Perhaps people have never realized that fashion materials should be one of the worst destroyers on our environment in countries across the world.
Everybody enjoys wearing warm fashionable sweaters, but they never realize how much harm they have done to the environment. Studies suggest that 70 percent of the damage to the grasslands is due to overgrazing(过度放牧). Because of that, tile balance of nature is broken, extreme weather occurs frequently, species are under serious threat, and finally grasslands are becoming desert gradually. The major real cause driving this activity is that human beings demand for cheaper wool to make fashionable clothing.
What you might not know is that the natural fibers for making clothes are often taken from trees in ancient forests or other plants such as bamboo and cotton. This means that the clothes we buy and wear are contributing directly to destroying forests and habitats. In fact, cotton is by no means a fully environmentally friendly crops on the planet. For a start, it uses so much water to. produce, which leads to the freshwater shortage across the globe. It can take 2,700 liters of water to make just one cotton T-shirt. Additionally, growing cotton requires high levels of pesticide and other dangerous chemicals that often pollute waterways and soil. As for man-made fibers, the damage done by them is far worse than other materials.
In recent years, retailers (零售商)have increased the number of fashion collection secession even-each month or week. Throwaway culture is known as "fast fashion" due to low prices. Every year, 100 billion new garments made from new fibers are produced, many of which soon end up in landfill(垃圾填埋场). A dress might cost a few pounds for the consumer, but there is a hidden cost to the wider environment including ecosystems and other species.
1. According to the passage, the real destroyer on the grasslands is .| A．overgrazing | B．human beings’ need |
| C．unbalanced nature | D．change of weather |
| A．The cotton fiber. | B．The tree fiber. |
| C．The man-made fiber. | D．The bamboo fiber. |
| A．Opposed. | B．Approved. | C．Neutral. | D．Sympathetic. |
| A．Damage to Our Environment | B．Throw away Culture |
| C．Destroying Forests and Habitats | D．Fashion Materials, the Hidden Environment Destroyer |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】How To Find Spring Fashion Trends
Fashion changes faster than most people can keep up with.
Look through fashion magazines to get fashion ideas. Magazines like GQ, Vogue, and Cosmo are generally considered “taste makers”.
Find your favorite fashion blogs. What’s on the catwalk isn’t necessarily what’s on the streets, so I also like getting inspiration from travel blogs, fashion blogs, and smaller designers. Many brands, designers, and fashionistas post their inspiration online, as well as recommendations on where to find the best new fashions.
Explore social media. More and more often, people are using the Internet to broadcast their personal fashion recommendations, which is a great way to get a pulse on spring fashion. Sites like Tumblr and Pintrest have specific sections devoted to fashion.
Make your own spring trends. Having confidence in yourself and rocking your outfit is more important than following any trend. Sometimes you still can’t figure out what spring fashion trend to follow.
| A．Make notes of fashions you see often |
| B．Look to warmer areas for inspiration |
| C．They are selling the right clothes for the right season |
| D．Find an outfit you like and make up your own trend |
| E．They are in touch with the big clothing designers |
| F．Spring is often when people launch new and inventive fashion for the warming weather |
| G．Search “Spring Fashion Blogs” and browse through a few to see styles you enjoy |
【推荐2】“Few articles change owners more frequently than clothes. They travel downwards from grade to grade in the social scale with remarkable regularity,” wrote the journalist Adolphe Smith in 1877 as he traced a coat’s journey in the last century: cleaned, repaired and resold repeatedly; cut down into a smaller item; eventually recycled into new fabric. But with the improvement in people’s living standards, that model is mind-boggling in the era of fast fashion. The average British customer buys four items a month. And it is reported that 350,000 tonnes of used but still wearable clothes go to landfills in the UK each year.
Yet the gradual revival of the second-hand trade has gathered pace in the past few years. At fashion website Asos, sales of vintage clothes (古董衫) have risen by 92%. Clothing was once worn out of necessity, and now it is simply a way of life. Busy families sell used items on eBay, teenagers trade on Depop and some fashion people offer designer labels on Vestiaire Collective. Strikingly, it has become big enough business that mainstream retailers (零售商) want a slice of the action.
