Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street? Perhaps they were busy talking, texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them.As the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising, they have been given a new name—phubbers（低头族）.
Recently, a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight.In the short film, phubbers with various social identities(身份) bury themselves in their phones.A doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die, a pretty woman takes selfie（自拍） in front of a car accident site, and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone.A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.
Although the ending sounds overstated（夸大）, the damage phubbing can bring is real.
Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it.“Constantly bending your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck,” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying.“The neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching.” Also, staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report.
But that’s not all.Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family.At reunions with family or friends, many people tend to stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.
It can also cost you your life.There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight.
1. For what purpose does the author give the example of a cartoon in Paragragh2?| A．To inform people of the bad effects of phubbing. |
| B．To advertise the cartoon made by students. |
| C．To indicate the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers. |
| D．To warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients. |
| A．His social skills could be affected. |
| B．His neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed. |
| C．He will cause the destruction of the world. |
| D．He might get separated from his friends and family. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Opposed. |
| C．Neutral | D．Objective |
| A．Advice on how to use a cell phone. | B．People addicted to phubbing. |
| C．Measures to reduce the risks of phubbing. | D．Consequences of phubbing. |
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【推荐1】Last Thursday, New Zealand announced a plan. Under the plan, the country would make it illegal for people born after 2008 to buy cigarettes(香烟). The plan is made to keep young people from ever starting to smoke. And it won’t make a difference to people who are currently smokers.
Starting in 2023, people under the age of 15 would be banned from buying cigarettes. After that, the age limit for buying tobacco products would be raised every year. By 2050, someone would have to be at least 42 years old to buy cigarettes. In short, the move will stop people born after 2008 from ever buying tobacco products.
Tobacco products contain a drug called nicotine(尼古丁). Though nicotine is a poison, when people have a little bit of it, it can give them an excited feeling. Over time, nicotine changes the body so people feel like they need more of it. They may feel sick if they don’t get more. Then people are unable to stop taking it. That’s why it’s so difficult for people to stop smoking.
________. It’s one of the leading causes of deaths around the world. In New Zealand, about 5,000 people die every year from illnesses connected with smoking.
No country has ever tried an age limit-raising plan like New Zealand’s before. The government says studies show that cigarettes sales to young people drop when the age limit is raised. The new plan, which is expected to become a law next year, is the first of its kind in the world.
1. What’s the purpose of the new plan?| A．To prevent people from smoking. | B．To order the young not to start smoking. |
| C．To stop people from buying cigarettes. | D．To encourage young people to start smoking. |
| A．Stopped. | B．Protected. | C．Forced. | D．Encouraged. |
| A．It is very expensive to buy cigarettes in New Zealand. |
| B．But sometimes cigarettes can make people relaxed. |
| C．Do you want to know more about cigarettes? |
| D．Smoking tobacco is very dangerous to human’s health. |
| A．Health. | B．Sports. | C．Entertainment. | D．School life. |
【推荐2】Nowadays there is less and less contact between the old and the young. There are many reasons for this, but the result is the same: increasing numbers of children without grandparents and old people who have no contact with children. And more old people who are lonely and feel use- less, along with more and more families with young children who desperately need more support. It’s a major problem in many societies.
That’s why intergenerational programmes, designed to bring the old and the young together, are growing in popularity all over the world, supported by UNESCO and other local and international organisations. There are examples of successful initiatives all over the world. Using young people to teach IT skills to older people is one obvious example. Using old people as volunteer assistants in schools is another, perhaps reading with children who need extra attention.
One successful scheme in France is combining a residential home for the elderly with a creche/nursery school in the same building. The children and the residents eat lunch together and share activities such as music, painting, gardening and caring for the pets which the residents are encouraged to keep. In the afternoons, the residents enjoy reading or telling stones to the children and, if a child is feeling sad or tired, there is always a kind lap to sit on and a cuddle (依偎). There are trips out and birthday parties too.
