1 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. open        B. briefly        C. significantly        D. remains               E. replacing F. home        G. violent        H. restored               I. constructed        J. changes        K. rulers

Windsor Castle

Windsor Castle is the most famous of all castles in England. The grand castle is still a（n）     1     of the British royal family, and is the largest and oldest residential castle in the world. It has been the site of a royal house for almost 1,000 years, since the time of William the Conqueror.

King Henry II     2     the first stone building on the site of Windsor Castle in the 1170s. King Edward III, who was born in the castle, pulled down most of Henry's buildings in the 1350s,     3     them with a new “round castle” in the center of the site. Edward's central keep（城堡主楼）has survived to this day though with major     4    .

St. George's Chapel is the main church on the site. It was begun during the reign（统治）of King Edward IV and was completed by King Henry VII, who was buried there along with nine other British     5    .

The most     6     part in the history of Windsor Castle took place during the English Civil War, when Oliver Cromwell's troops took over the castle from King Charles I and used it as a fortress and the headquarters. King Charles I was     7     imprisoned at Windsor Castle and it wasn't long before he was killed and buried here in 1648.

Windsor Castle remains a primary residence of the royal family, but much of it is now     8     to the public. Sights on a Windsor Castle tour include the daily changing of the guard. The public rooms contain a large number of paintings, decorative ceiling designs and antique furniture. A fire in 1992 destroyed parts of the royal apartments, which are open to a Windsor Castle tour when the Queen is not in residence, but these have been painstakingly     9    .A Windsor Castle tour should include a walk through the Windsor Great Park, which is a beautifully designed garden in the     10     of a royal hunting forest.

2 . Computer keyboards are the most widely used input devices (设备). Most of us use them almost every day, at work or at home. But have you ever wondered who invented them and why they look like this?

The origins (起源) of keyboards can be found in the first typing devices created back in the 1700s and 1800s. The first patent (专利权) for a typing machine belonged to the Englishman Henry Mill, back in 1714. Since then, many other typing devices have been patented, but none of them was put to use until 1867.

The first typing machine produced for use was the Remington typewriter, created by Sholes & Glidden. Are you wondering what it looked like? Surprisingly, it was very similar to an old sewing machine (缝纫机). This typewriter model is usually considered as "the first typewriter”.

Since this invention, typing devices went through a lot of changes in shapes, size, design and technology, increasing their efficiency (效率) and becoming more user-friendly.

In 1961, IBM made the first model of its Selectric typewriter public. This device had a very great influence on modern computer keyboards in terms of efficiency and typing speed.

Throughout the 1950s to 1970s, typewriters became the primary input devices used for computing. Things started to change in the 1970s, when the first computer keyboards made their appearance and typewriters were taken over by these new devices.

In the 1980s, IBM introduced its first personal computer, which came equipped with the Model M keyboard. This is considered the most universal keyboard design and the father of modern keyboards. This device was a big success and it’s still very popular today.

1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?

A．To present a method.

B．To voice a different idea.

C．To introduce the topic.

D．To analyse the problem.

2. How is this text mainly developed?

A．By giving descriptions.

B．By analyzing causes.

C．By making comparisons.

D．By following time order.

3. Which of the following is regarded as the father of modern keyboards?

A．The sewing machine.

B．The Model M keyboard.

C．The Remington typewriter.

D．The Selectric typewriter.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．The development of keyboards.

B．The future of keyboards.

C．The recent events of keyboards.

D．The new findings of keyboards.

3 . Thousands of years ago, the kings of Egypt built strong tombs for themselves. Over these tombs they built pyramids. They thought their bodies would be well kept in these tombs until they could come back to life. They also hoped the world would look on the pyramids as monuments to them and would remember them forever.

There are about 80 pyramids in Egypt. But the Great Pyramid is the biggest of all. It is nearly 5, 000 years old. It is about 137 meters high today, but it was once higher. It is made of 2, 300, 000 huge stones. Most of them are higher than a man and weigh about two and a half tons each. Some weigh as much as fifteen tons. It took more than 100, 000 men twenty years to build the Great Pyramid.