For some buyers and sellers, the switch to the second-hand is born of financial difficulties. Only a few have become worried about the impact of their shopping habit on the planet. But the shift is only a partial solution. Some people worry that some mainstream brands may “greenwash” — using second-hand goods to improve their image, rather than engaging more seriously with sustainability.
However, the biggest concern may be that people keep buying because they know they can resell goods, still chasing the pleasure of the next purchase but with an eased conscience (愧疚). Boohoo, a powerful fast fashion company, has seen sales and profits rise, despite concerns about environmental problems in its supply chain that led to an investigation last year.
A new Netflix series, Worn Stories, documents the emotional meanings that clothes can have: Each old item is full of memories. Actually, a handbag from a grandmother and a scarf passed on by a father are both valuable for us. A love of style is not a bad or an unimportant thing. But a committed relationship is better than a quick flash. Can we learn to appreciate our own old clothes as well as others’?
1. What does the word “mind-boggling” underlined in paragraph 1 probably mean?| A．Unbelievable. | B．Popular. | C．Reasonable. | D．Influential. |
| A．old clothes are more popular than new pieces |
| B．the online second-hand markets are booming |
| C．the fashion world begins to favor vintage clothes |
| D．many clothing brands are innovative in their new products |
| A．It makes people feel free to pursue fast fashion. |
| B．It makes people more cautious about their budgets. |
| C．It encourages people to choose eco-friendly clothes. |
| D．It pushes people to be more engaged with sustainability. |
| A．Old items have lost favor with the public. |
| B．Old items are worthy of being long cherished. |
| C．Older generations attach great importance to old items. |
| D．Older generations care about the quality of their clothes. |
【推荐3】When it’s time for a wardrobe makeover (形象改造), who’s the best person to give you some advice? You’ll probably turn to your friend for some feedback and fashion tips — they know you best and can offer an honest opinion about which colours don’t match and which outfit makes you look pretty.
However for someone like me, who’s not a follower of fashion and has a more practical dress sense, I don’t need help-it’s just jeans or... jeans! But for people who care about their appearance, they can now get some trustworthy advice with the aid of technology.
Of course, using social media is a good way when you are at a loss about fashion, but this—sometimes brings in too much conflicting advice and opinions that are sometimes straightforward! That’s why one woman has developed an app to help women crowdsource advice from stylists in a safe, non-violent communication environment.
Sophia Matveeva’s Style Counsel app allows users to post a photo and receive “yes” or “no” answers from other users, or more detailed advice from fashion stylists and bloggers very quickly. According to Mathew Wall, BBC Technology of Business editor, this is a growing business; with several new apps such as AskAnna, Mallzee and StyleDotMe all offering young women tips on suitable and fashionable clothes to wear.
There’s also a website called EyeFitU which finds clothes to fit your figure. Its chief executive, Isabelle Ohnemus, says there are no international standards in clothes sizes but she explains, “We can set up your size profile in a few seconds with 80% accuracy just knowing your gender, height, weight and age”. This information is used to find clothes that suit your actual shape. And the internet giant, Amazon, has also developed a camera that links to a “style check” function that compares photos and gives its opinion of which outfit is better, based on fit, colour, style and current fashion trends.
But does technology make fashion advice a bit impersonal? Sophia Matveeva admits that women in particular are social creatures and that “AI will never stop us talking to each other. . . girls will always want the approval of the cool girl at school.” But as for me: an app with someone I don’t know could be the place to start with some careful-in-speech fashion tips!
