Victor Hugo (Feb.26, 1802－May 22, 1885, Paris)，who is the most important of the French Romantic writers, is a poet, novelist, and dramatist. Though regarded in France as one of that country's greatest poets, he is better known abroad for such novels as NotreDame de Paris (1831) and Les Misrables (1862).
Victor was the third son of a general in Napoleon's army. His childhood was coloured by his father's constant traveling with the imperial (帝国) army. The fall of the empire gave him, from 1815 to 1818, a time of uninterrupted study, after which he graduated from a law college at Paris, where his studies seemed to have been purposeless and irregular. Memories of his life as a poor student later inspired the figure of Marius in his novel Les Misrables.
From 1816, at least, Hugo had set up ambitions other than the law. Encouraged by his mother, Hugo founded a review, the Conservateur Littraire (1819－1821), in which his own articles on the poets Alphonse de Lamartine and Andrde Chnier stood out. His mother died in 1821, and a year later Victor married a childhood friend, Adèle Foucher, with whom he had five children. In that same year he published his first book of poems, Odes et posies diverses. In 1823 he published his first novel, Han d'Islande, which in 1825 appeared in an English translation as Hans of Iceland. In 1824 he published a new poem collection, Nouvelles Odes, and followed it two years later with an exotic romance, BugJargal. In 1826 he also published Odes et ballades, an enlarged edition of his previously printed verse.
Hugo emerged (出现)as a true Romantic with the publication in 1827 of his poem drama Cromwell, in which the contradictions of human existence—good and evil, beauty and ugliness, tears and laughter—would be resolved by the inclusion of both tragic and comic elements in a single play.
1. Which of the following best describes Hugo's poems?| A．Optimistic | B．Romantic. |
| C．Serious. | D．Traditional. |
| A．One with a great talent for studies. |
| B．One with negative attitude to life. |
| C．One with many romantic thoughts. |
| D．One with great courage to face trouble. |
| A．To be a general. | B．To work on literature. |
| C．To become a publisher. | D．To marry a childhood friend. |
| A．In 1818 | B．In 1821. |
| C．In 1822. | D．In 1823. |
相似题推荐
1. What is the woman looking for?
| A．A casual dress. | B．An evening dress. | C．A business suit. |
| A．Try on the clothes. | B．Bargain with the man. | C．Pay for the clothes in cash. |
【推荐2】Like many young people, I dreamed of growing up and becoming a successful writer one day. My first part-time job came when I was 18 years old. I was working in a paint factory. Because of the terrible smell of paint, it became normal for me to temporarily pass out during my lunch hour.
All of my spare time was spent writing and sending stories to any publisher that would read them, dreaming that one day losing consciousness while eating my ham sandwiches would no longer be a part of my daily routine.
I discovered content mills, where a writer could devote his time to writing soul-destroying online copy. It provided a little pay, but I wouldn’t faint(昏厥). So, I quit my day job. But it is difficult to work from home
. At times, I would lose all passion for writing 500 words about an advertisement for a bed for a few pounds, but the terrible smell of paint reminded me to get back to writing.
Several months later, the money got better. I was given a job writing for one of the largest entertainment websites in the world. The job was simple: I complained about everything that was wrong with society and they paid me ₤50 for each article. A guy from the website asked if I’d be interested in leaving my small town life to move to the big city of Manchester to become a professional writer for them. I accepted.
After a pretty successful year, I was offered a promotion. Just 18 months earlier, I was suffering from the smell of paint on a daily basis and now I was managing a team of nine writers.
1. What does the underlined part mean in the passage?| A．Losing heart. | B．Losing one’s memory. |
| C．Feeling sleepy. | D．Becoming unconscious. |
| A．The unpleasant smell in the factory. |
| B．Being given consistent writing work. |
| C．Something’s being wrong with society. |
| D．Writing advertisements at a low price. |
| A．Never give up nor stop trying. |
| B．A good beginning is half done. |
| C．Behind bad luck comes good luck. |
| D．A man can do no more than he can. |
【推荐3】It's amazing how we grow from careless kids to responsible teens. What happens in the course that makes us responsible now? It’s the seed that we sow in the beginning which grows and becomes a huge tree.
As a kid, I used to read a lot of story books. In one particular book, I read a story of a bird. It described a male bird which takes a lot of pain to build a nest and the female bird takes shelter in it and nourishes the baby. When the bird learns to fly, the whole family flies off to a different place leaving behind the beautiful nest for other birds to grow their family in it. It made me wonder. How could they so easily sacrifice their house built with so much effort?
