1. What did the man think of their trip to Iceland?
| A．Great. | B．Boring. | C．Expensive. |
| A．The language. | B．The route. | C．The accommodation. |
| A．Fashionable bags. | B．Wool sweaters. | C．Warm gloves. |
1. Where does the speaker come from?
| A．Australia. | B．America. | C．England. |
| A．Humorous. | B．Quiet. | C．Friendly. |
| A．Enjoy afternoon tea. | B．Watch comedy shows. | C．Play with his friends. |
| A．The TV programs. | B．The old buildings. | C．The tea shops. |
| A. disapproved B. negative C. national D. appreciation E. socially F. tendency G. approach H. fitted I. enhanced J. unpopular K. namely |
What are the things that first come to your mind when you think of the UK? Are they nonstop rain, polite manners, boring food and tea drinking?
Some of the UK’s
The research polled 1, 402 foreigners living in the UK on their opinions about the British way of life. Unsurprisingly, the majority of them, almost 70 percent, said they enjoyed living in the country—good manners, especially UK people’s extraordinary ability to queue, are the main reasons for foreigners’
However, there are aspects of British culture that are
It may not be too hard to understand why heavy drinking and bad weather are
British humor is known for being dry and satirical (讽刺的), so it is generally more
“The majority of nationalities have stereotypes
4 . Fragile. Oversensitive. Glued to their phones.
Never before have the lives of any generation of teens been as flooded with mobile technology and social media as the teens of this generation.
To conclude, the teens of this generation differ in many ways from their predecessors (前辈), in some ways more positive than others.
| A．No wonder the self-confidence and mental health of teens have been damaged. |
| B．Yet, the effects of technology on this generation of teens are not all bad. |
| C．Is this what comes to mind when we think of the teens of this generation? |
| D．Their parents or grandparents were likely less connected and more isolated. |
| E．Moreover, in the older generations’ mind, the teens today are more individualistic. |
| F．As a result, this might be why the teens today are more open-minded and progressive. |
| G．Every generation is a product of the cultural, political and economic events of their time. |
5 . Many centuries ago, all people had to gather seeds and plants to eat. They did not know how to farm or raise animals for food. We call them the Stone Age people because they used stone tools and arms.
You may feel surprised in the world today there are still people who live like the Stone Age people. They live in the places that are hard to reach. Because they have met few people from the outside world, they rarely hear of modern inventions. They have not gained ways of doing things from others.
For 25, 000 years, groups of people have lived alone in the middle of Australia. One of thesegroups is the Arunta tribe (部落) . They do not know how to farm and how to raise sheep or cattle.
The Aruntas spend most of their time searching for food and water. The men hunt animals with stone-tipped spears. The women and children look for roots, seeds and nuts. They use sticks to dig up the roots. Several Arunta families live together. They have no house. At night, they sleep around small fires.
Now other people are moving into the center of Australia. Soon the Aruntas will no longer be a Stone Age people. Maybe that’s a piece of exciting news for them.
1. The Stone Age people are called so because they _________.| A．gathered seeds and plants to eat | B．didn’t know how to farm |
| C．used stone tools and arms | D．didn’t raise animals for food |
| A．Because they haven’t yet learned new ways from other people. |
| B．Because they do not want to change their way of living. |
| C．Because other people are moving in and living with the Aruntas. |
| D．Because each family live alone without knowing others. |
| A．people in old Australia didn’t use stone tools |
| B．the Aruntas do not like to hunt |
| C．everyone in Australia lives in large cities |
| D．the Aruntas don’t know much about modern inventions |
| A．positive | B．negative | C．neutral | D．indifferent |
6 . To fully appreciate Australian cuisine, you have to consider the unique nature of its wildlife and geography. For one thing, there are the wide plains in the interior of the country, which are home to millions of grazing animals. For another, there is Australia’s long coastline, which is next to all the riches of the sea.
One of the most popular red meats in Australia is also unique to the continent: kangaroo. This may seem strange as the kangaroo is a national symbol of Australia. However, in recent years, kangaroos have increased in number to around 45 million. These kangaroos wander onto the roads and into cities, making trouble.