1. What is the problem of asking for fashion advice on social media?| A．No feedback. | B．Dishonest opinions. |
| C．Too many choices. | D．Contradictory advice. |
| A．Cool boys at school. | B．Young women fashion-goers. |
| C．Fashion stylists and bloggers. | D．People with a practical dress sense. |
| A．By developing a super camera. | B．By assessing current fashion trends. |
| C．By analyzing users’ basic information. | D．By setting agreed standards for clothes sizes. |
| A．Fashion Anxiety | B．New Fashion Trends |
| C．Wardrobe Decoration. | D．Tech-driven Fashion Advice |
【推荐1】All around the world, there are small changes taking place. At the side of roads, behind school playgrounds and on all kinds of unloved pieces of land across towns and cities, tiny forests barely the size of tennis courts are appearing, making a great place for both wildlife and local people who may not normally have easy access to nature. This is the Tiny Forest movement, which aims to prove that the best things in life really do come in small packages.
Tiny forests were first pioneered as a concept in the 1970s by Dr Miyawaki, a Japanese botanist. As he went on to share his concept with others, the idea soon took off in India and other countries before eventually reaching Europe, where it became popular in places like France, Belgium and the Netherlands.
So how does it work? Louise Hartley, who is leading the Tiny Forest project in the UK, explains that the process begins by identifying areas in which a tiny forest could have the biggest influence. “We focus on urban areas where access to nature is often not that easy”, says Hartley. “We see it as a chance to try to break the growing disconnect between people and nature.”
In a Tiny Forest, there must be a minimum of 600 trees, and the trees are planted much closer together and without chemicals or fertilisers (肥料). There are usually around 30 different kinds of all-native tree species (物种). This variety, coupled with the fact that tiny forests grow up to ten times faster than standard forests, means they attract a rich abundance of wildlife. It’s also thought that these places could help reduce the risk of flooding, remove carbon from the atmosphere and fight climate change, as well as improving the mental health of those living locally.
1. What do we know about the Tiny Forest movement?| A．It has achieved notable success. | B．It is led by number of schools. |
| C．It began in Europe in the 1970s. | D．It will spread to the countryside. |
| A．To promote eco-tourism. | B．To improve forestry research. |
| C．To popularise gardening. | D．To get people close to nature. |
| A．They are small in size. | B．They are thickly planted. |
| C．They are foreign species. | D．They are heavily fertilised. |
【推荐2】Masks that helped to save lives are proving a deadly danger for wildlife, with birds and sea creatures trapped in the shocking number of thrown-away facial coverings. Single-use masks have been found around pavements, waterways and beaches worldwide. Worn once, the thin protective materials can take hundreds of years to decompose. “Face masks aren’t going away any time soon — but when we throw them away, these items can harm the environment and the animals,” Ashley Fruno of animal rights group PETA said.
In Britain, a gull was rescued by the RSPCA after its legs became tangled in the straps (带子) of a mask for up to a week. The animal welfare charity took it to a wildlife hospital for treatment before its release.
The biggest effect may be in the water. More than 1.5 billion masks made their way into the world’s oceans last year, accounting for around 6200 extra tonnes of ocean plastic pollution, according to environmental group Oceans Asia.
Conservationists in Brazil found one mask inside the stomach of a penguin after its body was washed up on a beach, while a dead pufferfish was discovered caught inside another of the coast of Miami. French campaigners found a dead crab trapped in a mask near the Mediterranean. Masks and gloves are “particularly problematic” for sea creatures, says George Leonard, chief scientist from NGO Ocean Conservancy. “When those plastics break down in the environment, they then enter the food chain and impact entire ecosystems,” he added.
There has been a shift towards greater use of reusable cloth masks as the pandemic (疫情) has worn on, but many are still using the lighter single-use varieties. Campaigners have urged people to bin them properly and cut the straps to reduce the risk of animals becoming trapped. Oceans Asia has also called on governments to increase fines for littering and encourage the use of washable masks.
1. What does the underlined word “decompose” mean?| A．Break down. | B．Burn down. | C．Turn down. | D．Fall down. |
| A．The environmental group saves many animals. |
| B．Sea wildlife is fond of feeding on face masks. |
| C．Measures should be taken to protect sea wildlife. |
| D．Masks thrown around will finally harm humans. |
| A．By analysing causes. |
| B．By giving examples. |
| C．By providing explanations. |
| D．By making comparisons. |
| A．By washing the reusable cloth masks more frequently. |
| B．By stopping the public from using the single-use masks. |
| C．By encouraging the use of reusable masks and increasing fines. |
| D．By cutting the straps of the masks and reusing them properly. |
【推荐3】Around the world, coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are in danger. Now, let’s check out a few ways conservationists are protecting these habitats.