When you look at the pyramids, you can't help wondering how the Egyptians were able to build them thousands of years ago. How did they cut, carry and lift such huge stones? Each stone fits so well, yet they didn’t have our modern machines! Scientists have studied the pyramids, but nobody can tell just how the Egyptians built them so long ago.

Inside the pyramids are the rooms for the bodies of the kings and queens. There are lots of wonderful treasures in the pyramids, too. Thieves have broken into some of the pyramids and taken away many of the treasures to foreign countries. They have even stolen the mummies. Today some of the mummies and treasures are on show in museums in different countries. When the kings had the pyramids built for them, they perhaps never thought this would happen.

1. The kings built their tombs ________.

A．over the pyramids	B．in the fields
C．under the pyramids	D．on the monuments

2. When the Great Pyramid was built, it was ________.

A．137 meters high	B．less than 137 meters high
C．137 kilometers high	D．more than 137 meters high

3. The Egyptians built the pyramids with ________.

A．no modern machines	B．modern machines
C．the kings	D．sand and stones

4. ________ know(s) how the Egyptians built the pyramids.

A．Scientists	B．The kings
C．Many people	D．Nobody

4 . On November 27,1895, Alfred Nobel signed his third and last will at the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris. When it was opened and read after his death, the will caused a lot of controversy both in Sweden and internationally, as Nobel had left much of his wealth for the establishment of a prize. His family opposed the establishment of the Nobel Prize, and the prize awarders he named refused to do what he had requested in his will. It was five years before the first Nobel Prize could be awarded in 1901.

In this selected part of the will, Alfred Nobel dictates that his entire remaining assets (资产)   should be used to donate “prizes to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred (带来) the greatest benefit to humankind”.

“All of my remaining realisable assets are to be used as follows: the capital, which is converted (换算) to safe securities, is to be a fund, the interest on which is to be distributed annually as prizes to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind. The interest is to be divided into five equal parts and distributed as follows: one part to the person who made the most important discovery or invention in the field of physics; one part to the person who made the most important chemical discovery or improvement; one part to the person who made the most important discovery within the field of physiology or medicine; one part to the person who, in the field of literature, produced the most outstanding work in an idealistic direction; and one part to the person who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations, the abolition or reduction of standing armies, and the establishment and promotion of peace congresses. The prizes for physics and chemistry are to be awarded by the Swedish Academy of Sciences; that for physiological or medical achievements by the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm; that for literature by the Academy in Stockholm; and that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be selected by the Norwegian Storting. It is my express wish that when awarding the prizes, no consideration be given to nationality, but that the prize be awarded to the worthiest person, whether or not they are Scandinavian.”

1. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about the Nobel Prize?

A．The background of the Nobel Prize.

B．The reasons for the Nobel Prize.

C．The functions of the Nobel Prize.

D．The significance of the Nobel Prize.

2. What does the underlined word “dictates” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．Admit.	B．Order.
C．Remember.	D．Remark.

3. What can we say about Nobel’s Will from the text?

A．It’s a must for a scientist.	B．It’s reasonable to the world.
C．It’s difficult to realize it.	D．It’s an honor to a person or his country.

4. What can be inferred about Tu Youyou?

A．She was awarded by the Academy in Stockholm.

B．She was awarded by the Swedish Academy of Sciences.

C．She was awarded by the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm.

D．She was awarded by a committee of five persons to be selected by the Norwegian Storting

5 . Considered a symbol( 象征) of ancient Chinese_________, the Great Wall of China was enlisted in the World Heritage by the UNESCO in 1987 as one of the _________of the world. Just like a huge_________, the Great Wall winds( 蜿蜒) its way up and down from east to west, across deserts, over mountains, _________ valleys till at last it reaches the sea, with a _________of more than 6000 kilometers.

No one can tell for sure when the building of the Great Wall was _________, but it is popularly believed that the Great Wall was first built over 2500 years   ago during   the West   Zhou Dynasty to _________ the nation against the northern tribes( 部落). Emperor Qin Shihuang united the different small countries into one _________. To keep the enemies out, he had all the walls _________ up; thus, the great wall came into being. It had been playing an important _________ in wars in ancient Chinese history. It was very _________ work to build such a wall in the ancient days without any modern machines, as all the work was done by _________. Thousands of men died and were _________under the wall they built. Some parts of the Great Wall are now in _________ or even entirely disappeared.

