From writing Shakespeare-style poetry to making music, ChatGPT has amazed the world since its launch in late 2022 by the US-based company Open AI. It even passed several law exams in four courses at the University of Minnesota, US, according to CNN.
The AI program can answer questions on a whole host of topics, and write essays, stories and any other written texts you can think of. It does this by drawing on information collected from a large corpus (语料库) of text data.
What makes ChatGPT so impressive? As Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAI said in an interview with Forbes, “it’s not actually fundamentally new technology that made this (ChatGPT) have a moment.”
According to MIT Technology Review, ChatGPT is based on GPT-3, a large language model. Because texts are more complicated than the meaning of every word combined, language models require a type of neural network (神经网络) that can make sense of texts.
One breakthrough behind today’s model is a network called Transformer, which was invented by Google researchers in 2017. The neural network can infer word meanings by tracking where the word appears in a sentence. Transformer can therefore capture the meaning of texts more accurately.
The GPT models built by OpenAI combined Transformer with unsupervised learning, meaning that the models can learn by themselves without being told what to look at. ChatGPT can now generate human-like responses instantly due to the large scale (规模) of texts it learned from.
“One of the biggest problems with ChatGPT is that it comes back, very confidently, with falsities,” Michael Wooldridge at the Alan Turing Institute in London, UK, told The Guardian. This means that ChatGPT doesn’t know the truth about the world — it learns information from various resources but it cannot decide what is true or false.
Some argue that ChatGPT will be used to generate fake news, spread falsities, or be used for ill purposes. As for education, many US schools recently banned students from using ChatGPT on school networks because students began to use it as a shortcut for essays.
12. How does ChatGPT work?
A.By making use of its large collection of texts. |
B.By gathering different information. |
C.By categorizing information by theme. |
D.By simplifying complicated texts. |
13. What is the new technology behind ChatGPT?
A.Its neural network can capture texts quickly. |
B.Its Transformer can produce human-like responses instantly. |
C.Its language model can track words accurately. |
D.Its model combines Transformer with unsupervised learning. |
14. What is one of the biggest problems with ChatGPT, according to Wooldridge?
A.It processes information slowly. | B.It learns from limited resources. |
C.It can generate false answers. | D.It can be used for ill purposes. |
15. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
A.ChatGPT writes miracles | B.ChatGPT meets challenges |
C.An AI language model assists human | D.ChatGPT — a bridge to future |