The Gatais used to frown when they received power bills that routinely topped $200. Last September the couple moved into a 1,500-square-foot home in Premier Gardens, a subdivision of 95 “zero-energy homes” (ZEH) just outside town. Now they’re actually eager to see their electricity bills. The grand total over the 10 months they’ve lived in the three-bedroom house: $75. For the past two months they haven’t paid a cent.
ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume. Premier Gardens is one of a half-dozen subdivisions in California where every home cuts power consumption by 50%, mostly by using low-power appliances and solar panels.
Aside from the panels on the roof, Premier Gardens looks like a community of conventional homes. But inside, special windows cut power bills by blocking solar heat in summer and retaining indoor warmth in winter.
The rest of the energy savings comes from the solar units. They don’t just feed the home they serve. If they generate more power than the home is using, the excess flows into the utility’s power grid (电网). The residents are billed by “net metering”: they pay for the amount of power they tap off the grid, less the kilowatts (千瓦) they feed into it. If a home generates more power than it uses, the bill is zero.
That sounds like a bad deal for the power company, but it’s not. Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. “It helps us lower usage at peak power times,” says solar expert Mike Keesee. “That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time.”
What’s not to like? Mostly the costs. The special features can add $25000 or more to the purchase price of a house. Tax breaks bring the cost down, especially in California, but in many states ZEHs can be prohibitively expensive. For the consumer, it’s a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the utilities.
1. Why are the Gatais eager to see their electricity bills now?A.They want to see how much they have saved. |
B.They want to cut down their utility expenses. |
C.They want to know if they are able to pay. |
D.They want to avoid being overcharged. |
A.They have created cutting-edge technologies. |
B.They aim to produce enough power themselves. . |
C.They are subdivided into half a dozen sections. |
D.They are built in harmony with the environment. |
A.They are only charged for the amount of power they consume on rainy days. |
B.They needn’t pay a single cent for their power consumption on sunny days. |
C.They only pay for the excess power that flows into the utility’s power grid. |
D.They pay for the electricity from the grid less their home-generated power. |
A.More pressure at peak time. |
B.Less profits in the short term. |
C.Increased electricity output. |
D.Reduced operational costs. |
A.is but a dream for average consumers |
B.gives the owner substantial tax benefits |
C.is a worthy investment in the long run |
D.contributes to environmental protection |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Three in five people in the UK hold a library card. For some, they’re a shelter from the stresses of day-to-day life.
Most libraries in the UK allow members of the general public to come and go as they like.
Libraries develop with times. They have changed greatly since decades ago.
Libraries are one of very few spaces left in towns and cities where members of the public can come together and actually be and feel like a community. They have notice boards to offer services like exercise classes or learning centers.
A.Libraries help people learn. |
B.Libraries help educate the kids. |
C.They create a great sense of community. |
D.You can go in, settle down and read a book without being charged a penny. |
E.Most libraries now have computers and allow people to borrow CDs and DVDs. |
F.Libraries help us save money as we’re borrowing books rather than buying them. |
G.For others, particularly the homeless and people in poverty, a lifeline to the world. |
【推荐2】Have you ever had trouble sleeping in a new place?
The researchers said this appears a case of the brain keeping people ready for trouble in a new place. Many people report they have a harder time sleeping the first night at a hotel or other places outside their home.
They found during the first night the left hemisphere(半球) of the brain was more active than the right hemisphere. Sasaki said a lot of questions remain.
A.Lots of people do. |
B.Most people are unaware of it. |
C.The two nights were a week apart. |
D.They call it the “first-night effect”. |
E.For some, this research may be calming. |
F.Researchers did not keep measuring brain waves all night long. |
G.Researchers found the extra brain activity in the left hemisphere. |
【推荐3】Huge numbers of migrating (迁徙) birds visit cities all around the world on their extraordinary journeys, which often cover thousands of kilometers. Some appear to be attracted by light. Others seem to enjoy the food on offer. But cities are not always friendly to outsiders. Some migrating birds, for example, are killed by cats while others collide (碰撞) with buildings.