The advantages are enormous for everyone concerned. The children are happy because they get a lot more individual attention and respond well because someone has lime, for them. They also learn that old people are not different or frightening in any way. And of course, they see illness and death and learn to accept them. The residents are happy because they feel useful and needed. They are more active and more interested in life when the children are around and they take more interest in their appearance too. And the staff are happy because they see an improvement in the physical and psychological health of the residents and have an army of assistants to help with the children.
1. What is the social problem talked about in Paragraph 1?| A．A generation gap. | B．Caring for children. |
| C．Intergenerational contact. | D．The support for the aged. |
| A．Make the old take care of children. |
| B．Help the old people learn new things. |
| C．Encourage the young to care for the old. |
| D．Increase contact between the old and the young. |
| A．Joining an elderly house with a kindergarten. |
| B．Hiring old people as child - care workers. |
| C．Helping children face misfortunes bravely. |
| D．Using children to accompany the old. |
| A．It builds up their strength. |
| B．They live a healthier life. |
| C．It creates a family atmosphere. |
| D．They are closer to their relatives. |
【推荐3】It’s easy to believe that robots are stealing jobs from human workers and badly affect the job market; after all, you’ve likely heard that they are tracking and moving packages without the use of human hands.
But there’s no need to worry about a robot takeover just yet, says a new study from BYU sociology professor Eric Dahlin. Dahlin’s research found that robots aren’t replacing humans at the rate most people think, but people are likely to greatly exaggerate (夸大) the rate of robot takeover.
To understand the relationship between job loss and robots, Dahlin surveyed nearly 2,000 people about their views on jobs being replaced by robots. They were first asked to guess what is the percentage of employees whose employers have replaced jobs with robots. They were then asked whether their employers have ever replaced their jobs with robots.
The study found that only 14% of workers say they’ve seen their job replaced by a robot. But those who have experienced job displacement due to a robot overstate the effect of robots taking jobs from humans by about three times.
“Our understanding of robots taking over jobs is greatly exaggerated,” says Dahlin. Those who haven’t lost jobs overstate it by about double, and those who have lost jobs overstate it by about three times. Eye-catching headlines saying a bad future of employment have likely overblown the situation of robots taking over jobs.
The finding fits early studies, which suggest that robots aren’t replacing workers. Rather, workplaces, where both employees and robots are working together, deliver more value in a way. “An everyday example is an autonomous machine at your local department store,” says Dahlin. “This robot cleans the floors while employees clean under shelves or other difficult-to-reach places.”
1. How did Eric Dahlin carry out his research?| A．By asking people questions. | B．By comparing early studies. |
| C．By interviewing employers. | D．By studying new businesses. |
| A．Low pay. | B．Physical health. |
| C．News reports. | D．Fewer workplaces. |
| A．Robots can work as human partners. | B．Job markets will be affected seriously. |
| C．All human workers will be replaced. | D．Work experience matters too much. |
【推荐1】There is a benefit in acknowledging the fact that our brains are born with a negativity preference that serves to protect us from potential harm. We would not have lasted very long as a species if our ancestors had kept optimistic in the face of a charging tiger rather than thinking the worst and allowing the natural response of fight-or-flight to kick in.
The psychological technique of using a negative outlook for personal growth is known as defensive pessimism (DP). Rather than forcing oneself to adopt a positive mindset, DP focuses on preparing for worst cases, thereby reducing anxiety. Let’s face it: Telling an anxious mind not to worry is as useless as trying not to get wet in a rainstorm by thinking sunny thoughts; better to take shelter. Many people have used this technique in their daily lives without giving it a name. COVID-19 gave us all a chance to practice DP as we look precautions to decrease our chances of becoming infected.
This psychological mind trick is not without its drawbacks. Applied too often, life can become a series of setbacks, only taking discomfort in the fact that one’s prediction of the worst case came true. Personal relationships may also suffer, as the optimists in one’s life grow weary of the glass always being half-empty and will, at times, take to ironically singing “Don’t worry, be happy” as payback.