Today the Great Wall has become a _________ for every visitor to China. Many of them have come to know the famous Chinese saying:“He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.”

1.

A．organization

B．civilization

C．destinations

D．graduation

2.

A．wonders

B．sources

C．paths

D．honors

3.

A．wall

B．cock

C．dragon

D．panda

4.

A．under

B．before

C．about

D．through

5.

A．height

B．width

C．length

D．depth

6.

A．registered

B．designed

C．applied

D．started

7.

A．protect

B．debate

C．frighten

D．compete

8.

A．city

B．empire

C．castle

D．system

9.

A．cleaned

B．signed

C．made

D．joined

10.

A．goal

B．type

C．role

D．power

11.

A．challenging

B．amazing

C．confusing

D．outgoing

12.

A．heart

B．mistake

C．hand

D．foot

13.

A．transported

B．buried

C．attracted

D．delivered

14.

A．traps

B．shelters

C．failure

D．ruins

15.

A．must-see

B．must-do

C．must- have

D．must-read

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

Over 70 years ago, countless ordinary Chinese stepped onto the battlefield to fight     1     our homeland in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, in     2     more than 197,000 compatriots gave their precious     3    (life).

In that great era, 300.000-plus heroes such as Yang Gensi, Huang Jiguang and Qiu Shaoyun and     4    (near)6,000 meritorious(值得称赞的)collectives emerged(出现)in the volunteer army.

When those heroes sacrificed(牺牲)    5    (they), some were still very young. At that time, most of the volunteers     6    (bury)directly on the spot, except for a few who were transported back to the country for burial. For more than half a century, China has never forgotten     7    (it)heroes. Since 2014, China     8    (receive)eight batches of remains of 825 volunteers for eight consecutive years,     9    (express)respect and admiration for the sacrifices of these courageous individuals while remembering history. In this year, China has made enormous achievements in building a modern society in all respects, reflecting how China is becoming a stronger nation. In this journey, it is the countless heroes     10     have realized China's prosperity(繁荣)and strength.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

An ancient culture dating back more than 5,000 years proved China’s early exchanges with other societies, experts say.

Experts believe the Majiayao culture had a close     1    (connect) with other various cultures. They put it forward at a recent meeting     2     was held in Gansu Province. With more than 5,000 years of history, it plays an important role in the development of the Chinese civilization (文明). This culture spread to Central Asia through     3     is now China’s Xinjiang Province,     4    (bring) rice from China to the west.

Swedish expert Johan first     5    (investigate) cultural sites in 1924. In the 1940s, Xia Nai named the sites after the Majiayao, with painted pottery (彩陶) as     6    (it) most special feature. Some experts point out that the Majiayao culture     7    (obvious) shares similarities with the cultures of some parts of the Black Sea. People from these cultures used pottery     8    (make) human head sculptures.     9     addition, some Central Asian features also appeared on the painted pottery of the Majiayao.

Actions     10    (take) to protect the Majiayao culture by building museums, organizing meetings and doing more research so far.

8 . No one knows who flew the first kite. It was probably someone in China or perhaps Indonesia. Indonesian fishermen hung fishhooks on kites and sent them out to sea to catch fish. Starting 2,000 years ago, Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth.

In China, people also used kites during wartime. One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp. The enemies were frightened by the noise and ran away.

About 1,300 years ago, Chinese travelers took kites to Japan. Soon kites filled the skies there. Kites reached Thailand about 700 years ago. During floods, Thai farmers flew kites over their fields. They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain. Over time, kites flew their way out of Asia. Today, kites are a passion all over the world. Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts of the world and have great fun.

Over the years, kites have also helped people understand the natural world. In 1749, for example, thermometers were tied to kites to know temperature. In 1906, cameras hanging from kites took pictures of San Francisco, California after an earthquake. The photos helped people plan what to do.