Seaweed Smackdown
Hot ocean temperatures can supercharge seaweed growth — and that’s not good for a reef. So, in Hawaii, scientists have used an underwater vacuum (真空吸器) to suck up lots of seaweed into the device’s long tube. In Australia, scientists are studying a low-tech solution: pulling seaweed by hand.
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Some polyps (珊瑚虫) are harmed by heat waves and pollution. Scientists cut parts of coral from a healthy reef. Then these polyps are taken to a nursery, which could be in shallow protected areas underwater. After about a year, the healthy coral parts are attached to damaged reefs. The nursery-grown corals can bring new life to a struggling habitat.
Sound Saver
Healthy reefs are noisy. Fish make different sounds, and thousands of shrimp create and pop bubbles with their claws to create a sound. The biologists play sounds of healthy reefs through underwater speakers. They found that six weeks of broadcasting healthy reef sounds doubled the amount of fish in the area.
Bleaching Killer
One of the biggest threats to coral reefs is bleaching. Here’s how it works.
| Thriving coral Most coral species survive by partnering with tiny algae (藻类), which make food for the coral by changing sunlight into sugar. |
| Under stress But when the ocean water gets too hot, the algae produce too much oxygen, which can hurt the coral. |
| Bleaching So corals kick out the algae. As the algae leave, the color disappears and the coral appears to turn white. This process is called bleaching. |
Biologists have discovered that many corals in the Red Sea have a species of algae in their tissue that’s found nowhere else, so they can survive heat waves. Biologists hope their work will inspire governments and environmental groups to protect these corals.
1. Which of the following might be the subtitle of Paragraph 3?| A．Underwater Nurseries. | B．Fishing Guides. |
| C．Seaweed Cleaners. | D．Colour Designers. |
| A．Breathing in more oxygen. | B．Changing the appearance. |
| C．Absorbing more sound. | D．Partnering with algae. |
| A．To present the serious damages to corals. | B．To explain the reasons for coral habitat loss. |
| C．To introduce the methods of coral protection. | D．To compare the effects of different solutions. |
【推荐1】Traditional crafts have long been disappearing from countries across the world. With many crafts having been, or about to be, lost forever, people have realised the importance of preserving those that remain. Representatives of traditional crafts that have undergone a renaissance via protection are as follows:
Mongolian Hoomei （蒙古族呼麦）
Hoomei is a unique singing art created by the Mongolian ethnic group of China. In this art, a singer produces two distinct voices simultaneously to form a rarely seen multi-tone harmony. This technique was once around the edge of extinction, with merely one student majoring in Hoomei at Minzu University of China. However, with growing awareness of preservation, it is reviving. In May of 2006, Hoomei was included in China's National Intangible Cultural Heritage List and listed in UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage later in 2009.
Japanese Kabuki （日本歌舞伎）
Kabuki is a traditional Japanese form of theater with roots tracing back to the Edo Period （江户时代）which is recognized as one of Japan's three major classical theaters along with Noh and Bunraku （能乐和木偶戏），and has been named as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. Kabuki is rich in showmanship of exquisitely designed costumes, eye-catching make-up, strange wigs, and exaggerated actions. Theses movements convey special meaning to the audience; this is especially important since an old-fashioned language form is traditionally being used, which is difficult even for some Japanese to understand.
Croatian Gingerbread （克罗地亚姜饼）
The tradition of gingerbread making appeared in certain European churches during the Middle Ages and came to Croatia where it became a craft and were promoted as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2010. Gingerbread craftspeople are apt at quickly utilizing flour, sugar, water and baking soda plus secret spices. The gingerbread is shaped into moulds（模子），baked, dried and painted with edible colors. Each craftsperson decorates gingerbread in a specific way, often with pictures, small mirrors and poems or messages. The craft has been passed on from one generation to another for centuries, initially to men, but now to women as well and thus becoming a symbol of Croatian cultural identity.
