A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE
Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914. Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day and it was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions. Below are some of Blackborow’s diary entries.
31 Oct 1914
… Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton — this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of. And I was ready for it. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour. However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified. But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard. Unfortunately, three days after we set off I was discovered. Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job, but only after he promised me, “If anyone has to be eaten, then you will be the first!” He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day.
How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
21 Nov 1915
The journey has not been easy. Endurance became stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica. The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck! We saw the ship get crushed by the ice. And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it.
Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies — the small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and blankets. This was no time to panic. We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo. Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up.
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.
20 May 1916
We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse. We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable place. Soon after we arrived, Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island, 1,320 kilometres away — the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats. If Shackleton fails, will we have any hope of rescue? No. No navy in the world ever stops at Elephant Island, and no one else knows that we are here.
I feel low. It’s cold and windy. The island has no plants. Sometimes we are able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat. Otherwise, there is no food. I try to think of happier things: decent food, warm and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom, sunny days, and my mother’s face … However, these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air.
I shouted, “Shut the door!”
“Hold on now, Perce. Don’t you go turning into another Tom,” came the reply. “We’ve caught another penguin, so it’s penguin soup tonight!”
Bless Frank Wild, the kindest man there is after our leader, Ernest Shackleton. How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees!
Without Frank and Ernest, we’d all be dead by now. Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance, and their resolve fill me with hope.
Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after all.
1. How did Blackborow come to join the expedition?2. What happened to Endurance? What did the crew members have to do?
3. What did Shackleton do to make sure they could survive?
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【推荐1】After a year at sea, 16-year-old Laura Decker can finally say, “Job pulled off!” Last month, she finished a daring trip around the world aboard her 38-foot boat, Guppy. Decker, who is from the Netherlands, traveled more than 30,000 miles all by herself. She is the youngest person ever to sail around the globe alone.
Decker had wanted to take on this challenge when she was even younger. She first tried to set sail at the age of 13, but a court (法院) in the Netherlands stopped her. They said that she was too young to make such a risky trip by herself. But Decker insisted she had the sailing skills and patience of an adult sailor.
She finally took off on January 20, 2011. During her trip, Decker battled loneliness, storms, and worries about pirates. But she also got to surf, scuba dive, and started a new hobby: playing the flute. Although Decker didn’t spend all of her time at sea — she stopped at ports (港口) along the way — she did spend her 16th birthday on the open ocean. To celebrate, she ate doughnuts for breakfast.
But Decker didn’t sail into the record books. Guinness World Records and the World Sailing Speed Record Council no longer recognize records for “youngest” sailors. They dropped the official recognition in 2009 ta discourage children from trying such dangerous feats (壮举). But that didn’t stop Decker, who was born on a yacht during a seven-year world travel at sea undertaken by her parents.
Decker doesn’t mind that she won’t hold an official record. She says it was a personal goal, and she is happy she achieved it.
“I am not feeling down at all that Guinness World Record won’t recognize my achievement.” Decker wrote on her website. “I did not start on my trip to achieve any record… I did it just for myself.”
1. What does the underlined phrase “pulled off” in Paragraph I mean?A.Failed. | B.Completed. | C.Continued. | D.Started. |
A.Because people were concerned about her safety. |
B.Because she didn’t learn any sailing skills well. |
C.Because she had to continue her study at school. |
D.Because she didn’t have enough patience for long trips. |
A.set a higher sailing standard for teen sailors |
B.stop children entering Guinness World Records |
C.encourage parents to sail with their children |
D.prevent children making dangerous travels |
A.A New Guinness World Record in Sailing |
B.A New Sailing Standard for Teen Sailors |
C.A Teen Girl Sailing Alone Around the World |
D.The Youngest Sailor in Guinness World Records |
【推荐2】At the age of 9, my father passed away. I often helped mum with the housework and changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up always drove me crazy. One day 20 years later, in 1978, I was doing chores at home alongside my wife. The vacuum cleaner was screaming, and worse still, I had to empty the bag several times. But for my wife’s comfort, I would have lost it just as I did many years ago. It was at that time that I decided to make a bagless vacuum cleaner. And I even imagined myself using it for the next weekend cleaning.
