The Silk Road is a special name for a route(路线） that is not a road.
Recently,people have found some burnt grains, which were East Asia, at four ancient sites in Middle Asian countries.
This means that
The Silk Road affects the way we eat in different countries today,China received seeds of rice and grapes in the early days, Chinese people learnt how to make wine from rice and then also used grapes for this. At the same time, other new seeds of vegetables also came to China.
Seeds were also taken from one area to another all over the world.
| A．It is not made from silk,either. |
| B．They speak different languages. |
| C．In the West,wheat was used to make bread. |
| D．People had to learn how to grow new crops. |
| E．Cucumbers, onions and carrots were a few of them. |
| F．These countries are believed to be in the middle of the routes. |
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【推荐1】Columbus Day has been on American calendars when President Franklin D Roosevelt declared October 12 a federal(联邦政府的)holiday to honor the Italian explorer who" discovered" the Americas in 1492. However, the holiday has always been controversial. Many people believe that Christopher Columbus should not be given credit for " discovering" the continent, since Native Americans had already been living there for generations.
Besides, the explorer's mission was not a scientific " voyage of discovery". but one intended to conquer the new land. Critics maintain that the Spanish army Columbus brought on his second voyage, caused the deaths of hundreds of thousands of indigenous(土著的)people. Those that survived the massacre(大屠杀)became slaves, working in mines. Many, therefore, believe that the explorers arrival should not be celebrated.
In 1977, a delegation of Native nations at the International Conference on Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations in the Americas, proposed renaming the holiday " Indigenous Peoples Day". The proposal passed with a majority.
However, convincing the rest of the country to do the same was not that easy. It took 15 years before the city of Berkeley in California adopted the name in 1992 and then 37 years before Minneapolis, MN and Seattle, WA did the same in 2014, The following year, eight more cities including Abuquerque, NM and Portland, OR, began celebrating the second Monday of October as " Indigenous Peoples' Day". The movement really started to gain momentum in 2016 when 19 more cities, including Boulder, CO and Phoenix, AZ, as well as the states of Minnesota and Vermont, all decided to rename the day to honor Native Americans. In 2017, 21 more cities, including Austin, TX and Los Angeles, CA made the shift.
With the increasingly larger number of cities moving away from Columbus Day each year, it will be interesting to see if "Indigenous Peoples" Day" will get federal recognition. Meanwhile, it will continue to be the focal point of debates throughout America.
1. Many people don't agree that .| A．Columbus was honored for the "discovery" |
| B．Columbus was a remarkable explorer |
| C．Native Americans were abused |
| D．Columbus Day is a public holiday |
| A．Columbus was well received by indigenous people. |
| B．The indigenous people hated the Columbus' arrival. |
| C．The Spanish army fought against Columbus' rule. |
| D．Few soldiers survived the. attack by Native Americans. |
| A．Portland | B．Phoenix |
| C．Seattle. | D．Los Angeles. |
| A．Indigenous Peoples' Day Has Got Federal Recognition After Years' Work |
| B．Columbus Day Honoring the Italian Explorer Has Always Been Controversial |
| C．Christopher Columbus Should Not Be Given Credit for Discovering the Americas |
| D．More Cities Have Replaced Columbus Day with Indigenous Peoples' Day |
【推荐2】In 2017, Yazd, a city in the desert of central Iran, was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Yazd has long been a focal point for creative inventiveness. It is home to an underground refrigeration structure called yakchat and an underground irrigation system called qanats. In addition, the city has the wind catcher, a cooling architectural element that has been used for thousands of years. And it has the most wind catchers in the world.
These remarkable towers are a common sight standing above the buildings of Yazd. There are two main forces that drive the air through and down into the structures: the incoming wind and the change in buoyancy (浮力) of air. First，as air is caught by the opening of a wind catcher, it is led down to the house below. Then the air flows throughout the inside of the building, sometimes over underground pools of water for further cooling. Eventually, warmed air will rise and leave the building through another tower or opening.
Some of the earliest wind-catching technology came from Egypt 3,300 years ago. Here, buildings had thick walls, few windows facing the sun, an opening to take in air and an exit opening on the other side known as malqaf architecture. Iran’s wind-catching technology is widely considered to have added structural improvements to allow for better cooling-such as typically combining it with its existing irrigation system to help to cool the air down before releasing it throughout the home.
The structures, which require no electricity to power them, are now drawing scientists back to the desert city to see what role they could play in keeping us cool in a rapidly heating world. Parham Kheirkhah Sangdeh has extensively studied the scientific application and surrounding culture of wind catchers in contemporary architecture at Ilam University in Iran. He hopes to see Iran’s wind catchers updated to add energy-efficient cooling to existing buildings. “People need to keep an eye on the past and understand why energy conservation is important,” he says.
1. Which of the following makes the city of Yazd unusual?| A．Its long history. |
| B．Its extreme climates. |
| C．Its ancient innovative wonders. |
| D．Its central geographical position. |
| A．Near a house’s door. |
| B．Above the rooftop. |
| C．Beside the underground pools. |
| D．Beneath a house’s windows. |
| A．It is surrounded by thicker walls. |
| B．It has no windows facing the sun. |
| C．It requires no electricity to power it. |
| D．It takes advantage of water’s properties. |
| A．Introducing wind catchers into today’s buildings. |
| B．Studying the earliest wind catchers in Egypt. |
| C．Repairing traditional wind catchers in Yazd. |
| D．Creating energy conservation labs at Ilam University. |
He summoned（召集）the best artists and architects from India, Turkey, Persia and Arabia and finally, the design was complete. It took more than twenty thousand men working over a period of 18 years to build the Taj Mahal, one of the most beautiful buildings in the world.
The building itself stands on a marble platform 29 meters square and 6-7 meters high. Towers rise from each of the four corners. The Taj itself soars another 61 meters into the air. It is an eight-sided building made of white marble.
The emperor planned to build an identical tomb of black marble for himself on the other side of the river connected by a silver bridge. However his son put him into a prison in the palace before he could finish, and for the rest of his life, he could only gaze across river at the tomb of his beloved wife.
1. The whole passage tells us about ______.
| A．a beautiful fairy tale |
| B．the story of the Taj Mahal |
| C．white and black marble tombs made for two emperors |
| D．the love story of Emperor Shah Jahan and his wife |
| A．It was completed quickly owing to the efforts of the best artists and workers. |
| B．A lot of people took part in the building work |
| C．It is a magnificent building. |
| D．It is a tomb for the emperor’s beloved wife. |
| A．61 meters high | B．eight-sided |
| C．black-colored | D．white-colored |
| A．died soon after Taj Mahal died |
| B．was killed by his son |
| C．was beloved by his people |
| D．died after 1648 |