One night, when I was deep in sleep, I got this particular dream. I was walking miles on the endless road, totally isolated but lined with beautiful trees on either side. I happened to stop upon seeing something. It was a wonderful house with every corner touched artistically and lovingly. I don’t know why I felt that it was done lovingly. Maybe because, things turn out to be beautiful only when we put our love into it - just like the food prepared by mom which tastes more delicious with her love.
I explored the house only to fall more in love with it. There was a sloping roof which matched with the greenery around; the large central open courtyard reminded me of the activities that might have taken place there which felt lively even now when it is completely deserted. The small water body that kept the house cool added to the beauty of the house - of course, it was all dried up now. It's really wonderful how such things add life to the spaces which otherwise just become structures. Such liveliness and happening turns the house into a home.
When I woke up from the dream, I was clear about everything. I realized where that mile of walk was intending me to lead. I realized what message my dream wanted to convey me. And years later, when finally my turn of choosing my destination came, I simply closed my eyes. When I opened my eyes, I was sure what to do. I decided to choose the road - less traveled. Yes, I took up architecture as my profession because this is what I am destined to do. I wanted to do the same thing that the male bird in the story did, to take pain in building a beautiful house and let others stay in it.
1. When the writer read the story of the bird, he probably felt _______.| A．upset | B．confused |
| C．amazed | D．amused |
| A．the story of the bird | B．his mother's food |
| C．the house in his dream | D．his story books |
| A．mom cooks with her love | B．we are so familiar with mom's food |
| C．moms are better cooks than fathers | D．mom is experienced in cooking |
| A．The greenery surrounding the house. |
| B．The body of water that keeps the house cool. |
| C．The liveliness he sensed around the house. |
| D．The fact that the house was very large. |
| A．how the writer finally becomes an honest citizen |
| B．where the true meaning of responsibility lies |
| C．what we need to do when we are seeking fortune |
| D．why the writer takes up architecture as his career |
【推荐1】If you fancy a break over the festive season, then why not join Solos Holidays on one of their special Christmas or New Year breaks. These social events are a great opportunity to mix and associate.
Stratford Christmas Market
A wonderful way to start getting into the festive spirit on this 2-night Christmas market break. Wander under the twinkling lights while shopping for homemade gifts and tasting warming wine, roast chestnuts or luxury（奢侈的） chocolates. Explore historical Stratford-upon-Avon and enjoy dinner on both evenings where you can relax, join in the hotel’s party night and hit the dance-floor with other single guests.
Departure： 7th December
Price：£380, Breakfast Dinner
New Year in Brighton
Head to the south coast and the busy town of Brighton for a 3-night break this New Year. Celebrations begin with a Solos welcome drink before joining other single guests for dinner and musical entertainment. The next morning we take the fun ‘Only in Brighton Tour’ showcasing all things special about Brighton, before New Year’s Eve kicks off with a Gala dinner and party to take us into 2019.
Departure: 30th December
Price: £555, Breakfast & Dinner
To find out more about Solos Holidays Black Tie Balls, Party Nights, Dances & Festive Breaks that take place at venues（场所）across the UK throughout December： call 0844826 8515 or visit solosholidays.co.uk
1. When will the two events be held?| A．On New Year breaks. | B．On Christmas breaks. |
| C．Over the festive season. | D．Throughout the winter. |
| A．Parties. | B．Dinners. |
| C．Drinking. | D．Shopping. |
| A．The prices include three meals a day. |
| B．The two events are likely meant for singles. |
| C．The two events are only held in December. |
| D．Visitors can learn more about the events by letter. |
【推荐2】Tour operators have seasonal deals on holidays to Australia and other countries in a new year.
Austravel
Holidaymakers can save up to 30% on a trip to Australia with the Austravel sale, which runs for about a month. It also includes a fourteen-day-long trip to Perth and a west coast self-drive trip from £795 per person including flights in May or July.
● austravel. com
Thomson and First Choice
Some deals are being launched this week by Thomson and First Choice, with early booking offers including free places for kids, lower deposits (押金) and up to £300 off per couple on a lot of destinations.
● thomson. co. uk, firstchoice. co. uk
Eurocamp
The camping company is offering thousands of Easter and May half-term holidays for under £350, such as an Easter break at La Baume on the French Riviera for just £25 a night, based on a stay in a two-bedroom holiday home. Early bookers can save up to 25% and secure a holiday with a deposit of just £99.
● eurocamp. co. uk
Kuoni
Running from Christmas Eve, the Kuoni sale includes a wide range of offers. These offers include ten nights full board in the Maldives from £1,599 and seven nights in Phuket, Thailand from £999 per person—both including flights and transfers (换乘).