What draws birds to big cities in the first place? It could largely be to do with light, says Barbara Frei at Environment and Climate Change Canada, a department of the Canadian government. No one knows exactly why birds are attracted to artificial light at night but there is enough evidence for this effect. One possibility, Frei says, is that birds which use starlight and other phenomena to navigate (导航) are naturally attracted by points of light.
More than 100 years ago, the Irish ornithologist (鸟类学家) Charles Patten was stationed at a lighthouse off the coast of Ireland where he observed this phenomenon first-hand. According to his reports, groups of migrating birds would fly towards the lighthouse and, unfortunately for them, crash into its windows. But back then, sources of very bright, artificial light were uncommon, whereas today electric light is visible practically everywhere at night.
It is important to ensure that cities are accommodating for wildlife, says Frei. Bird migration routes just happen to bring them close to many cities all around the world, and our bright light draws them in. Frei proposes that urban planning take this into account. The designers of every new park or housing estate could include some plants suitable for birds and other species, for instance. “We should plan it for all different things together——it’s good for people; it’s good for the planet; It’s good for the wildlife.” she asserts. “we need to think of cities as ecosystems. if we think about it, we are the masters of this ecosystem and we can decide how to manage this place.”
1. Which problem may be faced by migrating birds in the city?A.They could be shot by hunters. |
B.The food on offer may be poisonous. |
C.Their lives are threatened by some animals. |
D.They may run into some means of transportation. |
A.Artificial light. | B.The lighthouse. |
C.Starlight. | D.Moonlight. |
A.Artificial light is harmful to migrating birds. |
B.More and more birds pour into the city. |
C.Lighthouses help birds identify their directions. |
D.Man-made light sources were rich in the past. |
A.Ecosystems should be better protected. |
B.People should fit more artificial light. |
C.The number of artificial light should be increased. |
D.People should improve the living conditions of wildlife. |
【推荐1】A new study shows that we spend more time using the mobile Internet to read newspapers and magazines or do some other things. According to the Interactive Advertising Bureau (IAB), the average European spends 4.8 hours reading newspapers and magazines but 1.6 hours more using the mobile Internet per week.
The IAB questioned 15000 people in 15 European countries, looking at how people were using the Internet and its influence on their everyday lives. It found that the mobile Internet is increasingly finding its way into the public awareness. Over 71 million Europeans now have the Internet access on their mobile phones. In the UK,10 million people now access the Internet through their mobile phones and spend 6.3 hours doing so per week on average.
Unsurprisingly, young generations in the UK are leading the way, with nearly half the country’s16-to 24-year-old young people and a quarter of 25- to 34-year-old people using the Internet, spending 6.5 and 6.2 hours online each week respectively.
Entertainment plays a main role in our mobile Internet lives, with one in five British people using their phones for online games, a third listening to the online video and 39% watching movies, TV or other videos at least once a week. One third of those using an Internet phone said they received videos, images or other multimedia information on their mobile phones and 61% said they passed on the contents they had received.
From a communicative point of view, 80% of these questioned agreed that the Internet had made it easier for them to stay in touch with friends and family.
Alison Fennah, Executive Business Adviser at IAB Europe, said the use of the mobile Internet had come to the point that marketers should be looking to strategies (策略) that connect them with consumers more effectively. “Better devices, as well as improved consumer motivation that started coming together in 2011, can make a great difference to extending the online experience.” Fennah said.
1. How long does a European spend on the mobile Internet per week according to the IAB?A.4.8 hours. | B.6.2 hours. | C.1.6 hours. | D.6.4 hours. |
A.Entertainment. | B.Communication. | C.Advertising. | D.Study. |
A.More than half of people in the UK use the mobile Internet. |
B.The Internet is the most effective way to stay in touch with friends and family. |
C.Better tools and improved consumer motivation help extend the online experience. |
D.The UK has the largest number of people that use mobile Internet in Europe. |
A.How to use mobile phones to surf the Internet. |
B.Newspapers and magazines will disappear soon. |
C.How the Internet influences our daily lives. |
D.More and more people use the Internet in Europe. |
【推荐2】According to a new study,a lot of kids don't drink enough water.Erica Kenney,a scientist at Harvard's T.H.Chan School of Public Health,planned to look into the amount of sugary drinks kids drank at first.However,she found many kids had not enough water to drink.
