2 . 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Celebrities like Olivia Munn are among those     1    have opposed wearing animal fur. Now, San Francisco has become the     2    (large) city in the USA to ban people from selling new fur to their consumers.

The ban is aimed to send     3     strong message to the fur industry that the cruelty these animals endure for the purpose of becoming clothing is not consistent     4    the values of our city.

As we know, West Hollywood became the first city in the United States     5    (forbid) the sale of new fur items in 2011, and Berkeley passed a ban on the sale of fur clothing last year.     6    (actual), in 2000, the UK took action first,     7    (follow ) by Australia in 2004. More recently, the Netherlands, the European Union’s largest producer of fur, banned fur farming in 2012 and plans to end mink farming by 2024. Earlier this month, Norway banned fur farming and     8    (end) fox and mink farming in the following several years.

It     9    (report )that San Francisco’s ban will go into     10    (affect) in 2019. Hopefully, efforts like this will continue to encourage businessmen and customers to stop purchasing real animal fur and, thus, further protect the lives of animals everywhere.

3 . Seattle on Sunday became the first major US city to ban drinking straws(吸管), an environmentally friendly move that leaders hope will spark a nationwide conversation about small, everyday changes that people can make to protect the planet.

A decade ago, the city adopted a law requiring that all one-time-use food-service items be compostable(可分解的) or recyclable. But straws were exempted from that law because there were not many good alternatives. So the straws stayed, along with the environmental problems they cause.

Most plastic straws aren’t heavy enough to make it through industrial recycling sorters, and can ruin an otherwise good load of recycling. Or they end up getting blown out of trash cans and car windows and eventually wind up in the oceans, where they can hurt wildlife.

Strawless Ocean estimates that 71 percent of seabirds and 30 percent of turtles have some kind of plastic in their stomachs. The organization says plastic can increase the death rate of marine life by 50 percent.

Now customers at grocery stores, restaurants, food trucks, even institutional cafeterias have to find another way to get liquid into their mouths. Compostable paper straws are allowed under the ban. People who have a medical need to use a straw are not included. 

Failure to obey may result in a US$250 fine, although city leaders said that the purpose of the law is more about raising awareness. In September, 150 businesses participated in Strawless in Seattle, an attempt to reduce the use of plastic straws. In that month alone, Strawless Ocean estimates, 2.3 million plastic straws were removed from the city.

“When you get your iced drink, you’re going to get a straw. When you get your wine, you’re probably going to get a straw,” said Dune Ives, executive director of the Lonely Whale Foundation, which led the campaign. “Imagine a world where we could stop consuming 500 million straws a day, just in America!” the campaign says. “Imagine a world that is less dependent on plastic. That’s change we can start today!”

1. What does the underlined word “exempted” mean in the second paragraph？

A．To make something out of the list.	B．To make something better than before.
C．To include something in a special list.	D．To forgive someone who makes mistakes.

2. What the problem may the drinking straws cause according to the passage?

A．They may make the trash cans dirty.	B．They may destroy American recycling system.
C．They may cause much ocean wildlife in danger.	D．They may cause many companies get fined.

3. What is the attitude of the public towards the ban?

A．Many people are in favor of it.	B．Many people pay no attention to it.
C．Some people are strongly against it.	D．Only the government workers agree with it.

4. What is the best title for the passage?

A．Seattle becomes first major US city to ban straws.

B．Seattle successfully bans people from using straws.

C．Seattle has been working hard to protect the environment.

D．Imagine a world that is less dependent on plastic.

4 . Requirements for foreigners to be employed in China

In accordance with relevant Chinese laws and regulations, any foreigners seeking employment in China must meet the following conditions:

(1) be 18 years of age or older and in good health;

(2) have the professional skills and job experience required for the intended employment;

(3) have no criminal record;

(4) propose to work for a clearly-defined employer;

(5) have a valid passport or other international travel document in lieu of a passport.

Procedures for foreigners working in China

(1) Foreigners who want to work in China should first get in touch with a valid Chinese employer who has an employment license for foreigners issued by a labor administrative bureau.

