解题方法
1 . 球面几何在研究球体定位等问题有重要的基础作用.球面上的线是弯曲的,不存在直线,连接球面上任意两点有无数条曲线,它们长短不一,其中这两点在球面上的最短路径的长度称为两点间的球面距离.
纬线,赤道以北叫做北纬.如图1,将地球看作球体,假设地球半径为
,球心为
,北纬
的纬线所形成的圆设为圆
,且
是圆
的直径,球面被经过球心
和点
,
的平面截得的圆设为圆
,求圆
中劣弧
的长度,并判断其是否是
,
两点间的球面距离(只需判断、无需证明).
(2)如图2,点
,
在球心为
的球面上,且
不是球的直径,试问
,
两点间的球面距离所在的圆弧
是否与球心
共面?若是,写出证明过程,并求出当
,
时,
,
两点间球面距离所在的圆弧
与球心
所形成的扇形
的面积;若不是,请说明理由.
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(2)如图2,点
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![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
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![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6c880639a6164aa127cf38b63aebde50.png)
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