Kenney and her team studied a group of 4,000 children,aged 6 to 19,between the years 2009 and 2012.She noticed that more than half of the kids were dehydrated (脱水的).Boys were 76% more likely than girls to lack (缺乏) enough water.Nearly one quarter of the kids reported having no plain water.
“These findings are important because they show a potential (潜在的) health problem that has not been given a lot of attention in the past,” said Erica Kenney.
60% of the human body is made up of water.It controls the body temperature,sends oxygen all over the body,helps digestion,and performs various other tasks that keep our bodies healthy.
Not drinking enough water can lead to health problems.Your body needs more water when you are in hot climates,when you take part in physical exercise,and if you have a fever.
The United States National Agriculture Library says on average,kids need between 10 to 14 cups of water every day.This water can come from some foods that contain high amounts of water,such as melons or tomatoes,instead of sugary drinks that are high in calories and can lead to weight problems.
“The good news is that this is a public health problem with a simple solution,” said senior author on the study and professor health sociology at Harvard University,Steven Gortmaker.“If we can focus on helping children drink more water,we will help them feel better throughout the day and do better in school.”
1. At first,Erica Kenney's study was to .A.find out how much water schools offered to kids |
B.test the bad effects sugary drinks have on kids |
C.research how much sugary drinks kids drank |
D.figure out whether kids like drinking sugary water |
A.most kids have health problems |
B.many kids don't drink enough water |
C.girls drink more sugary drinks than boys |
D.lacking enough water can be bad for kids' health |
A.It is just a simple health problem for kids to be dehydrated. |
B.The more water kids drink,the better grades they will get. |
C.Everyone has to drink 14 cups of water every day. |
D.Kids can benefit from drinking more water. |
A.Science. | B.Education. |
C.Health. | D.Economy. |
【推荐3】Many people believe that language belongs to human beings. However, cats have developed a language not for each other, but for the human beings who have them as pets.
When communicating with each other, cats "talk" with a system of signals. Their tails, rather than any kind of “speech", act as an important way to express themselves. They also touch each other to express their feelings. With other cats, they will use their voice only to express pain. Unbelievably, all of that changes when a human walks into the room. Cats use many different kinds of vocal (声音的)expressions when they communicate with a person. Since these vocal expressions are not used to communicate with other cats, it seems that cats have developed this "language" to communicate with their human owners.
This fact is shown more clearly when researchers are watching rooms that have only one cat and those with several cats. And when there is only one cat in the room, it is usually very vocal, since the only creature around with whom the cat can communicate is its owner. Cats with other cats, though, are much quieter. If they want to have a conversation, they only need go to other cats and communicate in their natural way.
Since cats have learned to meow( 喵喵叫) for the only purpose of communicating with human owners, their owners should take the time to learn what their different meows mean. If an owner knows, to name just a few examples, which meow means the cat is hungry, which means the cat .wants to be petted, and which means the cat wants to have a little "conversation" , the relationship between cats and owners will be closer.
1. If a cat, together with other cats, finds its body hurts, it may express it with its _______.A.tail | B.eyes |
C.head | D.voice |
A.Stop making any noise. | B.Use their tails to show love. |
C.Begin .to use vocal expressions. | D.Stop communicating with each other. |
A.Communicate more with cats. | B.Learn to meow in different ways. |
C.Encourage cats to talk with each other. | D.Teach cats to understand human language. |
A.The language of cats. | B.Advice on keeping pets. |
C.Pets* different expressions. | D.Communication among cats. |
【推荐1】Teenagers who spend more time watching TV, using iPads and playing electronic games take longer to fall asleep and get poorer quality rest. A new study suggests the growth in use of electronic media devices by children could harm their physical and mental health.