Korean Kimchi Variation （朝鲜族泡菜亚种）
Kimchi is a spicy and sour side dish made by fermenting （发酵）vegetables - usually cabbage - with spices such as chili peppers, garlic and ginger. While it is common in South and North Korea, variations of kimchi arc gaining popularity around the world. South Korea has already received UNESCO recognition in 2013 and now the North wants too. Academic studies, however, have proved that they all share recipes rooted in the Chinese cuisine paocai.
1. What can we learn about Mongolian Hoomei?| A．It has many a college student to pass on its artistic skills |
| B．It became a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2006. |
| C．It requires a singer to produce two different voices at the same time. |
| D．It is a unique form of mono-tone harmony system. |
| A．Edo and Noh | B．Bunraku and Edo |
| C．Bunraku and Noh | D．Noh and Ninja |
| A．Korean Kimchi Variation. | B．Croatian Gingerbread. |
| C．Japanese Kabuki. | D．Mongolian Hoomei. |
【推荐2】Have you ever felt like you aren’t respected by others? In a way like you are taken for granted (想当然) or not taken seriously? In one way or another, all of us have felt this. We hope to be regarded as an authority (权威), someone we respect and believe in. We’re not taught in school how to do this. It’s something we learn by ourselves. And the answer is as simple as changing your mindset. You can change your game by changing your mind.
Take the time to look back and think about every person in your life who is an authority, a leader at work who you trust, or the man who you respect and encourages you. They’re up there not for the reasons you think. If you really think about it, they aren’t the smartest or the most educated. Instead, they’re up there because they’re great teachers for the success of their customers or employees.
Let’s take Richard Simmons, a famous fitness instructor, for example. He became well known since he started gaining popularity during the first few years in his career. Stop and think. People look up at him and give him authority because he’s a great educator. Instead of sharing information that’s far too difficult to understand, he figures out what your problems are and finds out a way to fix them. He doesn’t try too hard to impress his followers because by now they’re already pretty impressed with the desire to solve people’s problems. Depending on what field you’re in, you can share with people things you know and you think they’ll want to know as well. If you’re a nurse, for example, you can make a blog post for common health problems and quick remedies (疗法) people can do at home.
So, how will you be viewed as an authority again? Make that mind shift. Find out what troubles your target. Show your care, give answers and help them climb up that ladder of success. Ladies and gentlemen, that’s how it’s done.
1. Who teaches people to win other people’s respect according to Paragraph 1?| A．Our teachers. | B．We ourselves. |
| C．Our parents. | D．Richard Simmons. |
| A．He is very smart. | B．He is knowledgeable. |
| C．He does something for others. | D．He is professionally successful. |
| A．makes comparisons | B．lists some facts |
| C．makes comments | D．gives examples |
| A．An authority keeps positive in any situation. |
| B．We can change our mind to change our world. |
| C．Kindness is the key to being a success in life. |
| D．The process is more important than the results. |
【推荐3】If there is no difference in general intelligence between boys and girls, what can explain girls’ poor performance in science and mathematics?
It seems to be that their treatment at school is a direct cause. Mathematics and science are seen as subjects mainly for boys, and therefore, as girls become teenagers, they are less likely to take them. Interestingly, both boys and girls often regard the subjects for boys as more difficult. Yet it has been suggested that girls do not take mathematics courses, not because they are difficult, but for social reasons. Girls do not want to be in open competition with boys because they are afraid to appear less feminine and attractive.
However, if we examine the performance of boys and girls who have taken mathematics courses, there are still more high-achieving boys than there are girls. This difference appears to be world-wide. Biological explanations have been offered for this, but there are other explanations, too.
Perhaps the difference which comes out during the teenage years has its roots in much earlier experiences. From their first days in kindergarten, boys are encouraged to work on their own and to complete tasks. Facts show that outstanding mathematicians and scientists have not had teachers who supply answers.