There is likely to be a day when the glass-half-empty/half-full debate is replaced by the realization that optimism and pessimism don’t oppose each other, they support each other. and trying to have one without the other is like trying to have a one-sided coin.
1. What would defensive pessimists do in wet weather?| A．Picture sunny days. | B．Open an umbrella. |
| C．Feel the rainstorm. | D．Run through the rain. |
| A．make a comparison | B．propose an argument |
| C．introduce a topic | D．clarify a concept |
| A．Whatever will be, will be. | B．Every cloud has a silver lining |
| C．Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. | D．The glass is half full not half empty. |
| A．In defense of pessimism | B．The exploration of psychology |
| C．Pessimism: a one-sided coin | D．Negativity: tricky in psychology |
【推荐2】YOUR mom might cook a bowl of noodles for you on your birthday. But in the US, a mom makes a cupcake for her children on their birthday.
Cupcakes are small, round cakes topped with frosting (糖霜). It has been an American tradition that moms bring cupcakes to the classroom to celebrate their child’s birthday.
But recently some doctors have called for this to be banned. They believe cupcakes contribute to child obesity.
Despite their good intentions, however, some people believe that experts are interfering (妨碍) with American culture. The cupcake is seen as American as apple pie — only prettier.
According to Marion Nestle, a professor of nutrition at New York University, the cupcake is the most democratic (民主的) of desserts. As they are small enough for one person, you don’t have to share your cupcake with anyone — it’s all yours. They are also all the same size, so there can’t be any cries of “she got the bigger piece!”
Each bite can taste different depending on how much icing you have. It is a lesson in self-determination. Some people eat only a little of the frosting every time, others have it all in just one bite.
In recent years, eating a cupcake has become as trendy as having a cup of Starbucks coffee.
Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton jokingly promised on a talk show that if she was elected president, she would give everyone a cupcake on her birthday.
Ruth Reichl, editor-in-chief of Gourmet magazine, explains that the rise of the cupcake is very much about going back to American national identity in food, which is all about comfort. “People want to think about when they and their country were innocent,” she said.
1. According to the passage, it has been an American tradition that ___________.| A．a party for children on their birthday | B．a mom cooks a bowl of noodles for her children on their birthday |
| C．a mom makes a cupcake for her children on their birthday and brings it to the classroom | D．parents go travelling with their children on their birthday |
| A．Because they themselves don’t like cupcakes. |
| B．Because they think cupcakes are not so delicious. |
| C．Because they believe cupcakes will cause cries of “She got the bigger piece”. |
| D．Because they believe cupcakes are one of the causes to make children become fat. |
| A．The cupcake is more democratic than any other deserts in the US. |
| B．The cupcake is too small to share with others. |
| C．The sizes of cupcakes are the same so it’s equal to everyone. |
| D．Cupcakes will lead to child obesity so they should be banned. |
| A．popular | B．gentle | C．delicious | D．different |
| A．To arouse the readers’ attention. | B．To show that cupcakes are becoming a popular to show kindness and comfort. |
| C．To make a comparison between them. | D．To give readers a general idea of cupcakes. |
【推荐3】Driving in Canada is similar to driving in many parts of the United States. Distances and speeds, however, are posted in kilometers per hour and some signs, particularly in Quebec, may only be in French.
Unless otherwise posted, the maximum (最大限度的) speed limit in Canada is 50km/hr in cities and 80km/hr on highways. On rural highways, the posted speed limit may be 100km/hr. It is illegal to take automobile radar detectors (汽车雷达检测器) into Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, and the Yukon. In Canada, seat belt use is required by law for all people, and child car seats must be used by children under 40 pounds. Some provinces require drivers to keep their vehicles’ headlights on during the day and some have banned (禁止) driving while using a hand-held cell phone. Motorcycles cannot share a lane (车道), and safety helmets for motorcycle riders and passengers are necessary. Running a red light is a serious crime throughout Canada and drivers are advised to stop before starting when a light turns green.
