1 . The teenage years of an individual is marked by evaluating one's values,experiencing a shift in outlooks,and a tendency to act rebellious. It can also be a time when someone becomes extremely____ to negative influences,and is drawn towards dangerous situations. On the other hand,for parents, the period of their children's adolescence means regularly worrying about their safety and formation as a citizen. Thus, a method of _____teenagers' security is needed, and curfews(宵禁)are often seen as such a measure，since they have proved their ______the same time, certain peculiarities exist about establishing curfews for children.

The issue of teenage curfews is widely debated in the United States, where this method is still rather _____, and in European democracies, where this measure is yet not so widely used .The first and foremost reason for establishing curfews is children's security. ____curfews require teenagers under 17 years to stay out of streets starting from 11p.m.or midnight. This is believed to protect them from crimes committed after nightfall,as well as from breaking the law, and there exists serious evidence _____this belief. For example, when New Orleans enabled a dusk-til-dawn curfew in 1994, the rates of juvenile crime were reported to fall more than 20 percent.Even more impressive _______were recorded in Dallas, which reported a 30-percent decrease in violent juvenile crime,and a 21-percent decrease in the overall rates of crimes committed by young people (The New York Times).

On the other hand, curfews can be seen as a preventive measure that rob young people of their rights,____ their freedom. This opinion is _____ supported by the fact that curfew violations(违规) and the respective charges are among the most often committed juvenile crimes in the United States. _______, there were reports claiming that police arrested more non-white teenagers for curfew violations.All this can cause a teenager to believe they have crossed a psychological line dividing them as criminals; thus,such teenagers may start to see themselves as outlaws, which can _____ committing more serious crimes than a curfew offense.

What is important for a parent to remember when establishing a curfew for their children is that a teenager's misjudged view of certain______may cause them to misbehave in some other way; this is proved by research conducted by the University of Minnesota, according to which teens tend to protest against what they see as _______. Considering this,parents should ______the authoritarian style of establishing curfews; instead, they should have a conversation with their teenager that would be aimed at finding ideal conditions for a curfew that would ______both sides.

2 . If you look Chinese and speak Mandarin, you can call for a ride in Vancouver via WeChat, a Chinese app. The drivers normally call back to________the order, says Daniel Merkin, who lives in the Canadian city. “Sometimes they’ll ________ on me when they realize I don’t speak Mandarin,” he says. But he keeps ________, because popular ride-hailing (网约车) services, like Uber(优步) , are not available. The Chinese service is not legal, but it is ________. Mr. Merkin hopes that his ________ will soon expand.

In July the province of British Columbia, which licenses drivers, said it would allow the big ride-hailing services ________. But British Columbia has made their entry ________ by requiring drivers to hold commercial licenses. The government has reason to be ________. In many cities where ride-hailing has __________, traffic jam has worsened and use of public transport has ________.

However, Andrew Curran, head of policy at TransLink, the city’s public-transport system, believes ride-hailing could ________ use of public transport by ferrying people from their houses to a bus or train stop. It could also improve transport for people with ________. Currently, Trans-Link hires taxis to give door-to-door rides to some disabled people. He says the commercial-license rule will   slow down the services’ growth and ________ taxi-drivers, ride-hailing’s fiercest ________.

But the commercial-license requirement could have the ________ effect. Analysts think it will ________ most drivers and reduce the number of drivers ________ to pick up passengers in distant suburbs. ________, they will gather in the center. Some of Uber’s future competitors say they are not ________. A driver, who offers rides in his Mercedes SUV to people who hire him via Wechat, thinks his customers will stay ________. He predicts ride-hailing will just slow their journeys down.

3 . What happens when the right to know comes up against the right not to know? The ease of genetic testing has brought this question to light. Two _______ legal cases－one in Britain, the other in Germany － stand to alter the way medicine is practised.

Both cases involve Huntington’s disease (HD). whose _______ include loss of co-ordination (协调), mood changes and cognitive (认知的) decline. It develops between the ages of 30 and 50, and is eventually fatal. Every child of an _______ parent has a 50% chance of inheriting it.

