1 . Time flies, but the tracks of time remain in books and museums. This is what made a recent tragedy in Brazil even more terrible.
On Sept.2, a big fire ripped through the National Museum of Brazil. “ Two hundred years of work, research and knowledge were lost, ” Brazilian President Michel Temer wrote on Twitter after the fire. “It's a sad day for all Brazilians.”
Most of the 20 million pieces of history are believed to have been destroyed. Only as little as 10 percent of the collection may have survived, Time reported. Among all the items, there were Egyptian mummies, the bones of uniquely Brazilian creatures such as the long－necked dinosaur Maxakalisaurus, and an 11,500－year－old skull called Luzia, which was considered one of South America's oldest human fossils.
Besides these, Brazil's indigenous(本土的，土著的) knowledge also suffered. The museum housed world－famous collections of indigenous objects, as well as many audio recordings of local languages from all over Brazil. Some of these recordings, now lost, were of languages that are no longer spoken.
“The tragedy this Sunday is a sort of national suicide, a crime against our past and future generations,” Bernard Mello Franco, one of Brazil's best－known columnists, wrote on the O Globo newspaper site.
The cause of the fire is still unknown, as BBC News reported on Sept. 3. After the fire burned out, crowds protested outside the museum to show their anger at the loss of the irreplaceable items of historical value.
According to Emilio Bruna, an ecologist at the University of Florida, museums are living, breathing stores of who we are and where we've come from, and the world around us.
Just as underwater grass floats on the surface if it loses its roots, a nation is lost without its memories. The fire at the National Museum of Brazil teaches the world an important lesson: We should never neglect history.
1. What can be summarized as the main idea of the 3rd and 4th paragraphs?| A．Long history of South America. | B．Remains from the fire. |
| C．Mysteries to be solved. | D．History and knowledge burned up. |
| A．The government is to blame for the tragedy. |
| B．The museum should be rebuilt |
| C．The loss can't be made up for. |
| D．The criminal should be sentenced to death. |
| A．Living stores of our past. | B．Underwater grass. |
| C．The oldest fossils. | D．National suicide. |
| A．Death of a civilization | B．Functions of museums |
| C．Gone with the fire | D．Brazilians' memories |
2 . Electric Shock
Injuries caused by electric shock are fairly common. When a person has received an electric shock，no one should go near him/her until the current has been turned off.
If a shock occurring at work or at home causes someone to lose consciousness（知觉）, electrical connection must be broken before anyone tries to give assistance. You should either turn off the switch at the mains or，if that is not possible，push the person away with a dry piece of wood.
Treatment of Shock
Look out for signs of shock. People who have been injured or who may have lost a lot of blood, or those who have had heart attacks, may be in deep shock. The signs to look for are faintness, paleness, a moist，sticky skin, shallow, rapid breathing and a fast but weak heartbeat.
Shock can prove fatal, and it is essential to do something to prevent its developing. The best way to treat or prevent shock is to keep the patient lying down , better with the legs higher than the head；if possible，raise the lower part of the body on a rolled-up packet or similar object. Make the patient as comfortable as possible，loosening any tight clothing，and comfort him/her because fright increases the effects of shock.
1. What would happen if you didn’t turn off the current when you had to treat an unconscious person who had just received an electric shock?| A．He would regain his consciousness soon. |
| B．He would die soon. |
| C．Electrical connection would be broken. |
| D．You would be in danger of getting the shock yourself. |
| A．Picture 2. Electric Shock; Picture 3. Treatment of Shock |
| B．Picture 1. Electric Shock; Picture 4. Treatment of Shock |
| C．Picture 4. Electric Shock; Picture 2. Treatment of Shock |
| D．Picture 3. Electric Shock; Picture 1. Treatment of Shock |
3 . On the way to my company, I was driving behind a small truck. I was a few minutes late and watching the two men ahead of me talking in that slow truck made me angry.
The light turned green, but the truck was still moving very slowly. I became impatient, so I turned right to go past it. Suddenly, a new blue Chevy Silverado was rushing by. I tried to stop, but my car hit the side of the Chevy.
“Pow！” I heard a big noise and then I realized that an accident happened. For a moment, just a moment... I asked if I was OK, and honestly, I was waiting for people to come over and help me. Those thoughts didn't last long, as the answer came into my mind that the air bag had saved me. Luckily, I was still alive.
