1 . Here is a story about a young boy in New York. He once went to one of Dr. Jane Goodall’s talks and learned about the _______ expressions of chimpanzees.

When he saw a picture of a chimpanzee on a box of _______and it looked like the chimpanzee was grinning (咧嘴笑), the boy _______ from what he’d learned at Dr. Goodall’s talk that the chimpanzee’s look was actually one of _______.

The boy _______ to the cookie-maker asking to take the chimpanzee’s picture off the box. _______ receiving a letter back from the company, he saw the picture of the chimpanzee _______from the box within just a few months.

“I took _______,” the boy now says. “And the company changed.”   _______ it happened that the picture changed, the boy and his family   ________it was his doing.

As the story shows, young students have much more ________ to accomplish change than what   ________may believe. Moreover, students often achieve much more than they ever   ________ they will.

The story also ________us that small actions can have a big impact. We often tend to think about   ________ events like Clean and Green Week. Instead, a lot of small changes can make a(an)   ________. If hundreds or thousands of students   ________ their families to turn off the tap to save water, move the air-conditioning temperature up a degree or two, drive less and make other environmentally friendly changes, the ________ family may change its behaviors.       

With these small yet highly   ________ changes, students have an effect beyond just their own actions. Students can   ________ by realizing that their own actions have more power than they may expect, and environmentalists can benefit as well by taking the time to focus on even the youngest students.

2 . After a two-hour flight from Shanghai and an hour’s drive, I reached my destination: Jielingkou Village in Qinhuangdao City of Hebei Province, China. The tiny and ________ village is home to Shanhai Pass, where the Great Wall finally dives into the sea. During the Ming Dynasty (1368~1644), Jielingkou Village was considered an extremely important part of the Great Wall. But it slowly fell out of ________ and into disrepair—in modern China.

In 2018, an anti-poverty project began in the village, with the ________ of not only fixing the place up, but also ________ the living standards of the 200 people still living there. One of the ________ was to change all of the old homes into modern guesthouses. “This will allow city folks to enjoy the Great Wall in comfort,” said Ge, who was ________ the project.

But gaining the locals’ ________ took a lot of effort at the beginning. “Just two years ago, they weren’t ________ about the project at all,” Ge told me. “Seeing that they had to ________ water from a faraway well every day, we decided to build a water system that would send water to their homes. It’s one of the first, ________ we have made. It really ________ . Now some of those who were strongly against our project are now our greatest ________ .”

Ge said he hopes that as conditions are ________ becoming better in Jielingkou, some of the younger members of the village who left to seek opportunity in the cities will come back. “Already two university graduates who grew up in the village have returned to ________ the guesthouses. I hope more will be ________ by the potentials here soon.”

3 . Cheating in sport is as old as sport itself. The athletes of ancient Greece used potions to strengthen themselves before a contest, and their modern counterparts have everything from anabolic steroids (类固醇) to growth hormones with which to_________their bodies. These days, however, such stimulants are_________, and those athletes must therefore face the challenges of anti-doping (反兴奋剂) agencies.

The agencies have had remarkable success. Testing for anabolic steroids was introduced in the 1970s, and the incidence of cheating seems to have_________dramatically as a result. The tests, however, are not entirely_________. And a study just published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism by Jenny Jakobsson Schulze and her colleagues at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden suggests that an individual’s genetic make-up could_________the tests in two different ways. One genotype, may allow athletes who use anabolic steroids to escape detection altogether. Another may actually be convicting (给……定罪) the innocent.

The test employed for testosterone (睾酮素) abuse usually relies on measuring the_________of two chemicals found in the urine (尿液): TG. and EG.. Any ratio above four of the former to the latter is considered_________and leads to more tests. However, the production of TG is controlled by a gene called UGT2B17. This gene comes in two varieties, one of which has a part missing and therefore does not work properly. A person may thus have none, one or two working copies of UGT2B17, since he inherits one copy from each parent. Dr. Schulze_________that different numbers of working copies would produce different test results. She therefore gave healthy male volunteers whose genes had been examined a single 360mg shot of testosterone — the standard dose for legal medical use — and checked their urine to see whether the shot could be_________.

The result was remarkable. Nearly half of the men who carried no functional copies of UGT2B17 would have gone undetected in the standard doping test.____________, 14% of those with two functional copies of the gene were over the detection threshold (门槛) before they had even received an injection. The researchers estimate this would give a ____________rate of 9% in a random population of young men.