But then, how is all this food cooked? Perhaps the favourite way of cooking food in Australia is the barbecue.
| A．Australia is made up of many regions. |
| B．Beyond this, what is Australian cooking? |
| C．Casual friendliness is the key to such meals. |
| D．People need to pay attention to the protection of kangaroos. |
| E．Their increased numbers have also harmed plants and other wildlife. |
| F．Perhaps this is one reason why so many Australians live near the coast. |
| G．It is no wonder that much of Australian cuisine centres around red meat and seafood. |
My friends were surprised when I told them my plan to
My first
| A．High labor costs in America. |
| B．A way of life in America. |
| C．Living conditions in America. |
9 . Six Neanderthals who lived in what is now France were eaten by their fellow Neanderthals some 100,000 years ago, according to fearful evidence of the cannibalistic (食人的) event discovered by scientists in a cave in the 1990s. Now, researchers may have figured out why the Neanderthals, including two children, became victims of cannibalism: Global warming.
While previous studies have examined Neanderthal remains to find proof of cannibalistic behavior, this is the first study to offer clues as to what may have led Neanderthals to become cannibals. Scientists found that rapid changes in local ecosystems as the planet warmed may have wiped out the animal species that Neanderthals ate, forcing them to look elsewhere to fill their stomachs.
The researchers examined a layer of sediment (沉积物) in a cave known as Baume Moula-Guercy, in southeastern France. In that layer, charcoal (碳) and animal bones were so well-preserved that scientists could reconstruct an environmental picture representing 120,000 to 130,000 years ago. They discovered that the climate in the area was likely even warmer than it is today, and that the change from a cold, dry climate to a warmer one happened quickly. “Maybe within a few generations”, study co-author Emmanuel said. As the animals that once populated the landscape disappeared, some Neanderthals ate what they could find — their neighbors.
Cannibalism is by no means unique to Neanderthals, and has been practiced by humans and their relatives “from the early Palaeolithic to the Bronze Age and beyond,” the study authors reported. The behavior adopted by the starving Neanderthals in the Baume Moula-Guercy should therefore not be viewed as “a mark of bestiality (兽性) or sub-humanity”, but as an emergency adaptation to a period of severe environmental stress, according to the study.
1. What does the study mainly focus on?| A．The social behavior of Neanderthals. |
| B．The reason for cannibalism among Neanderthals. |
| C．The climate change in southeastern France. |
| D．The influence of global warming on ancient animals. |
| A．It was no warmer than it is today. |
| B．It was first warm while later cold and dry. |
| C．Its change was mild and went through quite a long process. |
| D．Its change is a chief factor contributing to cannibalism. |
| A．Neanderthals’ cannibalism showed their bestiality. |
| B．Cannibalism was actually a measure the Neanderthals had to adopt to survive. |
| C．Neanderthals’ cannibalism guaranteed their rule over other tribes. |
| D．Only Neanderthals were found to have cannibalism in human history. |
| A．In a science journal. | B．In a travel brochure. |
| C．In a history book. | D．In a geography book. |
10 . More than 2 million immigrants from Africa live in the United States. A new study from the Pew Research Center finds that they are, on average, college-educated and employed. In fact, they are more likely than native-born Americans to have gained advanced degree. And they are employed at about the same rates as the general population.
The study is important for several reasons. It shows that most Africans living in the U.S. are not struggling, out-of-work persons with little schooling. It also shows that the African immigrant population is different in the U.S. than in Europe. In addition, African immigrants in the U.S. are more likely than those in Europe to be working.
Monica Anderson is a researcher at Pew and one of the writers of the report. She told VOA that the research team wanted to compare the backgrounds of African immigrants in the U.S. to those in Europe. "What we found is that the African immigrant population really stands out and that they are a very highly educated group," Anderson said.
The Pew study is based on 2015 data from the U. S. Census Bureau and Eurostat's Labor Force Survey. One reason for different backgrounds among African immigrants is how close things are to each other. Europe is much easier to reach than the U. S. for low-income Africans. They can come by boat or other ways. In contrast, African immigrants coming to the U.S. often have the money to travel by plane as well as permission to enter the country.
But previous research found that higher education and employment levels do not always mean a higher quality of life. In 2015, researchers at Pew looked at black immigrants from Africa, the Caribbean, Central America and South America. They found that their average household income was more than $ 8,000 lower than the U.S. average.
1. What did the researchers intend to do?| A．Compare the backgrounds of African immigrants. |
| B．Find out why African immigrants come to America. |
| C．Get to know how African immigrants make a living. |
| D．Figure out how African immigrants come to America. |
| A．America is richer. | B．America is harder to reach. |
| C．America requires more employees. | D．America values education more. |
| A．They are badly treated. | B．They are looked down upon. |
| C．They live in poor areas. | D．They earn less than the average of Americans. |
| A．African immigrants come to America for different reasons. |
| B．African immigrants in America work harder than other groups. |
| C．African immigrants in America are well-educated and employed. |
| D．African immigrants in America live a better life than other immigrants. |