The 16-19-year-olds were asked how much screen time they spent outside school hours, and on what activities, for any of six electronic devices: computer, tablet, smartphone, MP3 player, games console(游戏机)and TV. They were also asked questions about their sleep routine on weekdays and at weekends: when they normally went to bed and got up; how much sleep they needed to feel rested; and how long it took them to get to sleep. Girls spent longer on their computers chatting online while boys spent longer playing games on computers.
The study found poorer quality sleep was related to more time spent on such devices, and it often took more than an hour to drop off. Total daytime screen use of more than four hours was related to a 49 percent greater risk of taking longer than 60 minutes to fall asleep.
On average, the teens said they needed 8-9 hours of sleep to feel rested. But those who spent more than two hours emailing or chatting online were more than three times as likely to sleep for less than five hours. Those spending more than four hours in front of any screen were 3.5 times as likely to sleep for less than five hours. Computers were the device most likely to cause problems.
Dr Mari Hysing, of Uni Research Health, Bergen, said screen use may simply replace sleeping time or it may affect sleep by stimulating the nervous system. It is also possible that the light from electronic devices may affect a teenager’s body clock. “The recommendation is not to have a TV in the bedroom,” added Dr Mari Hysing.
1. What do boys prefer to do on the Internet?A.They prefer to watch TV on computers. |
B.They prefer to get solutions for homework. |
C.They prefer to make friends with others. |
D.They prefer to spend time on computer games. |
A.get up | B.pay for |
C.take over | D.fall asleep |
A.They will suffer from lack of sleep. |
B.They will sleep for over eight hours. |
C.They will feel excited during daytime. |
D.They will create a new body clock. |
A.change the children’s sleeping time |
B.find ways to stimulate nervous system |
C.make children sleep as they could |
D.remove electronic devices from children’s bedroom |
【推荐2】Almost all calligraphy(书法) lovers agree that writing characters with a brush and ink on straw paper offers a way to communicate with not only history and culture, but also oneself. But now Chinese character handwriting is under threat from computers and mobile phones.
A college graduate looking for a job was reportedly turned down by a company because he wrote 24 characters incorrectly in a 400character handwritten resume. A survey by HorizonKey, covering people from 12 major cities in China, found that nearly one third of those interviewed often experience “character amnesia(遗忘)”, with 94 percent saying this is a problem for them.
The main reason is that most Chinese rely too much on the pinyinbased Chinese language input method, which is replacing the tradition of writing characters stroke(笔画) by stroke. The software will conveniently choose the right characters according to the context or word frequency, as there are dozens of characters with the same pronunciation in Chinese.
Education is another problem. In college, most homework and papers are printed out, instead of handwritten. And few teachers use chalk and blackboards, with Microsoft's PowerPoint the mostoften used software to teach knowledge to students.
The number of electronic devices in the classroom is thought to be another reason why students are easily satisfied with just a poor knowledge of the Chinese language and characters. It is quicker to look up a character in an electronic dictionary, but traditional printed dictionaries offer more detailed information on the usage and meaning of the characters. Students pay more attention to remembering a character's pronunciation, but not the other knowledge related to it, which edictionaries rarely provide.
Another worry is the “pollution” of Chinese characters by Internet language. Young people regard using Internet language as cool and fashionable. After they learn to use these expressions, they automatically include them in their writing.
1. With the example of a college graduate, the author shows ________.A.that practicing can improve writing |
B.why certain people are poor writers |
C.that there are differences in students' writing |
D.why Chinese character handwriting is in great danger |
A.are not good at handwriting |
B.can't write characters accurately |
C.show no interest in handwriting |
D.find jobs much more difficultly |
A.Dependence on electronic devices. |
B.Advantages of electronic dictionaries. |
C.Mastery of knowledge of the characters. |
D.Disadvantages of published dictionaries. |
A.Favorable. | B.Uncaring. |
C.Disapproving. | D.Friendly. |
【推荐3】Inspiration Tower
Inspiration Tower is on the highest point in Southwest Missouri. Take a glass lift to the spacious observation deck (甲板). The views are absolutely phenomenal in any season. On a clear day, you can see over 90 miles. Opens from 9 am to 5 pm daily: closes at 4 pm on Mondays and Tuesdays.
