1 . E-cigarettes Ban:Good news for Tobacco?

The proposed ban on flavored e-cigarettes may drive many Americans back to cigarettes,said Christopher Palmeri and Jeff Green in the Los Ange Times.

Responding to an outbreak of hundreds of serious lung illnesses from vapes(电子烟)that killed a seventh person this week, FDA(食物药品监管局)will outlaw everything but tobacco-flavored-cigarettes, as Michigan and New York state recently did. Flavors like buttered popcorn and mango helped create "an explosion" in teen vaping. But hundreds of thousands of teens already addicted to nicotine-and 9 million adults who vape--may simply replace vaping with tobacco products. By banning favored vapes the government may be "closing the shed door after the horse has gotten out."

Nobody vapes "because the flavor is so amazing," said David Marcus in The Federalist com. That's why the ban is so clueless."If kids want to taste bubble gum,they can buy,you know,bubble gum." Vaping giants like Juul need to be honest about the fact that they’re in the nicotine business, and monitor themselves accordingly. They should spend billions ensuring that stores don’t sell to minors instead of touting the "scientific conclusion"that e-cigarettes are safer than smoking. The burning involved in smoking cigarettes creates tar and a bunch of chemicals not present in e-cigarettes' watery vapor. True, but nicotine is also a dangerous and addictive drug and vaping liquid itself contains chemicals that damage blood vessels(血管)."The idea of safe smoking" is"a lie," and the vaping industry's fruit- and candy-flavored pods" are proof of evil intent."

"The massive increase in teen vapers" is a reasonable concern, said Robert Gebelhoff in Washington Post.com.But the evidence suggests that the lung illnesses that led the government to act were caused by black-market products cut with dangerous substance.Banning favored vapes will only drive more nicotine addicts and teens to the black market,which will be happy to provide fruity pods. Instead of banning flavors, the government "should empower the FDA to fully regulate the industry." That would let science,"not panic,guide our policy."

1. What led to the proposed ban on e-cigarettes?

A．Popular flavors like mango led to teen nicotine addiction.

B．The lack of proper legal supervision in the vaping industry.

C．An increased number of deaths resulting from lung diseases.

D．The sharp increase in the sale of unhealthy tobacco products.

2. What might happen if the ban takes effect?

A．FDA would regulate the tobacco industry more effectively.

B．The vaping industry would be more strictly monitored.

C．The evil intent of the vaping industry would be revealed.

D．The tobacco industry might regain its previous glory.

3. The underlined word "touting"probably means________.

A．Promoting

B．challenging

C．assuming

D．tolerating

4. What is the writer's attitude towards vape ban?

A．Supportive.

B．Disapproving

C．Uninterested

D．Impartial.

2 . The teenage years of an individual is marked by evaluating one's values,experiencing a shift in outlooks,and a tendency to act rebellious. It can also be a time when someone becomes extremely____ to negative influences,and is drawn towards dangerous situations. On the other hand,for parents, the period of their children's adolescence means regularly worrying about their safety and formation as a citizen. Thus, a method of _____teenagers' security is needed, and curfews(宵禁)are often seen as such a measure，since they have proved their ______the same time, certain peculiarities exist about establishing curfews for children.

The issue of teenage curfews is widely debated in the United States, where this method is still rather _____, and in European democracies, where this measure is yet not so widely used .The first and foremost reason for establishing curfews is children's security. ____curfews require teenagers under 17 years to stay out of streets starting from 11p.m.or midnight. This is believed to protect them from crimes committed after nightfall,as well as from breaking the law, and there exists serious evidence _____this belief. For example, when New Orleans enabled a dusk-til-dawn curfew in 1994, the rates of juvenile crime were reported to fall more than 20 percent.Even more impressive _______were recorded in Dallas, which reported a 30-percent decrease in violent juvenile crime,and a 21-percent decrease in the overall rates of crimes committed by young people (The New York Times).

On the other hand, curfews can be seen as a preventive measure that rob young people of their rights,____ their freedom. This opinion is _____ supported by the fact that curfew violations(违规) and the respective charges are among the most often committed juvenile crimes in the United States. _______, there were reports claiming that police arrested more non-white teenagers for curfew violations.All this can cause a teenager to believe they have crossed a psychological line dividing them as criminals; thus,such teenagers may start to see themselves as outlaws, which can _____ committing more serious crimes than a curfew offense.

