1 . With the development of society, the choice of food and drinks for children is more diversified than ever before. However, every coin has two sides. Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse, according to the statistics. I feel there are a number of reasons for this.
Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy, fatty foods, such as fried chicken and ice cream, at low prices. This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves. If there were fewer of these restaurants then probably children would buy less take-away food.
There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight. I agree to this, because good eating habits begin early in life, long before children start to visit fast food shops. If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food, or are always allowed to choose what they eat, they will go for sweet and salty foods every time,and this will carry on throughout their lives.
There is a third reason for this situation. Children these days take very little exercise. They do not walk to school. When they get home, they sit in front of the television or their computers. Not only is this an unhealthy pastime, it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food. What they need is to go outside and play active games or sports.
The above are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active as well as guiding them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.
1. What is the downside about the diversified choices of food and drinks for children?| A．Children don't know how to choose from the food and drinks. |
| B．Children don't have so many coins for food and drinks. |
| C．Children are becoming more and more overweight. |
| D．Children are getting worse because of many food and drinks. |
| A．Some people blame that shops are surrounded by unhealthy food. |
| B．Shops selling cheap but unhealthy foods can be found everywhere. |
| C．Grown-ups are a generation who can't cook for themselves. |
| D．There are fewer restaurants that sell children take-away food. |
| A．Because parents allow their children to visit fast food shops. |
| B．Because parents allow their children to go for sweets. |
| C．Because parents allow their children to carry on eating habits throughout their lives. |
| D．Because parents allow their children to develop bad eating habits from early on. |
| A．Children should be encouraged to take exercise and eat less. |
| B．Children should be guided to stay away from food shops. |
| C．Children should be encouraged to be more active. |
| D．Children should be guided to go and eat outside |
2 . Successful people have a few common characteristics that make them great. Now look at the following common traits exhibited by successful people that I have observed across various fields including sports, business and arts.
Self-disciplineI put this at the top of the list simply because without self-discipline nothing is possible. Self-discipline is a quality that can be developed by having a clear idea on what we want and then ensuring the desire to succeed is greater than the consequences of not doing it. If we want to exercise 5 times a week, then we can imagine the enormous benefits of exercise and visualise that while trying to keep the end goal in mind.
Angela Lee Duckworth says that grit is the single quality that guarantees success, based on her groundbreaking studies. There are going to be setbacks, like we may not get the promotion we wanted, but having patience and perseverance never goes out of fashion. Talent will not take the place of persistence and resilience.
One of the best kept secrets of the highly successful is the ability to keep learning something new every day in their field or related fields. The hallmark of learning is curiosity. Peter Drucker, the father of modern management, is an excellent example of someone who kept learning till the end of his life.
| A．You can be down but never out. |
| B．I have noticed that a lot of successful people take care of themselves better. |
| C．If we want to achieve all the things we want, then self-discipline is the best place to start and we have 100% control on this. |
| D．He was always learing something new. |
| E．When you have high self-esteem, you generally feel more positive about life and do better at work. |
| F．Passion is the fuel behind the success engine. |
3 . Empathy
Last year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years.
Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation, Turn on the TV, and you’re showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect, Humans learn by example — and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic.
There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples, Humans are socially related by nature.
Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers.
What’s the best way to up your EQ? For starters, let down your guard and really listen to others.
| A．Everyone is different, and levels of empathy differ from person to person. |
| B．Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human — and having empathy is decisive to those relationships. |
| C．“One doesn’t develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,” Freed says. |
| D．Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else — both what they think and how they feel. |
| E．Good social skills — including empathy — are a kind of "emotional intelligence" that will help you succeed in many areas of life. |
| F．That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the researchers said. |
目前，很多家长在短视频（short video）上秀自己未成年孩子的日常生活，点击量轻松过百万。请就秀娃短视频走红现象，谈谈家长这种行为是否妥当，并说明理由。
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A Wise Way to Make Families Rules
All groups, of whatever size or nature, need standard operating procedures. Without them, groups may very well fall into confusion, chaos and conflict. The functions that rules can serve are indispensable. When it comes to parenting, making rules can make a big difference in our family as well. Actually, the issue is not whether our families need rules. We do need them. The real issue is how to motivate all family members to comply with (遵守) them.
At some time in our lives we all have felt unmotivated to comply with some rule or policy that we had no voice in making. Denied the opportunity to participate in establishing a rule, most people feel imposed upon and resentful of the new rule. But when people actively participate in setting a rule or making a decision that will affect them, they are more highly motivated to comply with it. We call this the Principle of Participation, and it has proven its effectiveness in families as well.