Besides, there can be little doubt that teachers of mathematics and science expect their boy students to do better at these subjects than their girl students. They even appear to encourage the difference between boys and girls. They spend more time with the boy students, giving them more time to answer questions and working harder to get correct answers from them. They are more likely to call in boys for answers and to allow them to take the lead in classroom discussion. They also praise boys more frequently. All of this seems to encourage boys to work harder in science and mathematics and to give them confidence that they are able to succeed.
Such a way of teaching is not likely to encourage girls to take many mathematics and science courses, nor is it likely to support girls who do. When it comes to these subjects it seems certain that school widens the difference between boys and girls.
1. Girls are likely to think that _____.| A．science courses are for both boys and girls |
| B．science courses make them more popular |
| C．science courses make them successful |
| D．science courses are difficult for them |
| A．biological | B．historical |
| C．social | D．personal |
| A．To get help with their homework. | B．To play the leading role in class. |
| C．To work with girl students in class. | D．To learn to take care of others. |
| A．boys and girls learn in the same way |
| B．boys and girls are equal in general intelligence |
| C．girls are more confident in themselves than before |
| D．girls should take fewer science courses than boys |
In the face of Covid-19,we had to make the challenging decision of whether to go ahead with Open House 2020.How could we effectively reconnect with a locked-down city at a time when discussions around openness are more important than ever?
Against these difficulties, we chose not to postpone Open House 2020.Instead, we invested in completely reinventing how we approach our programme.Through a mix of original films, new books, activity packs, walking and cycling tours, podcasts, talks, and a host of online and outdoor events, the year that threatened(威胁）the existence of Open House became one of our most varied and accessible ever.
None of this would have been possible without our Open House Friends,who have reached out to give a monthly donation to support the charity after Covid-19 stopped almost all of our income.
But we still need your support.
If you value our work and want to see Open House continue beyond the pandemic(疫情），please consider becoming an Open House Friend from just £l.25 per week.We've made some fantastic gifts to say thank you to everyone who signs up.
| £1.25 a week －Open House Silver Key badge(徽章） －Limited edition print by David Knight －A discount on all our ticketed events －Free Friends events throughout the year Click here to donate £1.25 a week |
| £2.50 a week － Open House Silver Key badge －Limited edition print by David Knight －A discount on all our ticketed events － Free Friends events throughout the year －A copy of this year's Open House Book, The Alternative Guide to the London Boroughs, edited by Owen Hatherley Click here to donate £2.50 a week |
| £6.25 a week －Open House Silver Key badge －Limited edition print by David Knight － A discount on all our ticketed events －Free Friends events throughout the year －A copy of this year's Open House Book, The Alternative Guide to the London Boroughs, edited by Owen Hatherley －Special Open House events on Open House weekends including Friends-only visiting hours Click here to donate £6.25 a week |
Thank you -together we can ensure that London is truly an Open City.
The Open House Team
1. What do we know about Open House 2020?| A．Open House 2020 had to be canceled because of the lock-down of the city. |
| B．Due to the outbreak of Covid-19, all the activities were held online this year. |
| C．Open House 2020 turned out a great success thanks to people's donations. |
| D．Despite the financial difficulties, this year's events were held as usual. |
| A．Open House Silver Key badge. |
| B．Limited edition print by David Knight. |
| C．Free Friends events throughout the year. |
| D．Special Open House events on Open House weekends. |
| A．To appeal to readers to make donations to Open House. |
| B．To explain the procedure of donation to Open House. |
| C．To encourage readers to sign up for Open House 2020. |
| D．To provide readers with various gifts for Open House 2020. |
【推荐2】Every November, Time magazine picks out what it calls “The 25 Best Inventions” of the year. Here, Teens has chosen some of the most interesting ones.
Ember Mug
It’s hard to always keep coffee at the right temperature, especially in winter. It’s too hot to drink at first, but before we know it, it gets too cold and loses all its taste. The perfect level of warmth for a cup of coffee only lasts for 37 seconds, which makes the Ember Mug a great innovation. It keeps your coffee or tea at a certain temperature, anywhere between 45℃ and 62℃ once you set it through a smart-phone app.
