mean in the 3^rd paragraph?

A．Improved.

B．Permitted.

C．Ended.

D．restarted.

3. What do we know about cargo bikes from the 4^th paragraph?

A．They are owned by about 25% families.

B．They are designed for practical use.

C．They are the national symbol of Denmark.

D．They are unpopular among local residents.

4. Why does the author mention the data in the last paragraph?

A．To prove the effectiveness of cycling.

B．To compare cycling with driving.

C．To show the popularity of cycling.

D．To conclude the financial benefits of cycling.

10 . The Tianjin Binhai Public Library was described by The Daily Mail as “the world’s ultimate library” in 2017, and “breathtaking” was the word chosen for it. One book at the library and you’ll see why. With its futuristic design and walls loaded with books, it’s the dream library of every book lover.

But as the awe continues, there’s a burning question lying in the back of our minds: When physical bookstores are closing down one by one, what makes libraries immune from digitalization? And do we still need libraries as we’ve got the Internet in our hands?

Reporter Ian Clark has the answer. “Libraries are not declining in importance - people are simply changing the way they use them,” he wrote. What Clark means is that libraries have shifted from simply being storehouses of books to a medium to help “bridge the gap between the haves and the have-nots”. According to him, Libraries Are Essential. Since not everyone can afford a smart phone, a tablet or an Internet connection, and not everyone has the know-how to search the internet efficiently, it’s public libraries that make sure that these resources and technologies are available to a larger group of people. And one of the pitfalls that come with online materials is that they’re not always trustworthy. “Google doesn’t tell you what you’re not getting, so people need to evaluate the quality and completeness of what they see on their screens, ” Sarah Pritchard, dean of libraries at Northwestern University, told Northwestern Research Magazine. And libraries are usually where that “evaluation” happens.

But all of these practical functions aside, we still need the physical space that a library provides. It’s something that's called a “third place”, according to the Seattle Times. This is a place in which we can fully concentrate on our study and work without easily getting distracted. And compared to other “third places” like coffee shops, libraries have a “non-commercial nature” that allows you to relax completely. “Nobody is trying to sell you anything in the library. There is no pressure to buy and there is no judgment of your choices,” Anne Goulding, a professor at Victoria University in New Zealand, said. “There are few other spaces that you can just ‘be’ without somebody questioning your presence or your motivation.”

1. The attraction of the Tianjin Binhai Public Library lies in _______.

A．world's ultimate library	B．design and book walls
C．every book lover's dream	D．reports on The Daily Mail

2. The underlined word “pitfalls” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _______.

A．problems

B．functions

C．mistakes

D．trends

3. What would Ian Clark probably agree with?

A．Libraries have changed the way people read.

B．Libraries are as important as they used to be.

C．Libraries are better used by the poor than the rich.

D．Libraries are made more available to more people.

4. What advantages do libraries have over coffee shops according to Anne Goulding?

A．Libraries make people less likely to get distracted.

B．Libraries give people more motivation and inspiration.

C．Libraries provide people with a wider range of choices.

D．Libraries allow people to read without fear of being judged.

5. Where can you probably find the above passage?

A．In a news report.	B．In an introductory speech.
C．In a science magazine.	D．In a fashion brochure.