名校
1 . 三角函数的定义是:在单位圆C:
中,作一过圆心的射线与单位圆交于点P,自x轴正半轴开始逆时针旋转到达该射线时转过的角大小为θ,则P点坐标为
,转动中扫过的圆心角为θ的扇形,由圆弧面积公式和弧度角的定义,可知面积
.类似地对于双曲三角函数有这样的定义:在单位双曲线E:
中,过原点作一射线交右支于点P,该射线和x轴及双曲线围成的曲边三角形面积是
,双曲角
,则P的坐标是
.其中,
称为双曲余弦函数,
称为双曲正弦函数同样,有类似定义双曲正切函数
双曲余切函数
且有如下关系式:
,![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4d279cc5e9f902480c9a0ea810cf9d3a.png)
,
的初等函数表达式.
(Ⅰ)双曲三角函数有如下和差公式,请任选其一进行证明:
①
;
②
;
(Ⅱ)①求函数
在R上的值域;
②若对
,关于x的方程
有解,求实数a的取值范围.
类似三角函数的反函数,试研究双曲三角函数的反函数artanhx,arcothx.
(2)①证明:![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/35b450e870513b9cf6021b6416959224.png)
②已知
的级数展开式为
,写出
的级数展开式.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f240cccaf24af8a796abb95cb42be52e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5b93ac1e1087ef8a7827e22983ab895f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/33074bee68ff41ba4c6b675578f19957.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4e1fa37c4c826b5dcfebe86ab6177906.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/050c00da6d39ad0fae411836b0a26979.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15cd370bd2337b78fe820b7b61438c93.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de2dc9ac6460d3c72e915e93b9f16d08.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6e7c627427318b62d977ff7a86c2cb5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a53b8e0108664bf39aa302570457199a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7e1fe4e3a61667cfe81973a300859f97.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6a252d4a56c74a8829afb1fccbe09d81.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0961cbc097652b999cd4106c671e4cd1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4d279cc5e9f902480c9a0ea810cf9d3a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a53b8e0108664bf39aa302570457199a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6e7c627427318b62d977ff7a86c2cb5.png)
(Ⅰ)双曲三角函数有如下和差公式,请任选其一进行证明:
①
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1079114cdde9367a22632b0165f1a1a8.png)
②
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3510bba38a7f232cc4d9e437e78f5b6a.png)
(Ⅱ)①求函数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e154c56d574646a2a541a3fe70c6307b.png)
②若对
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/32f2372e3d0c3de8f5f0579312efe38b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/937c47cddd4b31aeacfad8f81705b827.png)
类似三角函数的反函数,试研究双曲三角函数的反函数artanhx,arcothx.
(2)①证明:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/35b450e870513b9cf6021b6416959224.png)
②已知
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/802ae3e64c0bb802cc83bf3cf81bfe49.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac1bbb717893d3adb6ce58b3a99bc257.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cc0593e23740ebd0cd068a2eadf059e3.png)
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解题方法
2 . 如图,沈阳东塔桥是沈阳唯一一座“双塔钢结构自锚式悬索桥”,悬索的形状是平面几何中的悬链线,悬链线方程为
(
为参数,
),当
时,该方程就是双曲余弦函数
,类似的有双曲正弦函数
.
;
(2)当
时,求
的最小值
;
(3)设
,证明:
有唯一的正零点
,并比较
和
的大小.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6bcee592f27561a08c5382ae859f1895.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/071a7e733d466949ac935b4b8ee8d183.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0b7ca7aa39924a7b0e9553eb841cadd1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4580cc037c0c760c728cdbb74a8154c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/174887c6a781255eb8eda6f5c92c438e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9dd11c9bd4cb5ac688ea801dec1b0153.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d0a59cab56922cffd14358d2f48d1e00.png)
(2)当
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/25fc54e432fbe61c86401a76b4f1fe8b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/50eeae6b06ff0f6cb7caabefdee109f6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eb708adff55a5bda517c3f570f06584c.png)
(3)设
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7598b54c2ae46e8d8397ad3ef12e4b74.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/be1ce3f01e2b6364f9a9fdaf197d5e29.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/79b752f0f189e5d8666daea73e145dff.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/79b752f0f189e5d8666daea73e145dff.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c2c5690823d3da4dfdb815576ca0a5d4.png)
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