Slowly I opened the door. The warm, bright morning sunlight hit my face and I felt better. I saw the Chevy Silverado and I ran over to check if the driver in it was injured. “Are you OK？”I shouted loudly through the window. His head was down, eyes closed, and he didn't answer me.
At that moment, I thought I was looking at a dead man. Full of fear, I shouted again, and knocked at the window heavily once more. His eyes started to open, and he slowly shook his head, “Yes.”
Once again，I said to myself, “How lucky I am！”
1. The writer was in such a hurry because ______.| A．he must wait for the green lights | B．his car was behind a slow truck |
| C．he wanted to go past the small truck | D．he was a little bit late for his work |
| A．in the afternoon | B．at noon |
| C．in the morning | D．in the evening |
| A．Someone else helped the writer when the accident happened. |
| B．The writer's car hit the side of the Chevy Silverado. |
| C．The driver of the Chevy Silverado didn't answer the driver at first. |
| D．There were at least two men in the slow truck. |
4 . Four out of the 48 self-driving cars on public roads in California have been involved in accidents in the last eight months, according to the state's Department of Motor Vehicles.
The agency began issuing permits for the testing of self-driving vehicles in September 2014.
Three of the four cars belonged to Google, the fourth to parts supplier Delphi.
Both firms denied their vehicles had been at fault.
Under Californian law, details of car accidents remain secret.
However, Google said its driverless cars had never been the cause of an accident and that the majority of "minor fender-benders(擦撞)" had been in the form of rear-end(后尾) collisions from other drivers.
"Safety is our highest priority. Since the start of our programme six years ago, we've driven nearly a million miles automatically, on both freeways and city streets, without causing a single accident," said a spokesperson.
Delphi told the BBC its vehicle was hit while still at a crossroads and was in human driving mode at the time.
"A police report indicates the fault of the accident is with the second vehicle, not Delphi. No-one was hurt in the incident," said a spokesperson.
An unknown source told the Associated Press that two of the accidents occurred while the vehicles were occupied by human drivers, and all four vehicles were going very slowly at the time of the collisions.
Chris Urmson, director of Google's self-driving car programme, wrote in a blog post that there have been 11 accidents involving Google cars since the project began six years ago but not one has been caused by one of its vehicles.
"Rear-end crashes are the most frequent accidents in America, and often there's little the driver in front can do to avoid getting hit," he said.
1. What is the passage mainly about?| A．Self-driving car accidents. | B．Motor vehicle problems. |
| C．Self-driving vehicle problems. | D．Traffic accidents in California. |
| A．caused the accidents when driven by human drivers |
| B．hit other cars and caused the accidents |
| C．were responsible for the accidents |
| D．were knocked into from behind |
| A．are just road killers | B．need to be improved |
| C．are in good quality | D．shouldn’t be produced |
5 . Matthew Layton was 20 minutes from home in Sevierville, Tennessee, on a cold November night in 2016 when he got a cell phone call from his mother. “The mountain’s on fire,” she screamed, “and Brian’s up there!”
Layton’s family owned a dozen rental cabins(小屋) on Shields Mountain, and Layton’s friend and fellow rental-cabin owner, Brian McGee, age 56, was up there trying to put the fire out by himself. Layton, 32, hit the gas. He lived on the mountain too.
Layton turned around and headed for a dirt road. He made it about halfway up the steep, winding path before his front-wheel-drive car gave up. He called McGee, who drove down in his pickup so they could fight the fire together.
They headed first to Layton’s rental cabins. “I wanted to make sure our guests were gone. They were,” says Layton. At that point, he had a choice: try to save his cabins or rescue people renting other cabins nearby. “On the mountain, you don’t have many locals. They’re mostly tourists who don’t know their way around,” he says.
Over the next two hours, the two friends drove through the smoky mountain, knocking on doors and leading panicked people to safety. “I know that mountain so well,” Layton says, “I could drive and know exactly where I am just by time traveled.” Thanks to their brave and immediate action, the two helped 14 people out of the danger.
Fourteen people died that night in Sevier County. But the fire didn’t take away a single life on Shields Mountain. And though his home and business were destroyed, Layton remains calm. “I wasn’t worried about my loss, not when I saw those families trapped on the mountain,” he says, “I knew I was gonna help them.”