When children are given the opportunity to participate in setting rules or making decisions that will affect them, several good things happen. Children feel better about themselves — having more self-esteem (自尊心) and self-confidence. Such a good effect is due to their feeling that they have gained more “fate control” over their own lives. They also feel they are equal members of the family with an equal voice in making decisions and establishing rules — they’re part of a team, not second-class citizens. This means that families that function collaboratively and democratically will have closer and warmer relationships than those in which the adults act as bosses or authorities expecting the children to obey the rules made for them.
Another important reason for encouraging the full participation of family members in decision making is that it often produces higher-quality solutions to problems. Two heads (or three, or four) are better than one. Shared decisions will be based not only on the knowledge and experience of the adults but also on those of the children. The admonition (告诫) that father knows best should be challenged now.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6 . Camera flashes cut across the softly lighted downtown Los Angeles restaurant, as the crowd at Ludo Bites jostles (推挤) for the photo-of the Columbian River king salmon duck. “This is the game we all now play, ” chef and owner Ludo Lefebvre said. “We cook, we smile-and the people, they don’t eat. They get their cameras.”
Not so long ago, diners, hungry for special meals, would pull out a point-and-shoot at a restaurant for a quick picture of sliced birthday cake.
No more. Taking a cue from Twitter and Facebook cultures, serious foodies (美食家) and casual consumers alike are using digital technology to document each bite, then sharing the pictures online.
Flickr, the photo-sharing website, has seen the number of pictures tagged as “food” jump from about half a million in 2008 to more than 6 million today, according to company officials. In the group “I Ate This” on Flickr’s site, nearly 20,000 people have uploaded more than 307,000 images of their latest meals.
Camera manufacturers are joining the trend, selling cameras that offer “food” settings, which adjust to enhance colors and textures (质地) on close-ups.
“I am sharing my experiences with my friends,” said Hong Pham, 33, a Los Angeles radiologist who runs the food blog Ravenous Couple. “Why shouldn’t I share what inspires me?”
But what is documentary fun for people such as Pham is souring the gastronomic (烹饪的) set.
Managers regularly face diners demanding to be moved away from camera flashes and sounds. Waiters find themselves tongue-tied as customers take out voice recorders to capture a recitation of each course. Some chefs have had enough.
Chef Grant Achatz allows only no-flash photography in his restaurant. He, like many other chefs, finds himself torn between being flattered by the public’s enthusiasm and annoyed with the effect the picture-taking is having on the restaurant’s operation.
Some consumers now believe food should be consumed visually as well as physically. “What happened to the enjoyment of just eating the food?” said Andrew Knowlton, the restaurant editor for Bon Appetite magazine. “People are losing sight of why you go out.”
1. Who is the most supportive of taking pictures of food in restaurants?| A．Grant Achatz. | B．Andrew Knowlton. |
| C．Hong Pham. | D．Ludo Lefebvre. |
| A．delicately-made dishes are visually inviting |
| B．they will share with others their dining experience |
| C．cameras can be specially set for food photography |
| D．they can profit by selling pictures to famous websites |
| A．More pictures will be uploaded at websites like Twitter and Facebook. |
| B．Consumers used to take pictures in restaurants only for their birthdays. |
| C．Rules should be set out that there is no food photography in restaurants. |
| D．Chefs are likely to accept picture-taking in their restaurants to a limited extent. |
| A．news story | B．feature article |
| C．commercial advertisement | D．survey report |
| A．The call to prayer happens too frequent and should be reduced. |
| B．The loudspeakers announcing prayer time damage people’s life. |
| C．The first call to prayer is too early and should be after sunrise. |
| D．Arabs make too much noise during the prayer time in mosques(清真寺). |
| A．He thinks Israel is a country of Judaism(犹太教). |
| B．He is a racist and his aim is ti reduce Arab population. |
| C．He intends to create an atmosphere of freedom and equality. |
| D．He believes the country should protect citizens from the noise. |
| A．The bill destroys the harmony between Jews and Arabs. |
| B．The bill doesn’t respect the right of the Arabs. |
| C．The bill shows the hatred against the Arabs. |
| D．The loudspeaker hurts all of the society. |
8 . Our carbon footprint is the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) given off as we go about our daily lives. While the global average carbon footprint is about 4 tons per person each year, Americans contribute approximately 20 tons of greenhouse gas per person each year. Compared to other countries, even those who use the least amount of energy in the US still contribute double the carbon emissions than the global average per person. And, not surprisingly, a person’s carbon footprint increases in size as his or her income increases.