Winter travel can be dangerous due to heavy snowfalls and icy conditions. Some roads and bridges are often closed in winter. Snow tires are required in some provinces. Travelers should also be careful about animals while driving at night in rural areas.
Highway 401, from Detroit to Montreal, is one of the busiest highways in North America. It has been the scene of many deadly traffic accidents due to sudden and severe weather changes, high rates of speed, and heavy truck traffic. Thus drivers should be alert while travelling here.
Please refer to our Road Safety page for more information. Also, we suggest that you visit the website of Canada’s national authority responsible for road safety.
1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?| A．All signs on the roads in Quebec are in English. |
| B．Automobile radar detectors are allowed to be used in Manitoba. |
| C．People may choose not to wear seat belts while in a car in Canada. |
| D．The speed of cars in Canadian cities should be less than 50km/hr. |
| A．careful | B．relaxed |
| C．nervous | D．pleased |
| A．Entertainment. | B．Travel. | C．Education. | D．Science. |
【推荐1】I made an important decision when I was in Junior 3.
Before I made that decision, I was one of the boys who tried too hard to act as an adult. I didn't know that only kids want to show themselves as adults.
I didn't listen to my parents and teachers, and my grades became poor. Then came the high school entrance exam.
At the turning point of my life, my mom wanted to have a conversation with me. I wanted to turn it down but when I looked at her eyes, I felt I couldn't refuse. Instead of asking me to study hard, to my surprise, Mom just asked what I wanted to do in the future. Without thinking too much, I just said I would like to study hard.
Mom smiled and asked again: “I asked: what do you WANT to do？”
I never seriously thought about the question. So, I kept silent.
“Whether you want to go on studying or enter the society, ” she went on, “it is your own decision. Your life should be decided by you, not by anyone else, including me.” After saying that, she had tears in her eyes.
For the first time in my life, I was asked to make my own decision. I sat in my chair and thought about myself, my life and what kind of person I wanted to become.
It took me what seemed to be ages to make the biggest decision so far in my life—I wanted to be a man who makes a difference in the world. To achieve that, I needed to study hard.
The path to my future became clear to me. I didn't act rebelliously any more. With passion in my heart, I studied hard. Now, I'm one of the best students in the class.
Thanks to that decision, I have become what I am today.
1. When did the boy make an important decision?| A．When he was in Junior 3. | B．When he was in high school. |
| C．A year ago. | D．When he was 17. |
| A．乘客 | B．激情 | C．传递 | D．反对 |
| A．She taught the boy the importance of study. | B．She had a big fight with the boy. |
| C．She had a conversation with the boy. | D．She told the boy to study hard. |
| A．The boy's grades were poor before he made the decision. |
| B．The boy's mother didn't force him to study hard. |
| C．He wanted to make a difference in the world. |
| D．The boy's mother made a decision for the boy. |
【推荐2】Have you ever stayed in a hotel? Most Chinese hotels often provide guests with things like disposable (一次性的) toothbrushes, toothpaste, shampoo and slippers.
Many guests like the idea because they don't have to bring their own. But, if you travel to Beijing, remember to bring your own things. Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposables. They want to ask people to use less disposable things.
Many disposable things are made of plastic. People throw them away after only using them once. It is a waste of natural resources and is very bad for the environment. Do you know, one Chinese person makes as much as 400 kg of waste a year! Most of that waste comes from disposable things. In Beijing, people throw away about 19,000 tons of plastic bags and 1,320 tons of plastic lunch bowls every year! Plastic can take between 100 and 400 years to break down. So the less plastic we throw out, the better. So, wherever you travel, bring your own things and use them again and again.
Back at home and school, you can also do something to make our world a better place. Try to do these things in your daily life: Use cloth shopping bags, not plastic ones. After using a plastic bag, wash it out and let it dry. Then you can use it over and over again. Do not use paper cups. At your school canteen, use your own bowl and chopsticks instead of disposable ones.
