1 . Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless methods of production and ________ of consumer demands for environment friendly products have ________ the pollution problem. One ________ is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastic, and metal containers are produced, and these are difficult to get rid of.

________, today, more and more consumers are choosing “green” and demanding that the products they buy should be safe for the environment. ________ they buy a product, they ask questions like these: “Will this shampoo damage the environment?” “Can this metal container be ________ or can it only be used once?”

A recent study showed that two ________ five adults now consider the environmental safety of a product before they buy it. This means that companies must now change the ________ they make and sell their products to make sure that they are “green,” that is, friendly to the environment.

Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but now there are hundreds. Some supermarket products ________ labels to show that the product is green. Some companies emphasize that their products are clean and safe in their advertising and have made it their main selling ________.

The ________ for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink ________ they do business. No longer will the public accept the old ________ of “Buy it, use it, throw it away and forget it.” The public ________ is still here, and companies are ________ their act gradually.

3 . Which comes first, happiness or money? Are richer people happier ? And _________, how do people get richer? A recent study could tell you the answer.

The study_________ thousands of teenagers and found that those who felt better about life as young adults_________ to have higher incomes(收入) by the time they _________ 29. Those who were happiest earned an average of $8,000 more than those who were the most_________.

The researchers(研究者), from University College London and the University of Warwick, say that very   depressed(沮丧的) teens, no matter how tall or smart they were, earned 10% less than their peers(同龄人), _________ the happier ones earned _________ 30% more.

Happier teenagers have an easier time _________ school, college and the job interview, _________ because they always feel better about life. It may also be true that happier people find it easier to make friends, who are often the key to homework help or networking.

A report in June suggested that professional(职业的) respect(尊重) was more important than __________ in terms of workplace happiness. In August scientists announced(宣布) that they had found the __________ for happiness in women. Alas! The same gene(基因) doesn’t appear to have __________ effect on men. And in October researchers in the UK and in the US announced that people who eat seven portions(份) of fruit and vegetables a day report being the happiest.

If it is really true that happier kids __________ being wealthier (更富有) kids, is it necessary for parents to get their kids to do the homework? The fact is that no homework will make kids happy but surely hurt their grades(分数). Studies do show, __________, that more education __________ better-paid jobs, which may give us a deep thought.

4 . Have you seen people who take pictures of food for more than 10 minutes before eating? My friend Stella is such an example. Every time we went to a restaurant she would not take a bite until all the dishes we ________ were on the table. Then she would spend five minutes in ________ the dishes in a seemingly random but in fact ________ order. Then the most important part: taking pictures. After that, she would choose one of the ________ and click in the filter app. The food eventually looked 10 times more delicious than it really was, but we had no ________ to really enjoy it—it all went cold, actually Stella’s real life is much less elegant. For example, she hates to wash the dishes, so she leaves them in the sink for days.

Many people care too much about others’ opinions and try too hard to ________ others. They find it hard to be ________ and to accept themselves, and thus they are afraid to show their ________ life on social media. What they are trying to prove is ________ what they lack in reality. But this will not bring any ________ to reality, as they still ________ the same old pattern of life.

If they really want an elegant life, they should put more ________ into achieving it ________ fabricating it. Being more confident, ________ themselves and trying their best to be better are much more meaningful than ________ their life on social media.

5 . When my daughter was very young, she broke my favorite cup. She was moving it aside, and it slipped from her hand and broke on the floor. I loved that cup and was really_________, but of course I didn’t_________her. It was an accident. She didn't mean to drop it. Intentions matter. Or do they?

I can’t help but feel that our modern world doesn’t care for intentions. We are all so ready to find_________with another person and so concerned with our own_________that we don't consider the intentions of others.

There are endless opportunities to be_________these days in the celebrity news cycle, in politics and in our own interpersonal interactions. Every single day, someone is_________on social media for something they have said or done.

A friend of mine says, “It’s not how the message is intended; it’s how it’s received.” He means that we need to be careful when considering our words because they can_________be misinterpreted by the person we are_________.

We all at times express ourselves_________, make errors of__________or have a moment of carelessness when we say the wrong thing. All of us have__________someone at some point in our lives. The Internet is full of people seeking to make things worse. But there are also many decent people who occasionally get things__________or simply do not know better.