Since the ancient Chinese first sent their kites into the air, people have loved flying kites. So go fly a kite! Enjoy the feeling of wonder that kite men have felt for centuries.

1. According to the passage, in which countries were kites used to make good wishes?

A．Thailand and Indonesia	B．China and Thailand
C．Japan and Indonesia	D．China and Japan

2. According to the Chinese story, the army used kites to ________.

A．make the enemies leave in fear	B．celebrate victory during wartime
C．keep the enemies sleeping well	D．help people take photos

3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The first person to fly kites was a Chinese.

B．In the early 20th century in San Francisco, kites were used to help people make plans after an earthquake.

C．Kites were taken to Japan about 700 years ago.

D．Today, kites are not a passion all over the world.

4. What's the purpose of this passage?

A．To explain the differences between kites worldwide.	B．To explain how kites are used in science.
C．To introduce the roles of kites in history.	D．To introduce how to make kites.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China’s Grand Canal(大运河)

For centuries, the power of Chinese emperors rose and fell with     1    (they) control of the Grand Canal. Today, this important waterway is shorter than it once was,     2     it is still the longest man-made river in the world and continues to play an important cultural and     3    (economy) role in modern China.

The original canal system began around the year 605,     4    Emperor-Yang realized that-in order to feed his army--he needed a way to move food quickly from China’s southern rice -growing region to the country’s north.     5    (complete) in 611, the canal grew more and more important throughout China over the next 500 years. In 1279, Kublai Khan began to repair and build new parts of the canal. This rebuilding work created a more direct north-south route to and from Beijing. Future     6    (rule) then continued to expand and improve the canal. In addition to     7    (move) rice around China, the Grand Canal was also an important cultural waterway. Ideas, regional foods, and cultural practices were transported from one part of China     8    another along the county’s watery highway.

Today, boats still carry tons of coal, food, and other goods to points between Hangzhou and Jining. In 2014, the historic Grand Canal was made a UNESCO World Heritage site.It     9    (hope) that Grand Canal, one of the world’s great engineering accomplishments, will continue to link north and south China for centuries     10    (come).

10 . Zheng He was one of China's most famous explorers. Towards the end of the fourteenth century, his fleet (舰队) sailed to countries far away.

Zheng He had over 300 ships, some of which were over 150 meters long, and could carry up to 1 ,000 people. Besides, the ships carried gold, silver, silk, china and other treasures to give as gifts to the rulers of other countries. Some ships even had earth on board so that the sailors could grow their crops for food.

On Zheng He's first voyage(航海), he set sail across the Indian Ocean. His fleet travelled many days far away from land. One day, they were hit by a storm. All the sailors thought the fleet was going to sink. Then a strange light appeared and after that,the storm passed. The strange light was probably electricity from the thunderstorm (雷雨),but the sailors in Zheng He's fleet believed it was a sign of protection from the gods. With the belief, they were happy to follow Zheng He wherever he led them.

Zheng He completed seven famous voyages between 1405 and 1433. He visited many countries in Asia and Africa. He brought back many gifts from the countries he visited, such as medicines, pearls (珍珠) and strange animals. The most famous of them were a giraffe and a zebra.

In 28 years of travelling, Zheng He had managed to share the glory of China with many different countries. When he died in 1435,the stories of his travels made him one of China's most famous sailors.

1. On Zheng He's first voyage, he set sail across ________ Ocean.

A．the Atlantic	B．the Indian
C．the Pacific	D．the Arctic

2. Some ships carried earth on board so that the sailors could________.

A．use it as a gift

B．use it for exchange

C．plant trees for shade

D．grow their own crops for food

3. The sailors were happy to follow Zheng He because of________.

A．his leadership	B．his fame
C．the belief in gods' protecting them	D．a heavy storm

4. The most famous gifts Zheng He brought back were________.

A．a monkey and a tiger

B．a giraffe and a zebra

C．gold and silver

D．medicines and pearls

5. The best title of the passage can be________.

A．The Glory of China

B．Zheng He's Life

C．Zheng He and His Voyages

D．China's Most Famous Explorers