Easier said than done, of course. I didn’t realize that I would spend the next five years perfecting my design, a process that resulted in 5,127 different prototypes (设计原型). By the time I made my 15th prototype, my third child was born. By 2,627, my wife and I were really counting our pennies. By 3,727, my wife was giving art lessons for some extra cash, and we were getting further and further into debt. These were tough times, but with my family, I pulled through and each failure brought me closer to solving the problem.
I just had a passion for the vacuum cleaner as a product, but I never thought of going into a business with it. In the early 1980s, I started trying to get licensing agreements (许可协议) for my technology. The reality was very different, however. The major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the profits from bags and filters (滤网). No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business.
That gave me the courage to keep going, but soon after, the companies that I had talked with started making machines like mine. I had to fight legal battles on both sides of the Atlantic to protect the patents on my vacuum cleaner. However, I was still in financial difficulties until 1993, when my bank manager personally persuaded Lloyds Bank to lend me $1 million. Then my bagless vacuum cleaner was produced in large numbers. Within two years, the Dyson vacuum cleaner became a best-seller in Britain.
Today, I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as part of my life. “Go out and brainstorm new ideas.” I often tell myself.
1. From the first paragraph, we know that _____.A.Dyson resolved to make a vacuum cleaner in memory of his father. |
B.Dyson decided to develop an innovative vacuum cleaner for his wife while in his thirties. |
C.Dyson was not a little annoyed when the vacuum cleaner went wrong. |
D.Dyson didn’t lose the vacuum cleaner he used because his wife comforted him. |
A.In the early 1980s. |
B.After his bank manager agreed to lend him $1 million. |
C.After he was given a $1 million loan. |
D.Before he obtained a patent on the product. |
A.Dyson dreamed of making a fortune when he began his invention |
B.Dyson might owe his success to his family |
C.Dyson had no confidence in his vacuum cleaner initially |
D.Dyson’s vacuum cleaner was not licensed in the early 1980’s for its poor quality |
A.More haste, less speed. |
B.Silence is gold. |
C.Without adventure, one can not know himself. |
D.He who never failed might never succeed. |
【推荐3】It's a little hard to figure out the rules for sure but the baby African buffalo (水牛)seems to have the upper hand. The two stand a couple feet apart, staring at each other. Behind them, their mothers look on with the kind of indifference (不关心)of mothers everywhere who see their kids playing a harmless game.
The alarm went off about half an hour ago, the second time tonight. Here,one bell means "elephant ",two "rhino"(犀牛),and three and four,I really can't remember for what,because when you' re awoken by bells in the middle of the night,your first thought won’t be Animal", But as soon as I realized it was the rhino alarm, I was running for the stairs.
Yet I'm the only one watching the animals stare-down. Either nobody else died of a heart attack when the bells went off, or I was the only one in the entire hotel who didn't turn the alarm switch to off before going to bed.
The Ark, a hotel shaped like the biblical ark(圣经的方舟), lies in the highlands of Kenya’s Aberdare National Park, about 100 kilometers north of Nairobi. At the Ark's prow (船首) are huge windows overlooking a waterhole. Earlier tonight,I'd watched a pack of wolves, buffalos and elephants. And now, at Three or so in the mornings I'm down for the round of rhino bells. The first time, 2.5 hours ago, it was a single black rhino, which came down, got a drink, and left.
I'd have been sorry for the lost sleep. I've already arranged with a guide to take me out at sunrise for the so-called "should-never-missed" bird-watching, where well get to see 30 species, but really, how many times in your life will you get to wake up and say,"Wow! Rhino? Isn't that the definition of a pretty good right? Last week we went from Uganda into Kenya,Before I left home, I thought I'd be happy with ten elephants and five or six giraffes on the whole trip.I didn't dare to dream the rhino.