Tasty One Top
TV cooking shows make cooking look so easy, but it’s almost impossible to get the recipes to cook the same as how the professionals cook. However, the Tasty One Top DIY cooking companion is here to help. Developed by Buzzfeed, the cooker can be connected to a smartphone app, which has more than 1,700 recipes and videos. You choose a recipe and the app will let the cooker know what to do. For example, it’ll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients.
Jibo
Smart speakers from companies like Amazon and Xiaomi have added a lot of fun to our lives, but they’re still just faceless speakers. However, Jibo, developed by MIT professor Cynthia Breazeal, has brought smart technology to life. Said to be “the world’s first social robot for the home”, Jibo looks like a cartoon character. Inside its “head”, there are various sensors (传感器) and cameras, which allow it to recognize faces and speech. It can also set alarms, remind you of important things, tell you the weather and read news or messages from your friends and family.
1. Which of the following is true of Ember Mug?| A．It’s an invention to heat coffee in 37 seconds. |
| B．It can make a cup of tea. |
| C．It’s hard to keep coffee at the right temperature by Ember Mug. |
| D．You can use it by setting through a smart-phone app. |
| A．By giving people different recipes. |
| B．By helping people cook intelligently. |
| C．By saving energy while cooking. |
| D．By offering different kinds of cooking apps. |
| A．A faceless robot. |
| B．A family assistant. |
| C．A cartoon character. |
| D．A smart alarm. |
| A．matter | B．magazine |
| C．invention | D．temperature |
| A．To advertise high-tech products. |
| B．To introduce some new inventions. |
| C．To encourage subscription to Time. |
| D．To tell about some “tasty” products. |
Guide to Film Festivals |
| Cannes Film Festival Cannes, France in May Top prize: Palme d'Or History: The first Cannes Film Festival was scheduled to take place in September 1939，but the outbreak of World War II forced its cancellation. It didn't open for the first time until after the war. The Palme d'Or prize was introduced in 1955. The festival became established during the 1960s and is now known as the world's most important film festival. Did you know? About 20 feature films compete each year for the Palme d'Or. Previous winners include Michael Moore and Quentin Tarantino. Unlike the Oscars，the top prize is frequently shared between two films. Famous films that have won the Palme d'Or include Apocalypse Now，Taxi Driver：La Dolce Vita and The Third Man. The festival attracts more than 40,000 people every year. |
| Venice Film Festival Venice, Italy in August/September Top prize: Golden Lion History: The Venice Film Festival is the oldest film festival. The film festival started in 1932 and it attracted over 25,000 people. The festival did not appear again until 1934, when there was a competition between 19 countries. The festival was held three times during World War II and has been held almost every year since then. Did you know? Films at the 61st Venice Film Festival in 2004 were nominated for 16 awards at the Oscars—the highest ever for the festival. These films included Vera Drake, Shark Tale, Collateral and Finding Never land. |
| The London Film Festival London, UK in October/November Top prize: Non-competitive History: The London Film Festival started in 1956 when a group of film critics led by the famous Dilys Powell, the film critic for The Sunday Times, got together over dinner. They discussed the festivals at Cannes and Venice, and they agreed that London needed one, too. They wanted to give people the opportunity to see films from around the world that were not being shown in the cinemas. The first festival showed 20 films at the National Film Theatre on the South Bank. Did you know? The festival is one of Europe's largest public film events, screening about 280 films from60 countries. Although it is non-competitive, the British Film Institute awards the Sutherland Trophy to the most original and imaginative feature film screened at the festival. |
1. We can know from the passage that _______.
| A．The Third Man won the Golden Lion |
| B．the Cannes Film Festival started in 1939 |
| C．the Palme d'Or can be awarded to two films |
| D．the Palme d'Or prize was introduced during World War II |
| A．didn't attract many people at first |
| B．has been held every year since 1934 |
| C．is regarded as the most important film festival |
| D．has been running longer than any other film festival |
| A．To bring film critics together. |
| B．To compete with other film festivals. |
| C．To choose the most original feature films. |
| D．To see films not shown in the cinemas. |