Titanic Museum Attraction
You’ll enter as a guest and leave as a Titanic Passenger! The exhibits you see throughout the ship are real and valued at over 4 million dollars. Visit a room where you can touch an authentic iceberg (冰山) and experience the coldness of the icy waters where the Titanic sank. Walk along decks at the same angle as the decks when the ship went down.
Shepherd of the Hills
Celebrate the Spirit of the Season at Shepherd of the Hills. NEW this year is "The North Pole Adventure". This All-New Family Walk Through Experience takes you on a journey through thousands of bright lights, hot chocolate stands and man-made objects. Don't forget to visit Santa's Workshop for a visit without Santa. This experience requires good weather.
7D Dark Ride Adventure
For an interactive game like you've never experienced before, gather your courage and check out the 7 D Dark Ride Adventure! Put all seven of your senses to the test today, at the 7D Dark Ride Adventure, a 3D ride guaranteed to get your heart pumping. Not recommended for visitors with back or heart problems.
1. When can you visit Inspiration Tower?A.At 8:30 am, Friday. | B.At 5:00 pm, Thursday. |
C.At 1:30 pm, Monday. | D.At 6:00 pm, Sunday. |
A.Have a bird view. | B.Walk along decks, |
C.Enjoy hot chocolate. | D.Test your bravery. |
A.Inspiration Tower. | B.Titanic Museum Attraction. |
C.Shepherd of the Hills. | D.7D Dark Ride Adventure. |
Sonoma Bike Tour Start and end in San Francisco! With the bicycle tour Sonoma Bike Tour, you have a 6-day tour package taking you through San Francisco, USA and 3 other destinations (目的地) in USA. AGE RANGE 12 to 80 MAX GROUP SIZE 14 TRANSPORTATION Bicycle Days: 6 Our saving: $108 From US $ 2,587 |
California Cruzin’ Hub Tour Start and end in Los Gatos! With the bicycle tour California Cruzin’ Hub Tour, you have a 6-day tour package taking you through Los Gatos, USA and 5 other destinations in USA. AGE RANGE 14 to 80 MAX GROUP SIZE 12 TRANSPORTATION Bicycle, Mini-bus Days: 6 Our saving: $103 From US $ 2,477 |
Sonoma & Napa Valley Bike Tour Start and end in San Francisco! With the bicycle tour Sonoma & Napa Valley Bike Tour, you have a 6-day tour package taking you through San Francisco, USA and 4 other destinations in USA. AGE RANGE 12 to 80 MAX GROUP SIZE 14 TRANSPORTATION Mini-bus Days: 6 Our saving: $120 From US $ 2,875 |
Death Valley Bike Tour Start and end in Las Vegas! With the bicycle tour Death Valley Bike Tour, you have a 6-day tour package taking you through Las Vegas, USA and 7 other destinations in USA. Death Valley Bike Tour is a small group tour that includes accommodation as well as an expert guide, meals, transport and more. AGE RANGE 12 to 80 MAX GROUP SIZE 15 TRANSPORTATION Mini-bus Days: 6 Our saving: $122 From US $ 2,875 |
A.Sonoma Bike Tour. |
B.Death Valley Bike Tour. |
C.California Cruzin’ Hub Tour. |
D.Sonoma & Napa Valley Bike Tour. |
A.It starts and ends in San Francisco. |
B.It provides accommodation and meals. |
C.You can travel to at most 7 destinations. |
D.Anyone aged 10 to 80 can take part in the tour. |
A.Destinations. | B.Transportation. |
C.Group size. | D.Time length. |
【推荐2】“It’s a big hammer to crack a nut.” This is how one angry parent described the recent crackdown (严厉的打击) by London police on parents who drop their kids off at school by car. Yes, you read that correctly—the very mode of transportation that many American schools insist is the only safe way to deliver kids to school is now considered illegal in the UK.