(2) Foreigners with permission to work in China should apply for employment visas at the Chinese embassies.

(3) Employers of foreigners should get work permits for their foreign employees within 15 days after their entry into China by providing related documents.

(4) Foreign employees who have received their work permit should, within 30 days after their entry, apply for a residence permit from their local public security bureau. The term of validity of the residence certificate may be determined in accordance with that of the Work Permit. If a foreigner's residence is canceled for violating Chinese laws or the contract is terminated, his or her employment permit will be canceled.

1. The foreigner ________ cannot be employed in China.

A．with a valid passport	B．with criminal record
C．in good health	D．with experiences and skills

2. Where should foreigners apply for employment visas?

A．In the local public bureau	B．In a labor administrative bureau
C．In the security bureau	D．At the Chinese embassies

3. A foreigner’s employment permit will be canceled for ________.

A．violating Chinese laws	B．lack of money
C．staying in China for over five years	D．being short of experience

5 . Parents usually teach their children how to cross the street safely, by looking both ways for cars. But do they also teach them to put away their cell phones?

The city of Honolulu, Hawaii wants everyone to learn that lesson. Texting while crossing the street will soon be banned in the city. Beginning on October 24, you could be fined from $15 to $99 if you step onto a Honolulu street while looking at your phone. Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban what is called "distracted walking". It recently passed a law in a seven-to-two vote. The law says: "No pedestrian shall cross a street or highway while viewing a mobile electronic device(装置).” In other words, do not look at a screen when you cross the street or you could be fined.

The law's creators hope it will lower the number of people hit and killed by cars in the city. Mayor Kirk Caldwell told Reuters news agency, "We hold the unfortunate distinction of being a major city with more pedestrians being hit in crosswalks, particularly our seniors, than that of almost any other cities in the country."

The law includes all electronic devices with screens:cell phones, tablets, gaming devices, digital cameras and laptop computers. The law does permit an exception. Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.

Pedestrian deaths have been increasing as the use of cell phones rises. The Governors Highway Safety Association, or GHSA, says pedestrian deaths in the United States increased by 25 percent between 2010 and 2015. That trend continued in 2016 with the number of pedestrian deaths rising to almost 6,000, 11% higher than that in 2015. Other U. S. cities may follow Honolulu. The State of Washington was the first to outlaw distracted driving back in 2007. Now, 46 other states as well as D. C, Puerto Rico, Guam and the U. S. Virgin Islands, also have laws against texting while driving.

1. What's the passage mainly about?

A．Honolulu will ban distracted walking.

B．Texting while walking draws public attention

C．More cities in the U. S. will ban texting while driving.

D．The number of people killed by cars in Honolulu is increasing.

2. In what case can people use electric devices in Honolulu streets?

A．Walking with police officers.

B．Making urgent calls.

C．Helping rescue workers.

D．Texting to consult about emergency services.

3. What does the author convey in Paragraph 5?

A．Texting while walking should be banned quickly.

B．Distracted walking caused a severe problem in Honolulu.

C．Cell phones led to more and more pedestrian deaths in the U. S.

D．Pedestrian deaths were caused by texting while walking.

4. Which U. S. state was the first to ban texting while driving?

A．Hawaii	B．Washington
C．Puerto Rico	D．Guam

6 . “What kind of rubbish are you?” This question might normally cause anger, but in Shanghai it has brought about weary groans over the past week. On July 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four separate categories and toss it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure compliance（服从）and to inquire into the nature of one’s rubbish.

Violators face the prospect of fines and worse. They could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29). For repeat violators, the city can add black marks to their credit records, making it harder for them to obtain bank loans or even buy train tickets.

Shanghai authorities are responding to an obvious environmental problem. It generates 9 million tons of garbage a year, more than London’s annual output and rising quickly. But like other cities in China, it lacks a recycling system. Instead, it has relied on trash pickers to sift through the waste, plucking out whatever can be reused. This has limits. As people get wealthier, fewer of them want to do such dirty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up. China churns out 80 billion pairs of disposable chopsticks a year.