1. Where was Layton when the fire broke out?| A．Visiting his mother. | B．Away from his home. |
| C．Heading for the cabins. | D．Driving on a dirt road. |
| A．Layton’s car broke down halfway. | B．Brian was in charge of Layton’s cabins. |
| C．Layton picked up Brian on the path. | D．Brian lived in the mountain alone. |
| A．They put out the fire before it spread. | B．They turned to locals for help. |
| C．Layton was familiar with the area. | D．Brian gave up his own cabins. |
| A．He blamed himself. | B．He suffered a lot. |
| C．He felt sorry. | D．He was relieved. |
6 . Oil is essential for modern life. About 64 percent of the world’s oil is located in the Middle East, but the heaviest consumers of oil are Europe, America, and Japan. The problem lies in getting the oil from the countries that produce it to the countries that consume it. This is mainly done using oil tankers. Usually the oil is shipped safely and with no problems, but occasionally there is a disaster.
Every year millions of tons of oil are spilled into the ocean. Although this is only a small percentage of the total amount shipped around the world each year, this spilled oil can have terrible effects on ocean life, including the coastlines where the oil washes up onto shore.
One of the worst oil spills in history occurred along the Alaskan coastline in 1989, when the Exxon Valdez tanker got stuck off the coast of Alaska, spilling 42 million liters of oil. Although it wasn’t the largest oil spill, the disaster was terrible because it occurred in such a sensitive natural area. In this spill, the tanker’s captain, who was tired from overwork and drinking alcohol, had gone to take a rest. He gave control of the ship to another sailor, who was unfamiliar with the route. The ship ran onto Bligh Reef. Damaged by the reef, the ship leaked oil out into the ocean. More than 1,600 kilometers of coastline were affected by the oil spill. Many birds and otters died as a result of the oil covering their skin, and many other sea creatures and the animals that fed on them were also severely affected.
1. Which country is NOT among the largest consumers of oil?| A．Japan | B．Iraq |
| C．America | D．Germany |
| A．The birds. | B．The otters. |
| C．The sea creatures. | D．The birds and the otters. |
| A．The oil leak of Alaska is because the captain was unfamiliar with the route. |
| B．Many birds and otters died from eating the spilled oil. |
| C．Alaska spill was the most serious spill of all time. |
| D．Although some oil leak is not serious, it will affect ocean life. |
7 . How terrible it would be if there was fire! Today is November 9. It’s time for us to learn a lot more about fire, especially what to do if we are caught in a fire:
1. Shout out
If you smell smoke or see fire, shout out “Fire”! Shout as loudly as you can, because people may be asleep.
2. Call 119
Never try to put out the fire yourself, even if it is a very small one! Get help from your parents or call 119.
3. Keep down close to the floor
If there is a lot of smoke in your room, keep down close to the floor.
4. Test the door
Test the door before you open it. If the door is cool, open it carefully. If the door is hot, do not open it! Try to find a different way out.
5. Get out
If you can, get out of your home as soon as possible.
6. Don’t use the lift
Never use the lift during the fire. It may also go wrong.
7. Don’t go back
Never go back into a burning building!
1. The passage is mainly about .| A．how to look after yourself when on fire | B．what to do when you are caught in a fire |
| C．when to leave the burning place | D．why to call 119 when it is on fire |
| A．Call for help as quickly as you can. | B．Wake your parents up fast. |
| C．Shout out “Fire!” as loudly as you can. | D．Run as fast as you can. |
| A．find a better way out | B．notice the fire clearly |
| C．call for a much quicker help | D．see if it is closed |
| A．shout out | B．keep down close to the floor | C．call 119 | D．use the lift |
The driver of the truck was a 50-year-old man who was unemployed and it was clear that he had been drinking because the police found 18 empty beer cans inside his truck. However, the man denied drinking even if he had failed the police test for drinking, saying, “No, I haven’t drunk anything.” When asked to touch his nose , ears, and mouth with his eyes closed, he was unable to touch any part of his head.
So the police put him into the back seat of a police car. But the man kept crying, “Mabel, where is my Mabel? I can’t find her now. I want my Mabel.” The police asked him if Mabel was his wife. He said, “She’s my dog, my dog! Where’s my baby?” Later in the day, the police found a dog with a ring around her neck, on which was written “Mabel” half a block away from where the accident happened. Perhaps the man was looking for his pet dog after drinking when the accident happened. As a result, the man was taken to the city jail for driving after drinking and it seemed that Mabel would be left alone.
