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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:280 题号:12565445

Violent winter weather sweeping across large parts of the central and southern US has brought record-breaking cold temperatures, leaving the electricity cut off and at least 21 deaths.

The worst power outages were in Texas, where more than 4 million homes and businesses remained without power on Tuesday in subfreezing temperatures. Elsewhere more than 250,000 people also lost power across parts of Appalachia, and 4 million people lost power in Mexico.

The blackouts forced Harris county to scramble(争夺)to get more than 8,000 doses of Moderna's coronavirus vaccine into people's arms, after the county public health facility lost power and its back-up generator also failed. The conditions also delayed vaccine shipments. State officials said Texas, due to receive more than 400,000 doses this week, did not expect deliveries until at least Wednesday.

Associating climate change, normally connected with burning heat, with an unusual winter storm that has destroyed a wide part of Texas, most people find it seem so abnormal. But scientists say there is evidence that the rapid heating of the Arctic can help push cold air from the north pole much further south, possibly to the US-Mexico border.

This phenomenon has shown itself to a dramatic degree over the past month, with a splitting of the polar vortex(涡旋)helping cause huge flurries of snow in Europe as well as record cold temperatures in parts of the US used to milder winters.

There is no agreement among scientists over the interaction between Arctic heat and cold weather further south, which is called as a topic of “an active area of research”. Global heating is causing warmer winters, and record cold temperatures are now being clearly outpaced by record hot temperatures, but the complex interaction of climatic conditions still requires further investigation, to the great surprise of some among others, including some famous scientists.

1. What record has been broken recently in the US?
A.The power outage.B.The cold weather.
C.Coronavirus vaccine.D.Deaths in the blackouts.
2. Why did vaccines become of vital importance in Harris county?
A.Vaccine shipments were disturbed by its state government.
B.More back-up generators should be set up to provide power.
C.Harris county had an argument with the Texas government.
D.The local health facility failed to work properly without power.
3. What do the public think about the weather phenomenon in the central and southern US?
A.Unreasonable.B.Undoubted.
C.Discouraging.D.Predictable.
4. What interaction of climates is focused on by scientists?
A.Milder winters and violent summers.B.Arctic cold and Antarctic heat.
C.Global heating and violent cold weather.D.Cold and heat in active areas

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阅读理解-阅读单选(约340词) | 适中 (0.65)
文章大意:这是一篇说明文,文章主要讲述中国科学家正努力在中尼边境的世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰海拔8800米的地方建立一个气象监测站。

【推荐1】Chinese scientists are mounting efforts to establish a weather monitoring station at an altitude of 8,800 meters on Mount Qomolangma, the world’s highest peak, on the China-Nepal border.

If the station is established successfully, it will replace the one at an altitude of 8,430 meters set up by UK and US scientists on the south side of the mountain in 2019, to be the world’s highest of its kind, according to the Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research (ITP), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).

Equipment weighing some 50 kg will be dismantled and distributed to mountaineers, each of whom will carry no more than 7 kg up onto the mountain for the establishment, said Zhao Huabiao, a researcher with the ITP.

Currently, the engineers in charge of establishing the station are still waiting for the perfect weather for mountaineering.

Including the highest, eight elevation gradient (高程梯度) weather stations will be set up on Mount Qomolangma, one of the main tasks in China’s new comprehensive scientific expedition on the world’s highest peak at the height of 8,848.86 meters.

Three meteorological (气象的) stations were established at sea levels of 7,028 meters, 7,790 meters and 8,300 meters, respectively, earlier this year on the north side of the mountain, bringing the total number of operational weather stations between the altitudes between 5,200 meters and 8,300 meters to seven. Last year, four stations at sea levels of 6,500 meters, 5,800 meters, 5,400 meters and 5,200 meters were set up.

The eight stations will collect the wind speed and wind direction data, as well as relative humidity (湿度) on the north side of Qomolangma, and the elevation gradient weather station system is of great significance for monitoring the melting glaciers (冰川) and mountain snow at the high altitudes, said Zhao.

The expedition team will also set up glacier radar and measure the thickness of snow and ice at the summit of the mountain, he said.

1. What do we know about the new weather monitoring station?
A.It will collect weather data on the south side of Qomolangma.
B.It will become the highest of its kind at an altitude of 8,800 meters.
C.It will make great contributions to the scientific research on Qomolangma.
D.It will be the only weather station set up above the altitude of 8,000 meters.
2. What does the underlined word “dismantled ” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Taken apart.B.Taken over.C.Set down.D.Set aside.
3. How many weather monitoring stations has China set up on Mount Qomolangma?
A.6.B.7.C.8.D.9.
4. Which of the following data can NOT be collected by the weather station?
A.Wind speed.B.Wind direction.
C.Relative humidity.D.The thickness of snow.
2022-12-16更新 | 63次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约330词) | 适中 (0.65)

【推荐2】Weather reports often mention high or low pressure systems headed toward a city or town. If you’re in the path of one of these systems, expect a change in weather conditions. High and low pressure systems operate using similar principles, but the effects they produce differ significantly.