● kuoni. co. Uk
1. How long may you stay in Perth with Austravel?| A．One month. | B．Two weeks. | C．One week. | D．Four night. |
| A．It requires no deposit. |
| B．It offers cheap return flights. |
| C．It is suitable for family travel. |
| D．It can save up to £300 per person. |
| A．Austravel. | B．Thomson and First Choice. |
| C．Eurocamp. | D．Kuoni. |
| A．Both have various offers. |
| B．Both include flights. |
| C．Both offer a discount for early booking. |
| D．Both need a deposit to secure a holiday. |
【推荐3】The following is a Want ad for a 21st -century father.
Wanted: A 21st -Century Father Who Can Wear Many Hats THE LOVING HAT | |
| Responsibilities Include: | Benefits: |
| Raising children, not yelling, taking mom out to romantic dinners, listening, “being there.” | You’ll be loved right back. |
THE MONEY HAT | |
| Responsibilities Include: | Benefits: |
| Holding down a good job, making enough money to support family and pay for vacations. | Who doesn’t want a good job? Plus, vacations with the family. |
THE FUN HAT | |
| Responsibilities Include: | Benefits: |
| Taking family to baseball games in summer, going sleigh riding in winter, being goofy, dancing. | What good is life if you don’t have any fun? Family outings become memories that last a lifetime. |
THE HANDYMAN HAT | |
| Responsibilities Include: | Benefits: |
| Taking care of the house and yard. Must know basic carpentry, landscaping, plumbing, and electrical work. | You’ll get to have a really cool set of tools, including power tools. |
1. The Hats in the ad actually refer to the ______ of a father.
| A．life goals | B．life experiences |
| C．desired qualities in personality | D．personal interests and in parenting |
| A．keep a good work-life balance. | B．be able to work with power tools. |
| C．help his children with all of their schoolwork. | D．pay attention to his children’s and partner’s needs. |
| A．THE LOVING HAT | B．THE FUN HAT |
| C．THE MONEY HAT | D．THE HANDYMAN HAT |
The two main islands, Jersey and Guernsey, are remarkable in that they present a combination of enjoyment peace and quiet. Neither island is very big (only ten miles long) and so all parts of these coasts are easily reached from the main centers — St. Helier and St. Peter Port. In both these towns and particularly in Jersey's St. Helier are concentrated (集中) the amusements of really big resorts (休养地). The nearness of France gives a continental atmosphere; the weather is far better than that in England. The other three islands, Jethou, Herm and Sark are small and quiet.
Isles of Scilly
The islands are really small and quiet; and the weather is warm but windy. The islands are excellent for those who enjoy exploring (探险) small inlets (水湾), creeks (小溪) and bays on foot, or even better in a boat.
Isle of Wight
The island is 24 miles across and therefore quite large. The scenery is good and varied. The resorts are neither overlarge nor showy. The crowds seem content with entertaining but quieter holidays. The island has the best sunshine record in Britain.
Isle of Man
An island with unique atmosphere — in some indefinable (难以描述的) way it is different from England, Scotland or Wales. Thirty miles long, with good roads and good public transport，the mountains，hills and glens (幽谷) are easily reached. Douglas is a major British resort and other resorts are lively.
1. Which is the largest of the islands mentioned?
| A．Herm. | B．The Isle of Man. |
| C．The Isle of Wight. | D．Jersey. |
| A．The Channel Islands. | B．The Isle of Man. |
| C．The Isle of Wight. | D．The Scilly Isle. |
| A．Douglas. | B．Sandown. |
| C．St. Helier. | D．St. Peter Port. |
| A．The coasts are easily reached from the main centers. |
| B．There are more islands there. |
| C．There is something French about them. |
| D．The weather is better. |
【推荐2】Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in October as a day to make someone happy. It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick, the aged, and children who have lost their parents, but also friends, workmates, relatives and neighbours whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.
Over 60 years ago, when a Cleveland man noticed that some people, such as children who lost their parents and patients who lay in bed, too often felt forgotten and neglected,_he developed in his mind the idea of showing them that they were remembered.He did this by giving them small gifts. With the help of his friends and neighbours, he gave those people small gifts on a Saturday in October. During the years that followed, other Clevelanders began to take part in the celebration, which came to be called “Sweetest Day”．Over time, the Sweetest Day idea of spreading cheer to the poor, the sick and children who had lost their parents was broadened to include everyone, and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small gift. Soon the idea spread to other cities all over the USA.
