1 . It’s a sunny afternoon, and my wife Barbara is at the park again, counting and recording the number of eggs laid by monarch butterflies.     1     Nobody is Paying Barbara, but she considers herself lucky to be a “Citizen Scientist”.

When volunteers participate as assistants in activities like these, they are engaging in citizen science, a valuable research technique.     2     Some of them are science teachers or students, but most are simply amateurs who enjoy spending time in nature. They also take pride in aiding scientists and indirectly helping to protect the environment. The movement they are involved in is not a new one.     3     One of the earliest projects of this type is the Christmas Bird Count, started by the National Audubon Society in 1900. And citizen science projects are developing more than ever.

In formal studies, Professional scientists and other experts need to maintain the highest possible standards.     4     Some might argue that citizen scientists cannot maintain the necessary attention to detail, or that amateurs will misunderstand the context of the investigation and make mistake when collecting and organizing. In other words, can citizen science be considered truly reliable?

    5     The first focused on volunteer knowledge and skills. In this study, a scientist asked volunteers to identify types of crabs. He found that almost all adult volunteers could perform the task well. The second study compared professional and non-professional methods. Both proved successful. Results like these suggest that research assisted by amateurs can be trusted when scientists organize it.

A．Two recent studies show that it can.

B．In fact, its roots go back over a hundred years.

C．It invites the public to assist in gathering information.

D．The best citizen science projects are win-win situations.

E．She was awarded the “Citizen Scientist“ which is a great honor.

F．Their research must not only be thorough, but also objective and accurate.

G．After collecting her data, she’ll share it with the professional scientist who hired her.

2 . Gilliam was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, in 1933 as the seventh child of eight to a father who worked on the railroad and a homemaking mother. He attended the University of Louisville for both bachelor’s and master’s degrees, but in 1962 moved to Washington, D.C., where he lived and had his studio (工作室) for the rest of his life. He became one of the leading artists of the Washington Color School—a 1950s movement that attached great importance to large fields of color.

He was very interested in freeing his paintings from the limit of canvases (画布) and frames. Instead, in his Drape works of the 1960s, he took unstretched canvases and hung them from ceilings or pinned them in great waterfalls to walls. Each time his work—part painting, part sculpture-was shown in an exhibition, it hung differently, never the same way twice.

In a 2018Morning Edition profile, Gilliam explained that the intention behind his Drape work was “to develop the idea of movement into shapes”—and that he was inspired by laundry (洗衣店) hanging from a clothesline.

His work is represented in the collections of some of the world’s most celebrated museums, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Museum of Modern Art in New York; the Art Institute of Chicago; the Tate Modern in London; and the Musée d’Art Moderne in Paris. In 2015, he was awarded the U.S. State Department’s Medal of Arts Lifetime Achievement Award.

In the 2018 Morning Edition profile, the then 84-year-old Gilliam said that he felt that he was in his prime, despite health challenges. “I’ve never felt better in my life. I stopped drinking, I stopped smoking. I live for this period of being in the studio and actually working.”

1. What do we know about Gilliam?

A．He leads a 1950s movement.

B．He stresses the large areas of color.

C．He has a deep interest in the canvas.

D．He likes to exhibit his paintings himself.

2. What causes Gilliam to hang his paintings unusually?

A．A detail in daily life.

B．His strange imagination.

C．His attention to paintings.

D．An idea of movement.

3. What can we infer about Gilliam in the last paragraph?

A．He feels bad in his life.

B．He loves painting deeply.

C．He makes a living by painting.

D．Smoking and drinking are his favorite.

4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A．Entertainment.

B．Health.

C．History.

D．Culture.

3 . 阅读下面文本，并从每段文本方框的单词或短语中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

A．delivered        B．mental          C．recommended          D．restrictions E．spiritual          F．tendency       G．unbearable

By the time Helen Keller was seven years old, she still couldn’t speak, read or write and needed to have everything done for her. This was because she couldn’t see or hear. With these severe     1     to her communication, Helen’s behaviour was often     2    . She was sometimes troublesome, stubborn and angry, and had a     3     to break things when no one understood her.