I get that there is much to be angry about. The world is full of__________. The actions and words of other people can cause harm; __________, the actions and words of other people matter.

But intention has to matter, too, for us to make sense of the world, and for us to effect change. Understanding intentions can help us to feel better about our fellow humans. When we appreciate intent(意图), it can help to lessen the__________of their message.

7 . Eradajere Oleata thinks she may have a partial solution called the Chip Bag Project for two of her country’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty. The 26-year-old student from Detroit is asking a(n) ______ of local snack lovers: ______ throw your empty chip bags into the trash, ______ them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.

Chip eaters ______ their empty bags at a print shop and a clothing store — two ______ where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them. After they are ______, it takes about four hours to sew a sleeping bag, each taking around 150 to 300 chip bags, ______ whether they’re single-serve or family size.

Since 2020, the Chip Bag Project has ______ over 800,000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags.

Sure, it would be simpler to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half the ______ for Oleata and her fellow volunteers. “We are ______ to making an impact not only socially, but ______.” she says.

Of course, repurposing these bags is meaningful. ______ they would have ended in the trash. It’s a(n) ______ reminder that environmental injustice (不公平) and ______ often go hand in hand. As Oleata told hourdetroit.com: “I think it’s time to show ______ between all of these issues.”

8 . Concerns about the harm caused by “too much” screen time—particularly when it is spent on social media—are widespread. But working out what a “healthy” ___ might be is far from easy.

Some negative experiences on social media—like ____ how your appearance compares to others—do affect some children. However, this does not mean that technology use in ____ is harmful and it is difficult to make claims about how it will affect different people.

Consider the picture painted by a UNICEF review of existing research into the effects of digital technology on children’s ____ comfort, including happiness, mental health and social life. Rather than stating that social media was harmful, it suggested a more ____ effect.

The UNICEF report highlighted a 2017 study that examined 120,000 UK 15-year-olds. Among those teenagers who were the lightest users, it was found that increasing the time spent using technology was linked to ____ comfort—possibly because it was important for keeping up friendships. ____, among the heaviest users of technology, any increase in time was linked to lower levels of comfort. Overall, the UNICEF study suggested that some screen time could be good for children’s mental health.

A broader look at evidence provided by some other high quality studies again suggests the story is not ____. An early study in 2013 looked at how the television and video game habits of 11,000 UK five-year-olds affected them two years later. It is one of few studies actually ____ the effects of technology over time. It suggested that, compared with children who watched one hour of television or less on a weekday, a small increase in conduct problems was seen among those who watched more than three hours each day. Playing electronic games, however, was not seen as leading to a greater ____ of friendship or emotional problems.

So how much time should our children spend looking at screens? It is difficult to be ____ as different people spend time online in such different ways. A useful comparison might be with sugar. Broadly speaking, people ____ that too much sugar can be bad for your health. But the effect it might have can depend on many factors, from the type of sugar to the person and the amount. We would not ____ trust anyone who claims to predict how someone is affected by consuming one gram of sugar. The same could be said for ____ usage: the outcomes depend on so many factors that only very ___ predictions are possible.

10 . Do video games have a negative effect on our children? Today, our children spend more and more time online.

For many people, video games are fun and _________. They have funny cartoons and exciting stories. Everywhere you look, you can see children playing these games. They play on buses and trains, in restaurants and _________ at school. Video games also make you think in a creative way and use your _________. This can improve the way that a child’s brain works. Besides, video games are also a good way to teach children about _________. They can learn about computers and how they work.

However, a recent study suggests that video games can be _________ for children. Firstly, children can download many online games for free. They don’t need money, so they don’t need to _________ their parents. This _________ that their parents often don’t know what they are _________. Children could be playing games that are violent or scary. Furthermore, many children spend too much time playing games on the computer. This can lead to _________ problems—children who spend too much time on the computer can become overweight. However, if children spend too long on the computer __________ doing their homework, they can have problems at school and they can get bad grades. Video games can also __________ children’s social skills. Playing and working with friends is very __________ for children. It teaches them how to talk to other people. __________ children spend too much time playing by themselves online, they don’t learn how to play with their friends.

In conclusion, it seems clear that video games have some advantages and some disadvantages. On the one hand, they are fun and have many educational __________ for children. On the other hand, they can _________ problems with children’s health and social skills.