The decision to fine any vehicles seen dropping off or picking up kids within a particular zone of east London comes from city councillors’ (议员) long-term efforts to make the area safer and less crowded. They say they’ve been trying for years “to encourage reasonable parking”, but in vain. Neighborhood residents complain frequently about their driveways being blocked by illegally parked cars for 15 minutes or more,often while they’re trying to get to work, and the streets are long overcrowded.
Now the rules have changed. Some parents are angry. Angie is a mother who made the “big hammer” comment and says the crackdown is “way over the top.” The nearest drop-off point for her six- year-old is now a five-minute walk from the school. Others are happy with the decision, severe though it may seem. Councillor Jason Frost said :
“Traffic has significantly reduced,and more children are now walking to school, which is a great outcome. I would rather have complaints that we are slightly inconveniencing parents than hear that a child had been seriously injured because nothing was done.”
I witness daily the chaos created by these in-town drivers, when I walk my own kids to school. There’s a parking lot crowded with vehicles and a slow-moving train of cars moving in circles, many filling the air with harmful smoke. Meanwhile, the conversations around overweight children and the importance of daily physical activities continue to stand out in schools.
1. Why is Angie Baillieul opposed to the new rule?A.She is often fined by London police. |
B.She will lose her job as a school driver. |
C.She has adapted to the American practice. |
D.She thinks it adds inconvenience to her kid. |
A.People’s complaints. |
B.Students’ health. |
C.Students’ safety. |
D.Parents’ inconvenience. |
A.Less daily chaos. |
B.Favor from all people. |
C.More over-weight children. |
D.Complaints from neighbors. |
A.Favorable. | B.Uncaring. |
C.Doubtful. | D.Opposed. |
【推荐3】Themed "New Era Shared Future" the third China International Import Expo (CIIE) was held from Nov 5 to 10 in Shanghai. More than 2,600 enterprises gathered and presented their advanced products. And may innovative products have made their world premiere(首次亮相) Let’s have a look at three of them.
Portable kayak
Lightweight and durable(耐用的) equipment is what all sport lovers desire. At the CIIE, the French sporting goods company Decathlon Launched is portable kayak(便携式皮划艇) ITIWIT X500. According to the company, he kayak measures 380cm in length and 65cm in width when inflated(充气).When not in use, it can be folded up to the size of a backpack.
In addition to its portability, the kayak also has the high performance capability of a professional kayak. It consists of five independent air chambers(气囊). Even if two of them don't work, the kayak floats are enough for sports enthusiasts to return to the shore safely.
Myopia prevention glasses
Frequent exposure to electronic devices has led to poor eyesight among teenagers. To address this issue, French company Essilor released a myopia(近视) control lens.
With the help of advanced technology, the lens can create a beam in front of the retina(视网膜) to slow down the increase of the eye axis.
“After more than two years of clinical research, the results show that the lens has an obvious effect on slowing down myopia progression in children,” said La Fan, a professor at Eye Optical Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University.
Mind-reading ping-pong robot
Like ping-pong but afraid of criticism from your coach? The sixth generation of the Forpheus ping-pong robot from Japanese tech company Omron may help you.
The robot has multi-axis robotic arm that can imitate human strategies. It can actually live up to the feeling of playing against a real opponent.
At the same time, it can use sensors on the paddle(拍子) and five cameras to work out where you are and how you're moving. After analyzing your abilities, it can adjust its own playing level to match yours. The robot “pursues harmony of humans and machines by patiently teaching us how to play ping-pong”, noted The Verge.
1. What is the function of the five independent air chambers?A.To make the kayak light. | B.To make the kayak easy to be folded up. |
C.To make the kayak look cool. | D.To make the kayak safer. |
A.The robot doesn't embarrass people when teaching. |
B.The robot fails t figure out human strategies. |
C.The robot can't create the feeling of a real ping-pong match. |
D.The robot isn’t able to match people’s different skill levels. |
A.To advertise some products sown at the CIIE. |
B.To introduce some products shown at the CIIE. |
C.To compare some products shown at the CIIE. |
D.To explain how to use some products shown at the CIIE. |