1 . Nzulezo in Jomoro district of western Ghana has coexisted with nature for many centuries. Here, all of life’s chores (家常杂务) from the preparation of meals to children going to school take place on water.

The first people in Nzulezo came from Mali in the 15th century. Many centuries after, people in Nzulezo still live in wooden buildings. Every family in modern Nzulezo has its own street, and every street is named after the head of that family. Every family member also owns a boat. It’s the only way of travelling there.

People in Nzulezo have kept their traditional way of living for many centuries, but they have introduced certain modern comforts such as clectricity, which means they no longer depend on kerosene (煤油) and lanterns to power up.

They also hope to build a 24-hour healthcare center. The locals have to travel five kilometers by boat to see a doctor.

Being on water also makes it hard to find teachers to teach Nzulezo children. Cudjoe, a teacher in Nzulezo, says that there aren’t enough payments to make teachers stay. Though there are glaring challenges, some of Cudjoe’s students have left Nzulezo for further education, including university, and they are thriving, he says. “I have a lady, she’s now a nurse, and I have a man who is now in university. Plenty of them are now in senior high outside the village. They are doing well.”

But while people in Nzulezo are open to satisfying some modern needs, they still feel strongly about keeping their traditional lifestyle. “Our life here is very comfortable for us. We cook here, we enjoy ourselves, we entertain ourselves, the children also. We prefer to stay,” says a local elder, John Arthur.

1. What does Paragraph 2 focus on?

A．The rise and fall of Nzulezo.	B．Nzulezo’s dependence on boats.
C．The origin of streets in Nzulezo.	D．Nzulezo’s traditional way of living.

2. What does the underlined word “thriving” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A．Suffering.	B．Succeeding.
C．Returning.	D．Researching.

3. Which would be the best title for the passage?

A．Village over the River Coming to Shore

B．Nzulezo Giving Way to Modern Comforts

C．Floating Village Balancing Traditions in Modern World

D．Nzulezo Drawing Attention to Traditional Floating Life

2 . Scotland is a unique place, loaded with history, where you can find aristocratic（贵族的）palaces and castles, as well as the traditional parades in national costumes.
In order to see and discover the true soul of Scotland today and what formed the character of this splendid region, we have to go towards the northern regions, to the Grampian Mountains（格兰扁山区）, beautiful and plain. The Scots conquered the environment with simple spades and strong arms, for it was difficult to farm.
The history of this ancient struggle, and its people’s ancient love with the hard land, can be felt within the walls of the Angus Folk Museum. You are able to get a feel of the typical rural atmosphere of times past from the everyday artifacts displayed here.
From coastal Aberdeen in towards the Grampian Mountains there runs the Castle Trail, a road that touches on many fortresses（堡垒）, which are witnesses of continual fights against the control of neighboring England in Scottish history.
Perhaps the most exciting moment for Scottish autonomy is ____ experienced inside this ancient church of Arbroath, where, in 1320, the Declaration of Independence was celebrated, at the instigation（鼓动）of King Robert the Bruce. He carried out the plan for autonomy drawn up by the great popular hero William Wallace, for whom cinema has designed the wonderful film Brave Heart, the winner of the five Oscars.
This is Glamis Castle, where King Macbeth and Queen Elizabeth used to live. Among the most frequent guests here are the predictable ghosts, if not actually created, by ancient popular beliefs. These have been handed down over the centuries by people tending to live with mystery, with the forces of the supernatural.
Another attraction here is a legendary monster: the Loch Ness Monster. Whether it’s real or imaginary, this monster, which has been nicknamed Nessie, has collected a good 3,000 sightings over the last 50 years.
The true flag of Scotland, tartan, is recognizable from the brightly colored plaid patterns which are used to distinguish the various social groups.
Bagpipes and dancing open the competitions of local sporting events, which are called Highland Gatherings.
1. Take a look at the Angus Folk Museum, and we can learn about _______.             .

A．the love of ancient Scottish to the hard land

B．the rural atmosphere in Grampian Mountains

C．ancient Scottish people’s fighting against the enemy

D．the history of the Scottish famous palaces and castles

2. What were the fortresses built for?

A．Fighting against the invaders of England.

B．Developing business with neighbor areas.

C．Preventing the people from moving around.

D．Providing a shelter from tough weather for travelers.

3. In the fifth paragraph, the underlined “the one” refers to the moment of _______.

A．the film Brave Heart winning the five Oscars

B．the plan for Scottish autonomy being carried out

C．the instigation of King Robert the Bruce

D．the celebration of the Declaration of Independence

4. According to the passage, which one is TRUE?

A．The film Brave Heart is mainly about King Robert Bruce.

B．The Scottish film industry is one of the attractions of the land.

C．Highland gatherings are often marked with bagpipes and dancing

D．The supernatural forces in Glamis Castle may change a person’s belief.

5. The purpose of the writer is to _______.

A．advise readers to pay a visit to Scotland

B．teach students about the customs of Scotland

C．introduce cultural background about Scotland

D．analyze the geographic formation of Scotland