8 . As 17-year-old Torri’ell Norwood drove through Florida, last February, the laughter and chatter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to screams. As they approached an intersection, another car T-boned them, sending their car sailing into the yard of a nearby home, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree.

As smoke rose from the car, a bystander shouted, “It’s about to blow up! Get out!” Shaken, but otherwise OK, Norwood crawled out through the window as the driver’s side door couldn’t be opened. Along with two of her friends, who’d also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life. But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn’t with them. Norwood ran back and found Simmons unconscious in the back seat. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. After checking her pulse and found there was no sign of life, she started CPR.

Had the accident happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do. But just the day before, Norwood, who wanted to pursue a career in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate by learning on her own. Kneeling on the lawn and looking down at her dying friend, Norwood knew she had precious little time to practice what she’d learned.

She started pumping Simmons’s chest with her interlocked fingers and breathing into her friend's mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life. After quite a while, Simmons began coughing and taking quick deep breaths for air. The CPR had worked! Soon, the ambulance arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital. And then she heard how her best friend had saved her life. “I wasn't shocked,” Simmons told others. “She will always help any way she can.”

9 . I’d gone snowboarding enthusiastically in France with my little brother. That day, fresh snow had been falling, and we were in a good ______. We stopped near the top of an off-path section going through ______. I let my brother disappear into the trees ahead, ______ I would soon catch up.

I began to ______ speed when I was suddenly thrown off balance. Just as I was regaining control, I ran into the trunk of a large tree. It was like ______ a solid wall. The pain was instant. I knew immediately that my ______ was broken and quickly realized the situation could get very ______. Nobody would be coming past. There was no phone signal. It was snowing and cold. If I waited, I would ______ be rescued eventually. But the chance of ______ to death before that happened was too high for me.

I tried to stand but fell down and almost ______ with pain. I managed to get the board off from my feet and moved it under my stomach so I was lying on it. I faced down the mountain and used the board to slowly drag and ______ my body down the steep, tree-lined slope.

It took about two hours ______ a skier found me and I got help. The mountain rescue team came, with my brother arriving shortly afterwards. I couldn't feel my hands or my toes，but I was ______ to know I was safe.

A helicopter took me to hospital. I had broken one of my backbones, so I had a(n) ______ where the doctors inserted plates. The constant pain was agonizing (痛苦的), but it wasn’t as bad as seeing the pain and worry I put my family through. The recovery road was ______, but I was lucky.

10 . On July 24, 1916, a natural gas explosion trapped 32 men working in a tunnel 250 feet below Lake Erie. The first rescuers who entered the tunnel were _________ by gas, and for hours no one else dared to enter the suffocating (窒息的), _________ deathtrap.

Then, late that night, someone had an idea: _________ Garrett Morgan and his new invention. Garrett Morgan was a successful factory owner in Cleveland. The son of freed slaves and the seventh of 11 children, mechanically minded Morgan had opened his own sewing machine shop, which he soon _________ to a tailoring factory with 32 employees.

In the early 1900s, factory buildings were crowded and untidy. They were often made of wood, with no fire escapes. Fire could cause serious _________. Concerned about his employees, Morgan _________ with a “safety hood” (头罩) that would allow the wearer to _________ despite a fire’s poisonous smoke.

Morgan knew smoke rises during a fire. Therefore, he created a heat-resistant hood with a long tube reaching to the floor. Wearing Morgan’s hood, a firefighter could breathe the _________ air near the ground. Morgan lined the breathing tube with a sponge-like material that was wetted before use to ___________ the air. A second tube was designed to __________ exhaled (呼出的) air.

Called to the scene on the night of the tunnel explosion, Garrett arrived with samples of his safety hood. Still in their nightwear, he and his brother Frank put on the hoods and bravely entered the tunnel. It was a dangerous __________ of the invention, but they saved two lives and __________ four bodies before officials closed the __________. Morgan knew that more lives might have been saved if he had been called sooner.

The daring __________ made Morgan famous and brought requests for safety hoods from fire departments around the country. But his greatest __________ was knowing that his invention would now save more people.