Dr. Schulze also says there is substantial____________variation in UGT2B17 genotypes. Two-thirds of Asians have no functional copies of the gene which means they have a naturally____________ratio of TG to EG, compared with under a tenth of Caucasians (白种人) — something the anti-doping bodies may wish to take into account.

In the meantime, Dr. Schulz’s study does seem to offer innocents a way of____________themselves. Athletes who will travel to Paris for the Olympic games may be wise to travel armed not only with courage and the “spirit of Olympianism”, but also with a copy of their____________, just in case.

4 . The future has arrived at a dairy farm(乳牛场). It is _______ time at Woodbourne Creamery in Mt. Airy, Maryland. The cows are standing in line for a _______ at the robot.

The farm _______ John Fendrick. He watches the _______ of the animals by looking at a computer screen. That is all he has to do. The robot does all the work. It uses a laser(激光) to find each teat —— the place on the cow where the milk comes out. The robot then cleans the teat and _______ a milking tube to it.

When the velocity of milk coming out of the cow slows, the machine knows to _______, and sends the cow on its way.

Milking robots are becoming _______ among dairy farmers in the United States, Europe and Australia. John Fendrick says the robots have _______ life on a dairy farm. “You are given your _______back.”

Most dairy farmers must milk their cows two times a day, early in the morning and late at night. But Mr. Fendrick’s cows do not follow such a ________. They stay in the field ________ they want to be milked by the robot.

The cow milking robot is not low-cost technology. Mr Fendrick paid more than $150,000 for it.________ he notes, paying someone to milk the cows is also ________. “However, above all, I don’t have to be the person who’s always ________ to milk. Our cows are able to ________ without us ——to us, it’s well worth the money.”

5 . Imagine, it's Saturday at a busy shopping centre. People are doing all the things you'd _________ expect—chatting on phones, looking in shop windows and so on. Then suddenly, the _________ in front of you stop moving. They're completely _________, frozen in the middle of whatever they were doing. You look around you. There are _________ of these people—perhaps a hundred or so. Other shoppers look just as _________ as you are. Several minutes go by and the frozen shoppers _________ in exactly the same positions. Then as suddenly as they _________, they begin moving again, as if nothing had happened. You've _________ experienced a flash mob!

The definition of a flash mob is “a group of people who meet suddenly in a _________ place, perform an unusual act for a brief __________, then quickly leave”. An American, Bill Wasik,__________ the idea. One afternoon, he emailed 60 friends,__________ them to meet at a small local shop at exactly 7:24 pm. They shouldn't __________ anything to the assistants or each other. They just had to browse (随意观看) for __________ seven minutes and then leave. It would have been the __________ of world's first flash mob. However, someone had warned the police and when Bill and his friends arrived, they were __________.

Bill wasn't __________ by this failure and started planning the next event. Over the next three months, he __________ seven successful flash mobs in shops, hotels, parks and stations all around New York. Before long, stories and videos of these __________ appeared online. Wasik's idea led to creative types of flash mobs everywhere. The flash mob had become part of modern urban culture and the phrase was even __________ to the Oxford English Dictionary.

7 . Teens around the world use social media a lot. But is this a good thing? While you can say nice and _______ things on the Internet, you could also say mean and hurtful things too. When someone says something mean or hurtful _______, it's called cyberbullying (网络欺凌) .

When people say mean things to us, we feel _______, depressed and powerless. These are just some of the possible _______ effects that could affect teens who are cyberbullied. When people are often sad or depressed, they could begin to _______ suicide (自杀) . They think that their lives aren't worth anything or that their lives are too _______ to handle. It's difficult to believe that one person saying mean or cruel things to another person could make him think about _______ himself, but it's true and it does happen. Now, you could _______ everything that was said. You could say that teens can just turn off their computers or their phones. They can just block (屏蔽) the person who _______ them or just simply ignore him. __________ people, especially teens, love going on the Internet and talking to people. It's part of their daily lives. It's __________ to tell teens to turn them all off. In addition, __________ they block someone, the person can just __________ coming back on a different account or as someone else. Also if it's a publicly posted video, picture or message, everyone can see it and __________ report or share it. It's impossible to block everyone.

And finally no one can just __________ so many mean words that are being said to them.

Overall, cyberbullying is a terrible thing that people do. There should be laws to protect people from cyberbullying.