Many residents appear to support the idea of recycling in general but are frustrated by the details. Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food, recyclable, dry or hazardous（有害的）, the distinctions among which can be confusing, though there are apps to help work it out. Some have complained about the rules surrounding food waste. They must put it straight in the required public bin, forcing them to tear open plastic bags and toss it by hand. Most vexing（令人烦恼的）are the short windows for dumping trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. Along with the monitors at the bins, this means that people go at around the same time and can keep an eye on what is being thrown out; no one wants to look bad.

1. What’s the purpose of the first paragraph?

A．To introduce the trash-sorting regulations.

B．To explain the four categories of the waste.

C．To present residents’ complaints about trash dividing.

D．To show the goal of trash-sorting regulations.

2. What does the underlined word “Violators” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．People who don’t sort the waste.

B．People who argue with the monitors.

C．People who don’t throw the trash on time.

D．People who are against the regulations.

3. What is the main direct environmental problem in Shanghai?

A．The massive traffic.

B．The increasing garbage.

C．Lack of a recycling system.

D．Lack of trash pickers.

4. What makes the residents upset most about the rules?

A．Complex distinction among the four categories of trash.

B．Short scheduled time for tossing the trash.

C．Being observed by monitors when throwing the garbage.

D．Being fined when blamed due to improper behavior.

5. What can be the best title for the text?

A．A Restart of Trash-sorting

B．A Great Change in Tackling Litter

C．A New Era of Garbage Classification

D．A Craze for Learning Waste Sorting

7 . Kentucky Fried Chicken has filed a lawsuit（提起诉讼） against three companies in China， because their social media accounts spread false information about its food， including that its chickens have eight legs． The case comes as the Beijing government holds an activity to clean up rumours （谣言）on social media（媒体）． Internet marketers have been accused （指控） of trying to control online opinions of their customers by posting false information about their competitors．

In an announcement posted on its Chinese website， KFC said one of the best-known false rumours was that chickens used by the company have six wings and eight legs． It is requesting 1.5 million yuan and an official apology from each of three companies． It is also asking for an immediate stop to their activities to hurt it by spreading rumours．

The fried chicken chain is China's biggest restaurant operator and is a kind of fast food for young people in China． It has more than 4， 600 restaurants in the country， and on average， opens a new branch every day． KFC'S China chief executive officer（行政长官）， Qu Cuirong， said that it is difficult for companies to protect their brands（品牌） against rumours because it is hard for them to collect evidence． She added， "The efforts by the government in recent years to purify（净化） the online environment have offered us much more confidence．"

The companies are Shanxi Weilukuang Technology Company， Taiyuan Zero Point Technology Company and Yingchenanzhi Success and Culture Communication in Shenzhen， south-east China． Calls to numbers listed for the companies either rang unanswered or were not available． In fact， authorities（官方） began an activity two years ago to clean up what they called online rumours． Comments in state media have argued that a clean-up is needed．

1. The reason why KFC filed a lawsuit against three Chinese companies is that ______ ．

A．they started an activity to control KFC

B．they spread untrue information about KFC

C．they have been acting against the law

D．they are acting as customers to spread information

2. What can be learned from the second paragraph？ ______ ．

A．KFC uses chickens that have six wings and eight legs

B．Only one rumor about KFC'S chickens has been spread

C．KFC is asking for a large sum of money and an apology

D．The three companies have accepted KFC'S request

3. According to the last paragraph， we know that ______ ．

A．the three companies are in the same province

B．no one in the three companies answered the phone

C．everyone thought that cleaning up the online rumours was necessary

D．nobody has called the three companies

4. Where can we most probably find this text？ ______ ．

A．On a fashion website	B．In a food magazine．
C．On an official poster	D．In a newspaper．

8 . Good afternoon, and welcome to England. We hope that your visit here will be a pleasant one. Today, I would like to draw your attention to a few of our laws.

The first one is about drinking. Now, you may not buy alcohol in this country if you are under 18 years of age, nor may your friends buy it for you.

