1 . You can tell a lot about people’s general state of mind based on their social media feeds. Are they always tweeting(发微博)about their biggest annoyances or posting pictures of particularly cute kitties? In a similar fashion, researchers are turning to Twitter for clues about the overall happiness of entire geographic communities.
What they’re finding is that regional variation in the use of common phrases produces predictions that don’t always reflect the local state of well being. But removing from their analyses just three specific terms -- good, love and LOL - greatly improves the accuracy of the methods.
“We’re living in a crazy COVID-19 era. And now more than ever, we’re using social media to adapt to a new normal and reach out to the friends and family that we can’t meet face-to-face.” Kokil Jaidka studies computational linguistics at the National University of Singapore. “But our words aren’t useful just to understand what we, as individuals, think and feel. They’re also useful clues about the community we live in.”
One of the simpler methods that many scientists use to analyze the data involves correlating words with positive or negative emotions. But when those records are compared with phone surveys that assess regional well-being, Jaidka says, they don’t paint an accurate picture of the local zeitgeist(时代精神).
Being able to get an accurate read on the mood of the population is no laughing matter. “That’s particularly important now, in the time of COVID, where we’re expecting a mental health crisis and we’re already seeing in survey data the largest decrease in subjective well-being in 10 years at least, if not ever.”
To find out why , Jaidka and her team analyzed billions of tweets from around the United States. And they found that among the most frequently used terms on Twitter are LOL, love and good. And they actually throw the analysis off. Why the disconnect?
“Internet language is really a different beast than regular spoken language. We’ve adapted words from the English vocabulary to mean different things in different situations.” says Jaidka. “Take, for example, LOL. I’ve tweeted the word LOL to express irony, annoyance and sometimes just pure surprise. When the methods for measuring LOL as a marker of happiness were created in the 1990s, it still meant laughing out loud.”
“There are plenty of terms that are less misleading,” says Jaidka. “Our models tell us that words like excited, fun, great, opportunity, interesting, fantastic and those are better words for measuring subjective well-being.”
1. The researchers turn to social media feeds to ________.A.help with the analysis of people’s subjective well-being |
B.integrate into a mainstreamed lifestyle more quickly |
C.prove the disconnect between language and emotions |
D.collect specific terms associated with specific zeitgeist. |
A.It didn’t reflect the mood of the entire geographic community |
B.It didn’t match the assessment result of the phone surveys. |
C.It didn’t consider the features of Internet language. |
D.It didn’t take the regional variations into account. |
A.Face-to-face communication is never replaced to ensure happiness. |
B.Internet use is to blame for the decrease in subjective well-being. |
C.Internet language should be originally used as a source of scientific analysis. |
D.Less misleading words should be used in assessing subjective well-being. |
A.Internet Shock Need A Break | B.Underlying LOL Never Fade Away |
C.Virtual Mirror Of Era Being | D.Gulf Between Old And New |
China has once again showed its ability to change the world with its “four great new
China’s new-generation high-speed train, the Fuxing Hao, is now one of the
Bike sharing, for example, is not new itself. But China has made
And back in China, when riding a shared bike, you can stop
As for Alipay, it was designed to serve the online shopping at first,
3 . Since “SQUID GAME” appeared in mid-September, the show has taken the world by storm, producing millions of videos on TikTok. In Paris fights broke out as fans tried to crowd into a shop where visitors could take photos with staff dressed like the characters from the show.
“Squid Game”, which takes its name from a common Korean schoolyard game, follows a group of heavily-indebted losers who are dressed in green sportswear and fight for a nearly $40 million prize.
The global strong interest for the show confused people in South Korea. “Nobody around me understands why it was so popular, and neither do I,” says In-young, a 26-year-old from Seoul who stopped watching after a couple of episodes (集) because it upset her to see her childhood games described as a cruel struggle for survival, though she admitted the show in some way made sense for ordinary South Koreans struggling with unaffordable housing and low-paid jobs.
One Korean critic (评论家) guesses that the mix of violent entertainment with a very popular comments explains the show’s attraction to Western audiences, who are used to such themes from American productions such as “The Hunger Games”.
No doubt the attractive shape of the design, the grand clothing and scenes as well as the translation of different languages also help. The popularity of “Squid Game” is a reflection of South Korea’s outsize cultural power on the global stage. It may also have benefited from “Parasite”, a film about social injustice, which won the Oscar for best picture in 2020. But most of all, it shows that, like love and money, complaints about unfairness have no language.