1. Which of the following is true about the accident ?
| A．The boy’s mother was injured. |
| B．The boy was driving the car. |
| C．A car ran into a truck at a corner. |
| D．The truck driver drank beer. |
| A．amazed | B．frightened |
| C．puzzled | D．concerned |
| A．He was OK because he was conscious. |
| B．He may be injured inside. |
| C．His right leg was broken. |
| D．He was going to die of a broken leg. |
| A．admitted | B．determined | C．disagreed | D．preferred |
9 . “Bad luck always comes in three” and last Saturday seemed to prove it. After trouble with the car, the television, we spent the evening waiting for the next trouble.
Shortly after dinner we both smelled smoke.
My wife, who was often careless when cooking, ran to the kitchen but returned looking puzzled. I rushed up the stairs to see smoke coming from under our bedroom door. I went to the bathroom and tied a wet cloth over my face.
Then I returned to the bedroom, opened the door andcrawled (爬) in—there would be less smoke at floor level. With one hand reaching out in front of me I advanced carefully feeling for the switch to turn off the electric blanket.
At that moment I heard the bell of a coming fire engine. Thank goodness my wife had not been wasting her time.
1. The wife rushed into the kitchen because ______.| A．the smoke came out of the kitchen |
| B．she left something in the kitchen |
| C．she was afraid the smoke was caused by her carelessness |
| D．things in the kitchen were easy to cause fire |
| A．the fire | B．the kitchen | C．electricity | D．bad luck |
| A．the wife telephoned the firemen | B．the firemen saw the smoke and came |
| C．thewife was downstairs doing nothing | D．they were in great danger |
| A．an unlucky person will have trouble one after another |
| B．an unlucky person will only have trouble three times |
| C．“THREE” is an unlucky number |
| D．“THREE” always comes with a bad luck. |
Some of the worst such incidents—like four crashes in frightening succession into New York’s World Trade Center, the Pentagon and rural Pennsylvania on September 11, 2001; the 1988 downing of Pan Am Flight 103 in Lockerbie, Scotland; and a 1977 crash involving the apparent hijacking of a Malaysian Airlines jet that left 100 dead—involved terrorist activity. But there are many others that did not, with mechanical problems, pilot error or other reasons blamed for loss of life. Below are some examples of the latter: crashes that left at least 200 people dead in each incident.
March 27 , 1977 : A KLM Royal Dutch Airlines Boeing 747 beginning its takeoff crashed into Pan American World Airways Boeing 747 then still on the runway at the Los Rodeos Airport at Tenerife in the Canary Islands. A total of 574 people, aboard both planes, died .
July 11 , 1991 : The landing gear of a Nigeria Airways DC-8 catches fire shortly after takeoff Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. It doesn’t make it back to the airport, crashing nose-down less than 10,000 feet short of the runway and killing all 261 people aboard.
April 26 , 1994 : The pilot of a China Airlines’ Flight 140 alerts the control tower at Japan’s Nagoya Airport of his intention not to land and try another approach. But something goes wrong and, a short time later, the Airbus A300 crashes leading to 264 deaths—though a few passengers do survive.
September 2 , 1998 : A Swiss air jetliner that had departed New York’s Kennedy airport on its way to Geneva, Switzerland, goes down off the coast of Nova Scotia, Canada; none of the 229 people aboard Flight 111 make it. Investigators believe that the MD-11 lost all electrical power immediately before the crash.
June 1 , 2009 : Air France Flight 447 is on the way from Rio de Janiero to Paris when it and its 228 passengers and crew go missing somewhere over the Atlantic Ocean. It’s not until five days later that the first bodies are found about 600 miles off the northern coast of Brazil. Two years later, French authorities blame the crash on equipment breakdown.
1. The first paragraph is intended to ______.
| A．memorize those people aboard the Russian A321 airline. |
| B．show it is the most serious incident in history. |
| C．direct attention to some disastrous air plane crashes. |
| D．analyze the cause of the disaster and blame the airline company. |
| A．China Airlines’ Flight 140 |
| B．Pan Am Flight 103 |
| C．Air France Flight 447 |
| D．Swissair Jetliner Flight 111 |
| A．Two planes of the same type hit each other on March 27 , 1977. |
| B．There were over 264 people aboard China Airlines’ Flight 140. |
| C．It took five days to find some bodies of Air France Flight 447. |
| D．Swissair Jetliner Flight 111 crashed during its landing. |