Sweetest Day is not based on any single group's religious beliefs or on a family relationship. It is a reminder that a thoughtful word or deed enriches life and gives it meaning.Because for many people remembering takes the form of gift giving, Sweetest Day offers us the opportunity to show others that we care, in a positive way.
1. Which of the following has little relationship to Sweetest Day?| A．Visiting sick people of the hospital. |
| B．Visiting children who have lost their parents. |
| C．Giving friends small gifts. |
| D．Giving flowers to sweethearts. |
| A．They give money. | B．They give gifts. |
| C．They send regards. | D．They offer help. |
| A．remembered | B．hated | C．paid little or no attention to | D．disappointed |
| A．To introduce a tradition. |
| B．To encourage people to celebrate a festival. |
| C．To explain the importance of a special day |
| D．To tell the history of a festival. |
【推荐3】Places to avoid travelling
India
The main distinction in wealth and class may explain some of the risk of crimes in this country. But according to John Gobbels, vice president and chief operating officer for Medjet (an international emergency service), it’s medical safety that actually makes India so dangerous. He explains that the U. S. State Department gives the country Level 2 travel advisory status. (Level 1 means you should exercise normal precautions（预防措施）；Level 4 is “ do not go ” .)
Hawaii
Considering this destination is a very hot spot for honeymooners, it might be surprising to see the Big Island of Hawaii as a dangerous place to visit. The eruption of a volcano has put Kilauea in a state of emergency, with poisonous gas, lava flows, and earthquakes all a risk. You’ll likely see special airline deals cancelled, so think twice before making this flight.
Acapulco
This beach resort town on Mexico’s Pacific coast isn’t exactly the white-sand party destination it once was. With a Level 4 travel advisory, Gobbels explains, it’s in the same category as places like Iran, Syria, and North Korea. It’s regarded as the murder capital of the country.
Cairo, Egypt
According to a recent report from the Thomson Reuters Foundation, Cairo is considered the most insecure city for women in the world. Even though the political tensions are easing in this area, according to Gobbels, sexual violence and cultural expectations make it extremely problematic, for both locals and visitors.
1. According to John Gobbels, what should visitors pay special attention to in India?| A．Personal belongings. | B．Travel insurance. |
| C．Cultural difference. | D．Medical safety. |
| A．India. | B．Cairo. |
| C．Acapulco. | D．Hawaii. |
| A．Syria isn’t a risky destination where you’ll have a wonderful vacation. |
| B．The political unrest in Cairo is responsible for its insecurity at present. |
| C．A Level 3 travel advisory indicates you can go with normal precautions. |
| D．The flights to Hawaii may be changeable due to the eruption of the volcano. |
【推荐1】The new social robots, including Jibo, Cozmo, Kuri and Meccano M.A.X., bear some resemblance to assistants like Apple’s Siri, but these robots come with something more. They are designed to win us over not with their smarts but with their personality. They are sold as companions that do more than talk to us. Time magazine hailed (称赞) the robots that “could fundamentally reshape how we interact with machines.” But is reshaping how we interact with machines a good thing, especially for children?
Some researchers in favor of the robots don’t see a problem with this. People have relationships with many kinds of things. Some say robots are just another thing with which we can have relationships. To support their argument, roboticists sometimes point to how children deal with toy dolls. Children animate (赋予…生命) dolls and turn them into imaginary friends. Jibo, in a sense, will be one more imaginary friend, and arguably a more intelligent and fun one.
Getting attached to dolls and sociable machines is different, though. Today’s robots tell children that they have emotions, friendships, even dreams to share. In reality, the whole goal of the robots is emotional trickery. For instance, Cozmo the robot needs to be fed, repaired and played with. Boris Sofman, the chief executive of Anki, the company behind Cozmo, says that the idea is to create “a deeper and deeper emotional connection ... And if you neglect him, you feel the pain of that.” What is the point of this, exactly? What does it mean to feel the pain of neglecting something that feels no pain at being neglected, or to feel anger at being neglected by something that doesn’t even know it is neglecting you?
This should not be our only concern. It is troubling that these robots try to empathize with children. Empathy allows us to put ourselves in the place of others, to know what they are feeling. Robots, however, have no emotions to share, and they cannot put themselves in our place. No matter what robotic creatures “say” or squeak, they don’t understand our emotional lives. They present themselves as empathy machines, but they are missing the essential equipment. They have not been born, they don’t know pain, or death, or fear. Robot thinking may be thinking, but robot feeling is never feeling, and robot love is never love.
What is also troubling is that children take robots’ behavior to indicate feelings. When the robots interact with them, children take this as evidence that the robots like them, and when robots don’t work when needed, children also take it personally. Their relationships with the robots affect their self-esteem (自尊). In one study, an 8-year-old boy concluded that the robot stopped talking to him because the robot liked his brothers better.