In the British case, _______ for trial at the High Court in London in November, a woman known as ABC-to protect the _______ of her daughter, who is a minor-is charging a London hospital, St. George’s Healthcare NHS Trust, for not _______ her father’s diagnosis of HD with her. ABC was pregnant at the time of his diagnosis, in 2009. She argues that had she been aware of it, she would have stopped the pregnancy. As it was, she found out only after giving birth to her daughter. She later tested _______ for HD.

The German case is in some ways the mirror image of the British one. Unlike in Britain, in Germany the right not to know genetic information is protected in law. _______ , in 2011 a doctor informed a woman that her divorced husband - the doctor's patient - had tested positive for HD. This meant their two children were _______   the disease. She accused the doctor, who had acted with his patient's permission. Both children being minors at the time, they could not legally be tested for the disease, which, as the woman’s lawyers pointed out, is currently     ________. They argued that she was therefore helpless to act on the information, and ________ suffered a reactive depression that prevented her from working.

Both cases test a legal grey area. If the right to know is ________ recognized in Britain later this year, that may remove some uncertainties, but it will also create new ones. To what lengths should doctors go to track down and inform family members, ________?

It is the law’s job to ________ these rights for the modern age. When the law falls behind technology, somebody often pays the price, and currently that somebody is ________ . As these two cases demonstrate, they find themselves in a difficult situation - charged if they do, accused if they don't.

4 . Shanghai’s Metro operators are fed up with passengers eating food on the go and they want the practice gone. They’re responding to the ______ complaints made by other passengers who dislike the smell of food in the trains and the mess that’s often ______. Now, lawmakers are considering a ______ on all food and drink on the Metro that could ______ by the end of the year.

According to Ding Wei of the Shanghai government, 80 percent of people surveyed ______ the ban and he says, “It is necessary to ban eating and drinking on trains to ______ the smooth operation.” Ding admits, ______, that there is some opposition to the ban and some questions ______ how it could be enforced.

Should bottled water be banned? How about snacks for people who have low blood sugar and need to keep their blood sugar ______? Or, what about children eating their breakfast on the way to school? And what’s to be done with all those vending machines on the platforms which ______ eating by selling snacks and drinks?

These are questions that have to be dealt with, but subway systems in other cities have introduced eating bans ______. Singapore and Hong Kong are food free. Toronto has a ban against “pungent(刺鼻的)” foods on its system. And New York was pressed to introduce a ban after an infamous food fight in 2011. A woman was eating spaghetti on the train and when people complained of the mess and the smell, she started throwing the spaghetti at them! She was later ______ for causing a public disturbance.

As it stands now, the proposed law in Shanghai says first offenders will be given a warning and ______ offenders will be fined between 50 and 500 yuan.

Ultimately, though, the success of the ban will depend on people believing that it’s in their best ______, that riding on a clean, relatively odor free, subway is good for everyone and that selfish behavior won’t be tolerated. And is it really too much to ask hungry riders to curb their appetites until they arrive at their destination? It’s the Metro, ______, not a restaurant on wheels!

5 . We all know that some things are obviously right. For example, it is right to be _______ to other people. It is also right to look after the environment. Some things are_______ wrong, too. For instance, we should not hurt or bully (欺负) others, nor should we litter. Rules often tell us what is right or wrong.

Rules can help the public make the right _______, and remain safe. Car drivers have to obey traffic regulations that tell them the right things to do on the road to avoid crashes. Cyclists who give signals before turning or stopping help prevent_______.

If people follow rules without taking other matters into consideration, it will be _______for them to form what is sometimes called a “black and white” view. For example, they may believe that people should always tell the truth, and that lying is_______ acceptable. Such people always stick to their views, even if it means that they may get into_______.

Sometimes it may not be so easy to know_______what is right or wrong. Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is _______ to eat animals, but others argue that they can eat meat and ________ be kind to animals; some insist that stealing is always wrong, but others think that one does not need to feel to________ when stealing some food to eat, if lives in a really poor area and he is________ . Rules help us live together in harmony, because they show us the right way to________ other. However, some people argue that rules may be ________, having observed that rules change all the time, and that some schools have some regulations and other have different ones — so who is to ________what is right?