1 . The teenage years of an individual is marked by evaluating one's values,experiencing a shift in outlooks,and a tendency to act rebellious. It can also be a time when someone becomes extremely
The issue of teenage curfews is widely debated in the United States, where this method is still rather
On the other hand, curfews can be seen as a preventive measure that rob young people of their rights,
What is important for a parent to remember when establishing a curfew for their children is that a teenager's misjudged view of certain
A.opposed | B.subjected | C.related | D.restricted |
A.improving | B.restoring | C.ensuring | D.expanding |
A.principle | B.reference | C.approach | D.efficiency |
A.popular | B.absent | C.practical | D.accessible |
A.Typical | B.Evident | C.Critical | D.Specific |
A.in place of | B.in honor of | C.in case of | D.in favor of |
A.results | B.events | C.patterns | D.links |
A.protecting | B.acknowledging | C.limiting | D.liberating |
A.officially | B.logically | C.particularly | D.physically |
A.By contrast | B.In addition | C.In conclusion | D.In general |
A.take charge of | B.contribute to | C.result from | D.deal with |
A.rules | B.charges | C.crimes | D.relations |
A.impolite | B.unrealistic | C.inadequate | D.unfair |
A.adopt | B.allow | C.avoid | D.address |
A.satisfy | B.spare | C.surround | D.settle |
2 . The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeds to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.
Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effects”, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects----a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen---is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.
Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.
Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who "until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient medication to control their pain if that might hasten death."
George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. "It's like surgery, " he says. “We don't call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn't intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you're a physician, you can risk your patient's suicide as long as you don't intend their suicide."
On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.
Just three weeks before the Court's ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end-of-life care.
The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.
Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. “Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering,” to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse.” He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear ... that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension.”
1. From the first three paragraphs, we learn that_____________A.doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients' pain. |
B.it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives. |
C.the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide. |
D.patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide. |
A.Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients' death. |
B.Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery. |
C.The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed. |
D.A doctor's medication is no longer justified by his intentions. |
A.Bold. | B.Harmful. | C.Careless. | D.Desperate. |
A.manage their patients incompetently |
B.give patients more medicine than needed |
C.reduce drug dosages for their patients |
D.prolong the needless suffering of the patients |
3 . In a historic moment on June 26, the US Supreme Court ruled that same-sex marriage is a legal right across all 50 states. The Supreme Court justices ruled states cannot deny gay men and women the same marriage rights. The decision means the 13 states with bans on same-sex marriage are no longer able to enforce them.
Same-sex couples “ask for equal dignity in the eyes of the law”. Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote in the majority opinion: “The Constitution grants them that right.”
The decision came after decades of litigation(诉讼) and activism. It set off celebrations across the US. In affected states including Georgia, Michigan, Ohio and Texas, same-sex couples rushed to wed, while officials in Mississippi and Louisiana said marriages had to wait until procedural issues were addressed, reported the BBC.
According to “The New York Times”, the ruling came against the backdrop of fast-moving changes in public opinion in the US, with polls indicating that most Americans now approve of same-sex marriage.
US President Barack Obama welcomed the ruling, saying it “affirms what millions of Americans already believe in their hearts.” “Today,” he said in a press release, “we can say, in no uncertain terms, that we have made our union a little more perfect.”
Another win.
This was the second time the Supreme Court took up same-sex marriage, according to an article in “Business Insider”. The first time, in June 2013, the court made a decision that allowed the US federal government to recognize same-sex marriages in states where they were already legal.
But at that time, the Supreme Court declined to rule on the broader question about gay marriage: Is there a constitutional(宪法的) right to same-sex marriage? The June 26 ruling gave a positive answer to that question.
Justice Kennedy wrote in the majority opinion that the Constitution should evolve with societal changes.
“The nature of injustice is that we may not always see it in our own times,” he wrote. “The generations that wrote and ratified the “Bill of Rights” and the “Fourteenth Amendment(修正案)” did not exactly know the extent of freedom in all of its dimensions, and so they hoped the future generations can protect the right of all persons to enjoy liberty as we learn its meaning.”
The Fourteenth Amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the law. In the June 26 ruling, the Supreme Court declared that the equal protection clause of the amendment requires marriage rights be extended to same-sex couples, too.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A.The majority of Americans now object to same-sex marriage. |
B.Gay men and women did not care about the ruling. |
C.All the US states did not ban same-sex marriage before the ruling. |
D.The US president believes the country will be less perfect after the ruling. |
A.before June 26, most Americans have doubt about same-sex marriage. |
B.this is the first time the Americans have got the same-sex marriage right. |
C.thanks to the amendment, all the Same-sex couples can get married immediately. |
D.Americans struggled for decades to win the same-sex right. |
A.The author thinks that it is unfair for same-sex marriage not to have the marriage right. |
B.The author wants to show that it is difficult for same-sex marriage couple to get the right. |
C.The author thinks that in our own times we can not see the justice. |
D.The author shows his dissatisfaction with the delayed approval of the legal same-sex marriage. |