For so long, we dreamed of artificial intelligence offering us not only simple help but conversation and care. Now that our dream is becoming real, it is time to deal with the emotional downside of living with robots that “feel.”
1. How are the new social robots different from Siri?| A．They are intended to teach children how to talk. |
| B．They are designed to attract people with their smarts. |
| C．Their main function is to evaluate children’s personality. |
| D．They have a new way to communicate with human beings. |
| A．are deeply connected with human beings |
| B．are unable to build a real relationship with children |
| C．are so advanced that they can feel the pain of human beings |
| D．are not good enough to carry out the instructions of children |
| A．emotion | B．pain |
| C．fear | D．thinking |
I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion
A． | B． |
C． | D． |
【推荐2】If you are a teenager without a job, you probably do not have much extra money. Sometimes parents will give their children a pocket money for doing small housework, but it is often not enough once the children grow into teenagers and want to do things with their friends all of the time. How to make money is an important thing for teens to learn. If you're wondering how a teenager can make good money, some ideas might be.
Getting a part-time job at a local restaurant or store is always a sure way to make money as a teen. But getting a job somewhere like this might be hard, considering many jobs in local stores are being taken by adults more and more often. Babysitting is always a good way to make money as a teenager, and finding jobs as a babysitter is often easier than finding a job at a store.
Doing landscaping (绿化) is something that most adults do not like to do, and teens can usually find jobs around their neighborhood doing the landscaping of friends and family. Some teens are good at something such as writing or photography. These teens can make money by doing things such as writing articles for newspapers or magazines or selling their photos online.
Teens who live in a country area can try raising their own animals such as chickens, and selling them or their products.
Looking for jobs can seem hard at first, but if you have a try, it should not be too hard to find a job or way to make money.
1. Why might getting a job in the local stores be hard for teenagers?| A．Low pay. | B．Competition with adults. |
| C．Long working hours. | D．Heavy work. |
| A．Getting a part-time job is hard for teens. |
| B．Most adults hate doing landscaping. |
| C．Pocket money from parents is often enough for teens. |
| D．Looking after babies is easier than serving customers in a restaurant. |
| A．The Necessary Skills to Make Money. |
| B．How Important Is Money to a Teenager. |
| C．How Can a Teenager Make Extra Money. |
| D．Teenagers Should Depend on Themselves. |
【推荐3】I did some research and examined how British English and American English changed between the 1930s and the 2000s. Take spelling, for example towards the 1960s it looked like the UK was going in the direction of not using the “u” in “colour” and writing “centre” as “center”. But since then, the British have become more confident in some of their own spellings. In the 2000s, the UK used an American spelling choice about 11% of the time while Americans use a British one about 10% of the time. There is also no need to worry too much about American words, such as “vacation”, “liquor” and “lawmaker” entering British English. There are a few examples of this kind of vocabulary change but they are mostly uncommon words and are not likely to change British English too much. The British are still using “mum” rather than “mom” and “petrol” rather than “gas”.
But when we start thinking of language more in terms of style than vocabulary or spelling, a different picture appears. Some of the bigger trends (趋势) in American English are moving towards a freer use of language. American sentences are usually one word shorter in 2006 than they were in 1931.
Americans also use a lot more apostrophes (撇号) in their writing than they used to, which has the effect of turning the two words “do not” into the single “don’t”. “The hand of the king” becomes the shorter “The king’s hand”.
However, in all these ways Brits are changing too—and in the same way as Americans. They’re just about 30 years behind the trend that Americans seem to be leading.
So this raises a question, is British English actively following American English or is this something that is simply a natural trend in language use? Perhaps the British would have gone in that direction even if America had been discovered? I'd like to agree with the second idea but because of the fact that British people learn plenty of American language through different ways, I think the first is more correct.
1. What did the British do in the 1960s?| A．They use some American spellings. |
| B．They built up confidence in their language. |
| C．They did research on language difference. |
| D．They went in the direction of harder spellings. |
| A．British English has changed a lot. |
| B．Some uncommon words are used less often. |
| C．American words are entering British English. |
| D．American spelling won’t change British English too much. |
| A．It is using shorter words. |
| B．It is turning to proper grammar. |
| C．It is trying to make sentences simpler. |
| D．It is avoiding using apostrophes. |
| A．American English is going the wrong way. |
| B．British English is following American English’s example. |
| C．American English is borrowing a lot from British English. |
| D．Languages wouldn’t change much if America was not discovered. |