1. The message that the hotel's bells sent was .A.a very wise way the author had never heard of |
B.hard for the author to remember in detail |
C.a matter that all visitors had got used to |
D.like conditioned response training for animals |
A.It's bothering but two bells are welcome. |
B.It should be turned off whenever it rings, |
C.Its visitors have a chance to see buffalos. |
D.It is a very bad way to wake the guests up. |
A.died unexpectedly |
B.felt extremely excited |
C.felt very uncomfortable and tired |
D.suffered from a terrible heart attack |
A.Two buffalos were fighting fiercely for food, |
B.A rhino and a buffalo were fighting for water. |
C.A rhino and a buffalo were staring at each other. |
D.A buffalo was teaching its baby to walk freely. |
【推荐1】Picture a young Chinese woman in a field, dressed in traditional hemp (麻布) clothing, as she picks flowers to create makeup for her cheeks. Imagine the same person making a bamboo sofa, making soy sauce and cooking all sorts of delicious dishes.
It may sound hard to believe, but such a person exists in modern China, and her name is Li Ziqi. On Dec. 14, 2019 she won the Person of the Year in the category of cultural influence awarded by China Newsweek.
With a fan base of more than 27 million people on Sina Weibo and over 10 million followers on the video-sharing site YouTube, Li has made a name for herself in a series of videos that show off a pre-industrial Chinese way of life in rural Sichuan province. “I want to do my part to let more people know about Chinese culture,” the blogger told the reporter. “Much of the popularity of my videos owes to the attraction of Chinese culture.”
Li seems to be a master of all kinds of skills—cooking, painting, design and farming. She raises silkworms to sew a quilt for her grandmother and grows plants. Many videos show her picking seasonal ingredients from her own garden and cooking them up with her wood-fired wok. A warm bowl of soup for the winter, a lighter plate of noodles for the summer, Li follows the seasons in her cooking, as China’s traditional 24 solar terms also do, and makes food suitable for the particular climate.
“She told the stories of Chinese culture and those of China,” the official Sina Weibo account of China Central Television noted. The success of Li Ziqi also comes from her “passion for life, for her home and for her culture”. Indeed, Li’s simple pleasures amaze people living in the hustle and bustle of big cities. “She leads a life that many dream of, but don’t dare to give up their current life in exchange for,” iFeng.com wrote. Her handmade lifestyle is a fantasy for many. “In today’s society, many feel stressed,” she told the South China Morning Post. “When they watch my videos at the end of a busy day, I want them to relax and experience something nice, to take away some of their anxiety and stress.”
1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Li Ziqi enjoys 10 million followers on Twitter. |
B.Li Ziqi won the Person of the Year awarded by Chinese government. |
C.Li makes suitable food to follow the changes of climate. |
D.Li’s videos can’t bring pleasure to people in big cities. |
A.Her love for Chinese culture. |
B.Her confidence in Chinese culture. |
C.The attraction of her videos. |
D.Her excellent ability to make handicrafts. |
A.Noisy and stressful. |
B.Busy but relaxing. |
C.Fantastic and enjoyable. |
D.Quiet and comfortable. |
A.Life in the countryside is more challenging than that in big cities. |
B.Traditional wisdom is by no means outdated. |
C.Peace in mind makes life happier and easier. |
D.Learning how to cook seasonally is essential for survival in the countryside. |
【推荐2】Wearing high heels, straight-backed, four “chic grandmas” with an average age of more than 68, can still walk the walk with a fashionable international swagger on the T stage. But these are not trained models. They are, in fact, ordinary retirees. They all share a love for fashion, but their backgrounds could hardly be more different.
Sang Xiuzhu,77, used to be an engineer. After retiring at the age of 62, she joined a senior model team in Beijing. Later, she was invited to participate in Beijing International Fashion Week, Paris Fashion Week and her new career just grew. She is so occupied that she really has no time to think about aging. For her, the stage she loves and pours her blood into is her future.