1. Why do many hotels provide guests with some disposable things?| A．Wish their guests to save money. |
| B．Hope their guests use less disposable things. |
| C．Want their guests to use more disposable things. |
| D．Let their guests be convenient during their travelling. |
| A．disposable things | B．cheap food and drinks |
| C．good service | D．free TV programmes |
| A．Making contrast. | B．Citing numbers. | C．Giving examples. | D．Telling a story. |
| A．Use shopping bags made of plastic. |
| B．Do not throw away paper cups. |
| C．Use disposable plates, bowls and chopsticks. |
| D．Do not forget to reuse daily necessities (日用品). |
【推荐3】Next time you raise an eyebrow at the views of your partner, friend, sibling or colleague, remember they could be helping to make you smarter. New research shows that intelligence is not fixed but can be improved throughout adulthood by family members, bright mates and intellectually challenging careers. The study challenges the commonly held belief that intelligence is fixed by the age of about 18.
Scientific consensus suggests that intelligence is controlled by genes, with environmental factors such as schooling and nutrition playing a partial role up to this age. After this point, IQ scores become steady. But James Flynn, professor of political studies and psychology at the University of Otago in New Zealand, argues that people can "upgrade" their own intelligence throughout their lives. He believes intellectual stimulation from others is important as the "brain seems to be rather like a muscle—the more you use it, the stronger it gets". However, the opposite is also true—so people sharing a home or workplace with those who are intellectually challenged risk seeing their IQ levels nosedive as a result.
Professor Flynn analyzed US intelligence tests from the last 65 years and created new IQ "age tables". He found a bright ten-year-old with brothers and sisters of average intelligence will suffer a five to ten point IQ disadvantage compared to a similar child with equally bright brothers and sisters and special educational treatment to help pull them up.
Professor Flynn also concluded that although genetics and early life experiences determine about 80% of intelligence, the remaining 20% is linked to lifestyle. This means that people can raise their IQ, or allow it to fall, by ten points or more. He suggested the best way to improve IQ levels is to mix with bright friends, find an intellectually challenging job and marry someone cleverer.
1. According to the text, it is commonly believed that ______ .| A．people' s IQ level falls as they age |
| B．it is wise to share family members' views |
| C．people cannot improve their intelligence during adulthood |
| D．doing something challenging is good for one's intelligence |
| A．vary | B．develop | C．change | D．fall |
| A．Making many friends. | B．Staying with smart people. |
| C．Doing exercise every day. | D．Learning from brothers or sisters |
| A．inform | B．advertise | C．entertain | D．persuade |
【推荐1】Two unusual groups — the same companies that are causing the most pollution, the BP oil company and Delta Air Lines, both announced plans to become carbon neutral (碳中和) by 2050 through decreasing resource usage as well as applying useful technology. Several other large oil companies, like Shell, Total, and Eni, have announced similar goals. Other airlines, like Qantas and JetBlue, are working on the same plan. Since airline travel causes around 2- 3% of the world’s greenhouse gases, making airlines carbon neutral would be a great step. Some people believe the companies are “greenwashing”. They are running the businesses the way they used to perform, and none plan to stop their polluting activities right away. Or some companies plan to meet some climate goals by buying “carbon offsets (补偿)”which means paying someone else to cut pollution or remove greenhouse gases. But it’s not always clear that offsetting truly lowers pollution.
Global heating is a huge part of the climate emergency. The world is getting hotter mainly because humans are burning “fossil (化石) fuels” like coal and oil. These fuels give off pollutants often called greenhouse gases. To become carbon neutral, it’s necessary to stop burning fossil fuels. Climate experts have said the best solution is to leave oil and coal in the ground, although it’s still hard to reach for the moment. The usual way most companies adopt is planting trees and allowing more areas for forest. “It’s slow but good,” said an expert from UNEP.
