1 . Fragile. Oversensitive. Glued to their phones.
Never before have the lives of any generation of teens been as flooded with mobile technology and social media as the teens of this generation.
To conclude, the teens of this generation differ in many ways from their predecessors (前辈), in some ways more positive than others.
| A．No wonder the self-confidence and mental health of teens have been damaged. |
| B．Yet, the effects of technology on this generation of teens are not all bad. |
| C．Is this what comes to mind when we think of the teens of this generation? |
| D．Their parents or grandparents were likely less connected and more isolated. |
| E．Moreover, in the older generations’ mind, the teens today are more individualistic. |
| F．As a result, this might be why the teens today are more open-minded and progressive. |
| G．Every generation is a product of the cultural, political and economic events of their time. |
2 . Six Neanderthals who lived in what is now France were eaten by their fellow Neanderthals some 100,000 years ago, according to fearful evidence of the cannibalistic (食人的) event discovered by scientists in a cave in the 1990s. Now, researchers may have figured out why the Neanderthals, including two children, became victims of cannibalism: Global warming.
While previous studies have examined Neanderthal remains to find proof of cannibalistic behavior, this is the first study to offer clues as to what may have led Neanderthals to become cannibals. Scientists found that rapid changes in local ecosystems as the planet warmed may have wiped out the animal species that Neanderthals ate, forcing them to look elsewhere to fill their stomachs.
The researchers examined a layer of sediment (沉积物) in a cave known as Baume Moula-Guercy, in southeastern France. In that layer, charcoal (碳) and animal bones were so well-preserved that scientists could reconstruct an environmental picture representing 120,000 to 130,000 years ago. They discovered that the climate in the area was likely even warmer than it is today, and that the change from a cold, dry climate to a warmer one happened quickly. “Maybe within a few generations”, study co-author Emmanuel said. As the animals that once populated the landscape disappeared, some Neanderthals ate what they could find — their neighbors.
Cannibalism is by no means unique to Neanderthals, and has been practiced by humans and their relatives “from the early Palaeolithic to the Bronze Age and beyond,” the study authors reported. The behavior adopted by the starving Neanderthals in the Baume Moula-Guercy should therefore not be viewed as “a mark of bestiality (兽性) or sub-humanity”, but as an emergency adaptation to a period of severe environmental stress, according to the study.
1. What does the study mainly focus on?| A．The social behavior of Neanderthals. |
| B．The reason for cannibalism among Neanderthals. |
| C．The climate change in southeastern France. |
| D．The influence of global warming on ancient animals. |
| A．It was no warmer than it is today. |
| B．It was first warm while later cold and dry. |
| C．Its change was mild and went through quite a long process. |
| D．Its change is a chief factor contributing to cannibalism. |
| A．Neanderthals’ cannibalism showed their bestiality. |
| B．Cannibalism was actually a measure the Neanderthals had to adopt to survive. |
| C．Neanderthals’ cannibalism guaranteed their rule over other tribes. |
| D．Only Neanderthals were found to have cannibalism in human history. |
| A．In a science journal. | B．In a travel brochure. |
| C．In a history book. | D．In a geography book. |