Likewise, Guo Lirong, 62, was a police officer before retirement. When she was at a friend’s house by chance, she was asked to be a model. So she studied modeling for three years, from elementary to advanced classes. In the early days of retirement Guo finished shopping in the morning, made lunch, and started playing mahjong at 1:30pm. Now, her hobbies are walking with attitude down the catwalks and filming short videos.
Cheng Derong is 72. She worked as an accountant before retirement. She has loved literature and art since she was a child. But her job took up all her time. The opportunity to stay on stage seemed to have gone but her love for literature and art has never decreased.
Tang Ai’ai, 62, was a civil servant before retirement. After retirement,she participated in various activities, such as yoga, Latin dance and conquering catwalks.Tang suggested that after retirement, people should deal with the transition period, and they should have their own hobbies and enjoy life. As long as the heart is not old,life is always sweet.
The four “chic grandmas” are full of enthusiasm for new things and digital life, and they live to learn. This kind of enthusiasm that is rooted in their original aspirations fills them with energy.
1. What do the four “chic grandmas” have in common?A.They are professional models. |
B.They were engineers before retirement. |
C.They have a passion for fashion. |
D.They participated in Paris Fashion Week. |
A.She studied modeling for three years. |
B.She happened to be asked to be a model at a friend’s house. |
C.She likes walking down the catwalks and filming short videos. |
D.She has loved literature and art since she was a child. |
A.A period when life is nothing but sweet. |
B.A period when you have lost your job. |
C.A period when you participate in various activities. |
D.A period when you have just retired and have to adapt to the new life. |
A.There is no age limit, and what counts is an enthusiastic attitude to life. |
B.Women should try modeling even if they are old. |
C.Women deserve the same rights as men. |
D.Women have a desire for beauty and fashion no matter how old they are. |
【推荐3】Ask many actors and they will tell you it is hard to get work when you are just starting out and as you get older. However, it has not been the case for American musical (音乐剧) actress Susan Watson.
In 1958, at the age of 20, Watson was offered a part in the musical, West Side Story, in London. At that time, she was still a student at New York City’s Juilliard School for musicians, dancers and actors. More than 50 years later, she was offered another part. Watson took an important role in a remake of the musical, Follies, at the Kennedy Center in Washington and the Marquis Theatre in New York City. In both cases, the offers came from musical theater legend Stephen Sondheim. He wrote the lyrics for West Side Story and the music and lyrics for Follies.
As a teenager, Watson developed her dancing, singing and acting skills in her hometown of Tulsa, Oklahoma. She traveled to study at New York City’s Juilliard School before Sondheim interrupted her studies with the offer of a part in West Side Story. The awardwinning musical, based on William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, tells a story of the struggles of immigrants (移民) in New York City. In the following two decades, Watson had starring roles in such wellknown musicals as The Fantasticks, Bye Bye Birdie, Carnival, Celebration and No, No, Nanette.
Musicals are an American invention. They tell stories through many art forms: spoken words, songs, acting and dances. “Music adds an important emotional element, making an interesting story even more powerful,” Watson said.
At age 78, Watson now lives in California, but she has not stopped performing. She just released a new album called The Music Never Ends. She is excited that six of the 14 songs on her new album were written by “empowered (获得授权的) women”, including Nancy Ford and Gretchen Cryer. She says her new musical record is selling “very well” partly because people do not have to go to a store to buy it. They can buy it online, like almost any other product.
1. What does the author mean by saying that it has not been the case for Susan Watson?A.She didn’t retire after she got old. |
B.She started out as an actress early. |
C.She became an actress by chance. |
D.She doesn’t have trouble in getting work. |
A.She received a very important offer. |
B.She developed her dancing and singing skills. |
C.She asked Stephen Sondheim for an opportunity. |
D.She starred in William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. |
A.West Side Story. | B.Follies. |
C.The Fantasticks. | D.Celebration. |
A.It is sold nationwide in stores. |
B.It’s convenient for people to buy it. |
C.She is a very famous musical actress. |
D.Many empowered women wrote the songs in it. |