What is important for a parent to remember when establishing a curfew for their children is that a teenager's misjudged view of certain______may cause them to misbehave in some other way; this is proved by research conducted by the University of Minnesota, according to which teens tend to protest against what they see as _______. Considering this,parents should ______the authoritarian style of establishing curfews; instead, they should have a conversation with their teenager that would be aimed at finding ideal conditions for a curfew that would ______both sides.

1.

A．opposed

B．subjected

C．related

D．restricted

2.

A．improving

B．restoring

C．ensuring

D．expanding

3.

A．principle

B．reference

C．approach

D．efficiency

4.

A．popular

B．absent

C．practical

D．accessible

5.

A．Typical

B．Evident

C．Critical

D．Specific

6.

A．in place of

B．in honor of

C．in case of

D．in favor of

7.

A．results

B．events

C．patterns

D．links

8.

A．protecting

B．acknowledging

C．limiting

D．liberating

9.

A．officially

B．logically

C．particularly

D．physically

10.

A．By contrast

B．In addition

C．In conclusion

D．In general

11.

A．take charge of

B．contribute to

C．result from

D．deal with

12.

A．rules

B．charges

C．crimes

D．relations

13.

A．impolite

B．unrealistic

C．inadequate

D．unfair

14.

A．adopt

B．allow

C．avoid

D．address

15.

A．satisfy

B．spare

C．surround

D．settle

3 . What happens when the right to know comes up against the right not to know? The ease of genetic testing has brought this question to light. Two _______ legal cases－one in Britain, the other in Germany － stand to alter the way medicine is practised.

Both cases involve Huntington’s disease (HD). whose _______ include loss of co-ordination (协调), mood changes and cognitive (认知的) decline. It develops between the ages of 30 and 50, and is eventually fatal. Every child of an _______ parent has a 50% chance of inheriting it.

In the British case, _______ for trial at the High Court in London in November, a woman known as ABC-to protect the _______ of her daughter, who is a minor-is charging a London hospital, St. George’s Healthcare NHS Trust, for not _______ her father’s diagnosis of HD with her. ABC was pregnant at the time of his diagnosis, in 2009. She argues that had she been aware of it, she would have stopped the pregnancy. As it was, she found out only after giving birth to her daughter. She later tested _______ for HD.

The German case is in some ways the mirror image of the British one. Unlike in Britain, in Germany the right not to know genetic information is protected in law. _______ , in 2011 a doctor informed a woman that her divorced husband - the doctor's patient - had tested positive for HD. This meant their two children were _______   the disease. She accused the doctor, who had acted with his patient's permission. Both children being minors at the time, they could not legally be tested for the disease, which, as the woman’s lawyers pointed out, is currently     ________. They argued that she was therefore helpless to act on the information, and ________ suffered a reactive depression that prevented her from working.

Both cases test a legal grey area. If the right to know is ________ recognized in Britain later this year, that may remove some uncertainties, but it will also create new ones. To what lengths should doctors go to track down and inform family members, ________?

It is the law’s job to ________ these rights for the modern age. When the law falls behind technology, somebody often pays the price, and currently that somebody is ________ . As these two cases demonstrate, they find themselves in a difficult situation - charged if they do, accused if they don't.

1.

A．remarkable

B．distinct

C．contrasting

D．dominant

2.

A．consequences

B．symptoms

C．indications

D．diagnoses

3.

A．influenced

B．affected

C．inherited

D．annoyed

4.

A．scheduled

B．determined

C．approved

D．implemented

5.

A．possession

B．status

C．health

D．identity

6.

A．revealing

B．sharing

C．reminding

D．concealing

7.

A．convinced

B．suspicious

C．infected

D．positive

8.

A．Nevertheless

B．Thus

C．Additionally

D．Fundamentally

9.

A．in advance of

B．in the course of

C．at the close of

D．at the risk of

10.

A．inevitable

B．inextinguishable

C．incurable

D．intolerable

11.

A．as a result

B．after all

C．above all

D．in return

12.

A．financially

B．academically

C．legally

D．culturally

13.

A．on occasion

B．by comparison

C．in effect

D．for example

14.

A．reserve

B．balance

C．defend

D．draft

15.

A．lawmakers

B．victims

C．patients

D．doctors