Helen’s parents got a superb teacher     4     to them, a woman named Anne Sullivan. Anne spelt words by writing on Helen’s hand so that Helen could get a     5     picture of the words. In this way, Helen got the world of words opened up to her.

4 . The Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded to the novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah, for his concern for refugees (难民) between cultures and continents. Gurnah, 72, is the first black writer to receive the prize since Toni Morrison in 1993, and some observers saw his selection as a corrective after years of European and American Nobel winners.

Growing up in Zanzibar, Abdulrazak Gurnah never considered the possibility that he might one day be a writer. “It never occurred to me,” he said in an interview. Then, in 1964, a violent protest forced Gurnah, when he was 18, to escape to England. Poor and homesick,he began to write something about home in his diary, then longer passages, then stories about other people. Those reflections, the habit of writing to understand and document his own lives, eventually gave rise to his first novel, then nine more. They include Memory of Departure, Pilgrims Way and Dottie, which all deal with the immigrant experience in Britain; Paradise shortlisted for the Booker Prize in 1994, about a boy in an East African country hurt by colonialism; and Admiring Silence，about a young man who leaves Zanzibar for England, where he marries and becomes a teacher.

The news of Gurnah’s Nobel was celebrated by fellow novelists and academics who have long argued that his work deserves a wider audience. His longtime editor, Alexandra Pringle at Bloomsbury, said Gurnah’s win was “most deserved” for a writer. “He is one of the greatest living African writers, and no one has ever taken any notice of him and it’s just killed me. I posted a video on the social network last week and in it I said that he was one of the people that had been just ignored. And now this has happened,” she said.

1. What inspired Abdulrazak to write?

A．His good education background.

B．The stories he read about other people.

C．A protest led by people in his hometown.

D．His suffering when he first came to England.

2. What did Alexandra Pringle’s words indicate?

A．African writers should be valued more.

B．She would rather die than see him become famous.

C．Gurnah’s books have aroused little attention online.

D．Gurnah’s writing talent should be known to more people.

3. Where is this text most likely from?

A．A novel.

B．A diary.

C．A newspaper.

D．A brochure.

5 . Anne Lacaton and Jean-Phippe Vassal, this year’s Pritzker Prize winners, were as surprised as anyone else when the most famous award in architecture was made public yesterday.

“Of course it’s very pleasant, and we are very pleased,”Lacaton said at a conference with her partner, both smiling broadly from their black eyeglasses.

Putting aside their eyeglasses, Lacaton and Vassal could not be more different from an earlier generation of Pritzker winners, known for their easily recognizable styles and grand work. Instead, the two apply their simple guideline to their work on old urban buildings for low-income families: Never destroy, never remove or replace, always add, transform, and reuse!

When Lacaton and Vassal were asked to redesign a particularly large and over-crowded public housing block in Bordeaux in 2017, the residents (居民) told them they could not afford to move, even temporarily, but they wanted bigger units. Their solution was to replace the folding wooden front door with sliding glass door to each unit and painted the ugly walls with something bright. Suddenly, everyone had roomy outdoor space, some of which could be used during the winter as “winter gardens.”

“So, people can not only get sun and light and spend time with family, but it’s also open to neighbors,” Columbia University architecture professor Mabel Wilson.“I would love to live in one of the apartments t they’ve redesigned.”

Their approach of cheap and creative re-adaption could be a model for urban planning in the US, Wilson adds, where destruction has been seen as a solution to old public housing in such cities as Chicago and St. Louis.

There’s a lot of violence in architecture and urbanism. We try to be precise. We try to work with kindness,” Lacaton once explained.“Buildings are beautiful when people feel well in them, when the light inside is beautiful and the air is pleasant, when the exchange with the outside seems easy and gentle, and when uses and sensations are unexpected,”

Lacaton and Vassal started their firm in Paris in 1987. Together, they worked primarily in France.

1. Why are Lacaton’s and Vassal’s eyeglasses mentioned in paragraph 3?

A．To draw readers attention to their unusual color.