1. Why does the author mention fights in Paris in paragraph 1?A.To introduce the topic. |
B.To emphasize the value of the show. |
C.To show the popularity of the show. |
D.To state the cruel situation in Paris. |
A.Few Korean people like to watch the show. |
B.In-young misses her childhood games very much. |
C.In-young’s childhood games are cruel and violent. |
D.The show reflects the reality of Korean to some degree. |
A.Positive. | B.Negative. | C.Objective. | D.Doubtful. |
4 . Some people can't wait for the lovely colors, cooler weather, and cozy sweaters of autumn. In fact, fall is Americans' favorite time, but for a minority of others, the transition from summer creates worry, fear and worse. According to Carrie Landin, a psychologist from the University of Colorado Health Integrative Medicine Center, a significant number of people actually experience autumn anxiety.
For some people, stress is triggered (触发) by environmental factors: Decreases in daylight cause chemical changes in the brain. "Less daylight leads to lower levels of chemicals like serotonin and dopamine that control our emotions," says Kimberly Asner-self, associate professor at Touro Colleges` School of Health Sciences. "As these chemicals drop, the body responds by increasing levels of cortisol. the hormone released in situations where we face threat." The result can be an increased anxiety, difficulty sleeping and depression.
But it's not just increasing darkness that can trigger these symptoms. For people who feel this way every year, some of the reaction is mental. "When we know there's the potential for stress ahead we tend to anticipate the problems, feeling anxious before they even happen," Landin says.
The fall features more than its fair share of impending (迫在眉睫) events: back to school at the beginning of the season and family get-togethers toward the end. Mayra Mendez, a psychologist from Providence Saint Johns Health Center, suggests identifying your personal triggers and making a plan to manage them before they feel overwhelming. For instance, if you're concerned about family issues and holiday parties, decide in advance that it's perfectly OK to say no to some of them. If fall's stricter work and school schedules make you anxious, plan regular breaks and vacations to look forward to.
Finally, you should also find ways to embrace the present moment. Remember: while autumn may throw you a few tricks, there are plenty of treats to be found too.
1. What may be the cause of autumn anxiety?A.Cooler weather. | B.Less daylight. |
C.Sleep difficulties. | D.Vacation plans. |
A.potential stress can be predictable | B.stress can be triggered by chemicals |
C.depression is related to family issues | D.anxiety can be caused by mental factors |
A.Manageable. | B.Overwhelming. |
C.Troublesome. | D.Beneficial. |
A.Seasonal Anxiety | B.Tricks or Treats |
C.The Autumn Blues | D.Characteristics of Fall |
We tend to think about success in terms of wealth and accomplishments. That’s a fair measurement, but the problem is that when we addict into the
Time is a factor when it comes to making sacrifices. As Warren Buffett famously
Making the decision isn’t easy, but the good news is
6 . My friend was recently alarmed when she was told that her two-year-old must wear a mask in preschool. Her little girl already struggles to make herself understood, and her mother worries that the mask will make it harder for her daughter to be understood and that she will have trouble telling what her masked peers and teachers are saying.
Now that the face mask has become the essential accoutrement of our lives, the COVID pandemic has laid bare our fundamental need to see whole faces. Babies and young children, who must learn the meaning of the communicative signals normally available in their social partners’ faces, could be puzzled by those only partially visible(可见的) faces.
Faces are a complex and rich source of social, emotional and linguistic signals. Babies and young children see and hear communicative signals and learn to attach meanings to them through their everyday interactions with their caregivers and social partners. Take, for example, a baby in a day care center where only masked people can be heard and seen talking. However, to understand what they are saying, that baby must look at the mouth, which is essential for figuring out whether a particular person’s face goes with a particular voice. So, seeing partially visible faces robs them of sufficient linguistic signals that are essential for communication.
The visible articulations(发声)that babies normally see when others are talking play a key role in their acquisition of communication skills. This suggests that masks probably hinder babies’ acquisition of speech and language.
Of course, the news is not all bad. Babies spend much of their time at home with their unmasked caregivers. It is only in day care or when out and about with their parents that they don’t see whole talking faces. Therefore, it may only be those situations that may have long-term negative consequences for babies.
1. What’s the problem will the daughter of author’s friend face?A.Lack of necessary social skills at school. |
B.Fear of expressing herself before others. |
C.Communication trouble brought by masks. |
D.Inability to reply to what others are saying. |
A.By comparing different lip patterns of speakers. |
B.By combining facial expression and speech together. |
C.By listening carefully to what people are talking. |
D.By looking directly at the mouth of the speaker. |
A.harmful but limited. | B.positive and favorable. |
C.unsure and doubtful. | D.negative and worrying. |