Secondly, noise, Enjoy yourselves by all means, but please don't make unnecessary noise, particularly at night. We ask you to respect other people who may wish to be quiet.

Thirdly, crossing the road. Be careful. The traffic moves on the left side of the road in this country. Use pedestrian crossings and do not take any risk when crossing the road.

My next point is about litter（throwing away wasted material in a public place）. It is an offence to drop litter in the street. When you have something to throw away, please put it in your pocket and take it home, or put it in a litter bin.

Finally, as regards smoking, it is against the law to buy cigarettes or tobacco if you are under 16 years of age.

I'd like to finish by saying that if you requires any sort of help or assistance, you should get in touch with your local police station, who will be pleased to help you.

Now, are there any questions?

1. The main purpose of this speech would be to ________.

A．prepare people for international travel

B．declare the laws of different countries

C．give advice to travelers to the county

D．inform people of the punishment for breaking laws

2. From the speech we learn that ________.

A．in this country, if you are under 18 years of age, you may not buy alcohol, but your friend can buy it for you.

B．you may not buy cigarettes or tobacco unless you are above 16 years of age

C．because the traffic moves on the right side of the road, you must use pedestrian crossings when crossing the road.

D．you can't make noise except at night.

3. Who do you think is most likely to make the speech?

A．A policeman	B．A lawmaker
C．A teacher	D．A lawyer

9 . BEIJING—Family planning officers will handle the illegal birth case of film director Zhang Yimou by following legal procedures, a government spokesman said on Tuesday, December 10, 2013.
When asked to comment on Zhang’s case at a press conference, Yao Hongwen, spokesman for the National Health and Family Planning Commission(NHFPC), said “Every citizen is equal before the law and nobody is allowed to have privileges(特权) to give birth to more children than allowed.”
Yao’s comment came after media stories claimed that Zhang had remarried and fathered a total of seven children: one with his former wife, three with his present wife, Chen Ting, and another three from two lovers.
“The NHFPC’s attitude towards citizens’ birth violations(违法) is consistent and clear. Every Chinese citizen should obey and safeguard the seriousness of laws and regulations.” NHFPC spokesman Yao Hongwen said.
China’s family planning policy, introduced in the late 1970s to slow down the country’s growing population, limits most urban couples to one child and most rural couples to two. The policy was recently relaxed, allowing couples to have two children if one of them is an only child.
Those who break the policy face severe fines. The amount of the fine is generally several times the yearly annual income of the two spouses(配偶). Some media calculations put the fine that Zhang may face at as much as 160 million yuan(over $26 million).
Zhang’s birth case has caused criticism online about famous people who have more children than the policy allows.
In an open letter on December 1, Zhang admitted that the couple has two sons and daughter and they are willing to accept investigation and punishment according to China’s laws and regulations. He apologized to the public.
However, the letter denied that Zhang had lovers and was father to as many as seven children from various mothers.
Zhang, one of the “fifth generation” of Chinese filmmakers, made his first directorial work in 1987 with “Red Sorghum” and has won a number of award worldwide. He was chief director of the opening and closing ceremonies of the Beijing Olympic Games.
1. The purpose of the news report is to ______________

A．inform us that Zhang’s illegal birth case will be dealt with by the government

B．claim that Zhang Yimou remarried and fathered a total of seven children

C．convince us that Zhang is a famous director and his case will be pardoned

D．confirm that Zhang’s illegal birth case has resulted in lots of criticism online

2. According to Yao Hongwen, which of the following statements is true?

A．Zhang will be fined as much as 160 million yuan for his violations.

B．Few people have the privileges to give birth to more children than allowed.

C．China’s family planning policy has never been relaxed since introduced.

D．Every Chinese citizen should obey and safeguard laws and regulations.

3. Judging from the recent relaxed policy, a couple_______________

A．can give birth to two children if one of them is an only child

B．will definitely be fined if they have two children nowadays

C．can have as many as three children if they live in a rural area

D．can only give birth to two children if they live in an urban area