B．To show that Pritzker Prize winners need eyeglasses.

C．To tell us how surprised and happy they are for the prize

D．To stress their only possible similarity with other Pritzker winners.

2. What did Lacaton and Vassal do in the Bordeaux public housing project?

A．They built winter gardens in the outdoor space.

B．They destroyed the walls to provide more space.

C．They just changed the doors and repainted the walls.

D．They provided bigger temporary rooms for the residents.

3. What have Lacaton and Vassal most probably done to win the Pritzker Prize?

A．They have built many public houses with unique styles.

B．They have designed various famous buildings in the world.

C．They have provided free services for poor families in the US.

D．They have tried to transform old urban buildings with kindness.

4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A．Architecture.

B．Environment.

C．Lifestyle.

D．Politics.

6 . “My ocean is my life.”These are the powerful words of Andre Miller, a marine (海洋的) scientist. He is also the owner of a dive shop that places heavy upon the exploration and conservation of his hometown’s waters.

As a young child, Andre would be fascinated by tales of the sea told by his dad who was a fisherman. When he was six years old, his mum gave him his first equipment of diving. Then, Andre spent his time diving. Andre interned (实习) at a dive shop. With this training, the young diver was able to see new depths. But unfortunately, he saw much damage.

After finishing his studies in marine biology, Andre got to work as a member of the Coastal Zone Management Unit. It was here that once again he was horrified by the rapid decline of the numbers of sea creatures and the negative effects of poor boating practices which caused havoc to the island ‘s coral(珊瑚). Therefore, the first mission of Andre’ s team was to repair destroyed reefs and save coral. And they have been very successful in their efforts.

One of Andre’s perfect moments was his role in the creation of the Carlisle Bay Marine Park. The park has now become the premier dive site in his hometown. Andre describes it as “the best textbook example of how marine parks can benefit the islands”

In 2016, Andre further promised his support of the conservation of Carlisle Bay through his work with other projects. Through their work, Andre ‘s hometown has seen an increase in underwater clean-ups, which has made marine life increase greatly. Andre’ s contagious (有感染力的) passion for marine conservation doesn’t end here. He is always searching for more. Andre Miller is a man on a mission.

1. What made Andre interested in marine life when he was young?

A．The internship at a dive shop.

B．The tales of the sea from his father.

C．The participation in a class about marine life.

D．The information from the textbooks and the Internet.

2. What does the underlined word “havoc“ in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．Damage.

B．Harmony.

C．Increase.

D．Mess.

3. What’s the author’s attitude towards Andre’ s work?

A．Tolerant.

B．Doubtful.

C．Uncaring.

D．Favorable.

4. Which of the following can best describe Andre?

A．Patient and brave.	B．Careful and selfless.
C．Determined and creative.	D．Intelligent and outspoken.

8 . 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式｡

Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist     1     women’s disease, was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies” and delivered over 50,000 babies,     2     she didn’t have children of her own. It was her mother’s dying of uterine cancer(子宫癌) that aroused her dream of being a doctor. At her age, girls’ education     3    (place) second to boys’, but she finally managed to     4    (admit) to Peking Union Medical College and graduated with Wenhai scholarship. When studying abroad, she was invited to stay but she refused     5     offer without any hesitation. She devoted all her life to     6    (tend) her patients. Apart from     7    (diversity) medical papers, she even wrote brochures     8     she gave some simple rules of keeping babies clean, healthy and free from diseases and gave them to people in faraway villages for free. Though     9     (elect) to many important positions, she always focused on her     10    (responsible) as a doctor.

9 . When she was just 9 years old, Hilde Lysiak became famous across the United States for reporting on difficult news stories. Now Hilde has written a book telling her own story, and sharing some of the challenges she faced.

Hilde’s father was a reporter for the New York Daily News. When she was young, he often took her to work with him, and she developed a strong interest in news stories and reporting.

When she was 8, Hilde started her own newspaper, called the Orange Street News (OSN). Her family lived on Orange Street. Hilde did the writing, her sister Izzy took pictures, and her father helped her organize and print the newspaper.