Man-made technology to remove large quantities of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere doesn’t exist yet. The idea behind this technology is that polluting gases could be removed from the atmosphere, caught, and stored somehow — usually underground. Though many questions remain about how the companies hope to meet their goals, since the main technology they expect and need is inaccessible, their planned changes are actually keeping up with the development of modern society. What’s more, they are putting billions of dollars into the effort to make carbon catch technology happen.
1. Why do some people say the companies mentioned in paragraph 1 are greenwashing?| A．They just buy carbon offsets. | B．They pay lip service to environmental issues. |
| C．They all plan to be carbon neutral. | D．They do not share a common plan and goal. |
| A．Expanding forest coverage. | B．Stopping burning fossil fuels. |
| C．Catching and storing the gases. | D．Closing down polluting factories. |
| A．Ambiguous. | B．Skeptical. | C．Positive. | D．Critical. |
| A．What Possibly Leads to Global Heating |
| B．Companies Take on Climate Emergency |
| C．Who Are Responsible for Greenhouse Gases |
| D．Technology for Climate Change Is on the Way |
【推荐2】Sam was born with a bone disease. He has never walked. His bones are so fragile that they can break if he just coughs or sneezes.
When Sam was young, he was always breaking bones. He never liked fireworks. A sudden loud bang would scare him so much that he could break some bones. Sam’s family had to learn how fragile he was. When he was a baby, it was very difficult for them.
No one knew much about what would happen to Sam. His friends grew taller, but he didn’t. Sam didn’t let how he looked worry him. “How we look on the outside,” he said, “is only a small part of who we are.”
Sam wanted to do everything that his friends did. Doctors put metal pins in his legs to make them stronger, but the pins didn’t help him walk. So Sam needed wheelchairs. Sam had wheelchairs to take him to different places. He had some wheelchairs for going over sand and others that would take him over muddy, rocky places.
Once, Sam’s wheelchair got stuck in some mud. There was no one around to help him, so he had to crawl home on his stomach.
Sam has been to many places in the world. He has been down rivers and in rainforests. If he couldn’t get somewhere in his chair, people would carry him.
One day, when Sam was in the mountains, his wheelchair broke. He knew a lot about chairs, but he couldn’t fix this one. Then, he had an idea. He would invent a new and different wheelchair. So Sam invented a chair that he can do everything in. Sam’s wheelchair, the EZi-Riser, can go as high as a bench and as low as the ground. It can move around in small places. Now, many people around the world are using his wheelchair.
Sam will always be small. He will never be able to walk. But he says, “There is always a way to do everything. It may not be the way most people do things. It may take a while to work it out, but there is always a way.”
1. What can we learn about Sam?| A．He grew taller than his friends. |
| B．He was worried about how he looked on the outside. |
| C．He liked playing with fireworks when he was young. |
| D．He has had serious bone disease since he was born. |
| A．his wheelchair got stuck in some mud |
| B．his wheelchair broke while in the mountains |
| C．he wanted to go down rivers and rainforests |
| D．he intended to help more people in the world |
| A．Helpful and honest. | B．Careful and friendly. |
| C．Strong-willed and creative. | D．Warm-hearted and humorous. |
【推荐3】
| Student Helper Wanted Are you good at English? Can you be good with children? The English Study Center needs a weekend student helper for primary school students. Please call us at 4435667. | The History Museum Time: 9:00-17:00 from Tuesday to Sunday Ticket: 30 yuan Add: 186 Guangming Road Telephone: 9817745 |
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1. You can’t visit the History Museum on ____________________.
| A．Monday | B．Tuesday | C．Saturday | D．Wednesday |
| A．two pills each time, twice a day | B．one pill each time, three times a day |
| C．two pills each time, three times a day | D．one pill each time, one time a day |
| A．9817745 | B．9817475 | C．3796174 | D．4435667 |
| A．thirty | B．sixty | C．seventy | D．fifty |
| A．at sports | B．with children | C．at drawing | D．at speaking |