How is it possible that people in the US who live simple lifestyles, e.g., children or the homeless, make such large contributions to greenhouse gas emissions? The answer is simple: Each US citizen has access to various basic government services such as firefighting and police departments, road and bridge repair, libraries, jails and prisons, the military, etc. When these public services are divided equally among the entire US population, it significantly raises the carbon footprint per person. In fact, according to a study conducted by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the lowest carbon footprint that can be calculated for a person living in the US is 8.5 tons. And shockingly, this carbon footprint corresponds to a homeless person who sleeps in public shelters and eats in soup kitchens.
While it is admirable to make changes in lifestyle to reduce a carbon footprint, in reality, it is very difficult to do. The MIT study revealed that a “rebound effect” occurred when someone made an effort to reduce his or her carbon footprint. Take the example of a person who made the deliberate choice to buy a hybrid car instead of a large SUV to save money on gas costs. Very often that person would use the money he or she saved to do something else, e.g., take a long airplane trip. In this case, just one long airplane trip produces more CO2 emissions than driving the large SUV for a year. This ends up having a negative impact on a person’s carbon footprint by making it bigger!
Can Americans reduce their carbon footprints? According to the study, it is possible, but it would require lifestyle changes such as giving up long-distance travel and buying fewer smartphones, tablets, and MP3 players that have large energy costs to produce and deliver. Another way to lower the average Americans US carbon footprint is to add a CO2 tax on food, housing, and transportation, and most Americans don’t want their taxes raised. Unless we can find a way to reduce our carbon footprints, the price we may ultimately have to pay is much higher than the amount Americans will ever have to pay in taxes.
1. The first two paragraphs are intended to____.| A．show why people in the US should live simple lifestyles |
| B．argue against the world’s misinterpretation of US lifestyles |
| C．reveal how big the carbon footprints of people in the US are |
| D．stress the impact of carbon footprints on American peoples life |
| A．Mary ate a large meal after she had been on diet for a week |
| B．Tom bought a hybrid car because it saved him a lot of money |
| C．Susan gave up long airplane trips to do her bit for the environment. |
| D．David had a good knowledge of what harm CO2 emissions would do. |
| A．Investment in basic government services should be reduced. |
| B．A homeless person’s carbon footprint is not easy to calculate. |
| C．The less a person spends, the more environmentally friendly he is. |
| D．A CO2 tax has already been added on food, housing and transportation. |
| A．How Can We Change Our Lifestyles? |
| B．Can We Make Our Footprints Smaller? |
| C．Why Are Our Carbon Footprints Important? |
| D．What Makes Contributions to Green house Gas Emissions? |
9 . GuiltyPleasures? No Such Thing
We know them when we see them: The TV shows and movies we love, even though we just know they’re bad. The trashy books we simply can’t
Yes, these are our guilty pleasures — what some people consider the
Taking a mental break and enjoying something that doesn’t require intense intellectual
If that’s true, then why do guilty pleasures get such a bad
One important value of a guilty pleasure is the
Still, it’s best to follow the age-old advice our parents taught us: Everything in moderation. Though guilt can enhance pleasure in some cases, it can also push us to indulge in
| A．turn down | B．take in | C．tear apart | D．put down |
| A．junk | B．sugary | C．spiritual | D．transformative |
| A．relaxed | B．guilty | C．helpless | D．alert |
| A．mass | B．moderation | C．minimum | D．depression |
| A．focus | B．superiority | C．quality | D．development |
| A．struggle | B．charge | C．engage | D．persevere |
| A．breakup | B．principle | C．condition | D．reputation |
| A．consciousness | B．obligation | C．attitudes | D．requirements |
| A．switch | B．receive | C．claim | D．decrease |
| A．remove | B．discourage | C．distinguish | D．prevent |
| A．conflict | B．difference | C．exchange | D．bond |
| A．established | B．underestimated | C．found | D．strengthened |
| A．In addition | B．On the contrary | C．All in all | D．Therefore |
| A．enthusiastically | B．casually | C．openly | D．politely |
| A．theories | B．behaviors | C．problems | D．relationships |
当今社会，我们周围充斥着各种短视频（short video），如辅助学习类，休闲娱乐类，生活技能类等等。短视频已成为高中生获取信息的渠道之一，有些学生认为其大有益处，如获取信息高效便捷，但有些学生认为会带来很多弊端，因为高中生容易沉迷其中。对此请谈谈你的看法，并阐述理由。
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