Hilde wanted to cover stories important to everyone in her town. She got into a habit of going on her bike, looking for news stories. Following the rules her father had taught her, she researched and reported stories in her monthly newspaper. She also started reporting on her own website.

OSN suddenly became famous across the country when a murder happened in town, and 9-year-old Hilde was the first person to report it. However, not everyone was happy about Hilde’s efforts. Some people criticized her parents for allowing her to report on something as unpleasant as a murder. Others criticized Hilde for “pretending to be a reporter”.

Hilde was upset by the complaints. But she never let that stop her reporting. In 2019, she made the news again when a law enforcement officer threatened to arrest her for filming him. Hilde knew her rights as a reporter were protected under the Constitution (宪法). Later, the town apologized to Hilde for the officer’s actions.

Hilde’s activities as a reporter have made her famous, and she has earned several awards. With her father. Hilde has written a series of books called “Hilde Cracks the Case”. The books are based loosely on stories that Hilde wrote. The books have now been turned into a TV show called “Home Before Dark”.

For now, Hilde has given up reporting. But she’s still just 15, and has plenty of time to decide what she wants to do with her life. Her efforts have already inspired young people around the world.

1. Why did young Hilde set up her own newspaper “OSN”?

A．To follow her father’s example.	B．To report news stories to the locals.
C．To encourage children to read more.	D．To get her sister interested in reporting.

2. How did Hilde get OSN known in the USA?

A．By covering unpleasant news.	B．By joint efforts with her family.
C．By sharing her stories on the website.	D．By giving a first–hand report of a murder.

3. What did Hilde do with the complaints?

A．She turned to writing books.	B．She didn’t take them seriously.
C．She never began her newspaper.	D．She faced the challenges bravely.

4. What is the best title of the text?

A．Hilde Lysiak’s Stories Become a Hit	B．Young Reporter Tells Her Own Story
C．Life Teaches Young Reporter a Lesson	D．A TV Show Is Based on a Kid’s Story

10 . Wang Shun became China’s first Olympic champion in the men’s individual medley event in Tokyo 2020. In a live chat, Wang reveals how years of struggles and setbacks _________ him into a world-beater.

Recalling his childhood, Wang has pleasant _________ of the moment that raised his initial curiosity about _________. After that, Wang set a great goal that he wanted to be an Olympic _________. He always trained seriously and often _________ to stay in the pool for long hours.

During his training, Wang _________ many setbacks and difficulties, and realized it would not be _________ to reach the top of swimming. In 2019, _________, his performances were not ideal and he was really upset at the time about this. Then in June, he injured his ankle, which forced him to _________ two-week training and the recovery process was pretty __________ and he even thought about quitting.

__________, Wang has a considerate coach Zhu Zhigen, who __________ with Wang and kept helping him improve mentally and physically. Zhu acts like parents toward his __________ —a level of care he displays for Wang to this day. Before the final at the Tokyo Olympics, the coach __________ guarded the door for Wang to ensure he slept well, because 10 athletes shared a room. With the help of his coach, Wang overcame all the __________ and got the first prize in Tokyo 2020.

1.

A．tricked

B．turned

C．put

D．forced

2.

A．challenges

B．stories

C．memories

D．hobbies

3.

A．swimming

B．running

C．jogging

D．skating

4.

A．volunteer

B．champion

C．player

D．coach

5.

A．failed

B．hesitated

C．regretted

D．struggled

6.

A．encountered

B．settled

C．understood

D．ignored

7.

A．rewardable

B．suitable

C．visible

D．straightforward

8.

A．on occasion

B．in general

C．on average

D．for instance

9.

A．give up

B．stick to

C．get through

D．long for

10.

A．slow

B．tough

C．smooth

D．boring

11.

A．Hopefully

B．Eventually

C．Fortunately

D．Obviously

12.

A．competed

B．associated

C．worked

D．accompanied

13.

A．pupils

B．friends

C．assistants

D．colleagues

14.

A．occasionally

B．especially

C．constantly

D．unwillingly

15.

A．anxieties

B．puzzles

C．barriers

D．mistakes