View a weather map, and you may see distinct regions that represent different air masses. An air mass is a region of air that has about the same humidity(湿度) and temperature throughout. When an air mass remains over a location for a while, it decides the characteristics of the region. Air masses can be cold or warm and they may contain wet or dry air. All air masses have the ability to move away from their source region into other locations.

Meteorologists(气象学家) call the boundary between two air masses a front. A cold front’s motion through a warm front is a low-pressure system. If a cold air mass replaces a warm air mass, you have a cold front. Air in the cold air mass is often drier than air in front of it. As the air masses meet, the wind usually changes direction and rain or thunderstorms often occur.

A warm front is associated with a high-pressure system and occurs when a warm air mass replaces a colder air mass. A high-pressure system often brings clear, calm weather. Warm fronts travel slowly and are weaker than cold fronts.

Cold fronts move faster than warm fronts because a cold front contains denser air. Cold fronts also often travel from west to east while warm fronts move from north to south. As a warm front approaches, temperatures may rise as warmer air flows in from a warm air mass. However, when the cold front hits, temperatures can drop precipitously within a short time.

1. How is the temperature of a region under a certain air mass?
A.Unusual.B.Stable.C.Diverse.D.Changeable.
2. What happens when two air masses meet?
A.A clear sky appears.B.A strong wind is formed.
C.The air becomes wetter.D.The wind changes directions.
3. What does the underlined word “precipitously” in the last paragraph mean?
A.Sharply.B.Slowly.C.Possibly.D.Specially.
4. What is mainly talked about in this text?
A.The formation of air masses.B.The new findings of meteorologists.
C.The effects of air mass and fronts on weather.D.The methods for accurate weather forecasts.
2021-12-25更新 | 43次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约420词) | 适中 (0.65)
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章解释了雨中下活鱼的天气的原因。

【推荐3】Fishy Weather Conditions

Laj amanu, Australia, is a dry little town, sitting right on the edge of the Tanami desert. Can you imagine how surprised people were when live fish rained down on them from a dark gray cloud. It happens that there are similar cases in England and Honduras.

How do clouds make fishy? The simple answer is that they don’t. There is a particular weather phenomenon (现象) called a waterspout. A waterspout is just like a tornado (龙卷风), only it forms above oceans, lakes, or rivers. Like a tornado, a waterspout moves in a circle at high speeds. When it moves above the water, it tends to carry the fish with it, as well as frogs or other small plants or animals.

Scientists couldn’t work it out at first. To make matters stranger still, the fish in Honduras were very much alive when they rained down to the ground, but they were all blind. In England and Australia, it rained fish and snakes, and none were blind. It was difficult to puzzle out, but the blind fish gave them a place to start.

Scientists knew that some fish that lived in deep, underground caves with no light sources often lost their eyesight. So when blind fish rained down on Honduras, scientists began to connect some clues (线索,提示). Clearly, these particular fish were pulled from an underground water source by force.

It has rained fish on every continent, and each time, people have tried in various ways to explain this strange phenomenon. Historically, villagers thought the “fishes from the heavens” might be answers to prayers (祈祷) for food. Others suggested that floods overran river banks and oceans, leaving the fish on the city streets. No scientist had actually seen the rain as it occurred, only the fish left on the ground. But in 1990, a National Geographic team happened to be in Honduras when the Rain of Fishes began. They recorded what was happening and made history by finally proving that the fish really did fall from the sky.

This huge breakthrough wasn’t just a spot of good luck. It changed thousands of years of myths (虚构的事;谬论) and legends into true stories and provided scientific explanations for how fish came to live in deep caves. It explained ancient cave paintings and cast (投射光线) new light on how species have spread over time. It turned out to be a lot more than just a little fishy weather.

1. According to the passage, a waterspout ________.
A.can make animals blind
B.is difficult to catch on film
C.can carry items (物品) with it
D.is a dangerous sea creature
2. The blind fish made the scientists start to think that ________.
A.raining fish was a warning of natural disasters
B.animals changed to match their environments
C.the weather system differed from place to place
D.the waterspout theory seemed more possible
3. The first sentence in the last paragraph probably suggests that ________.
A.waterspouts came to be a center of scientific research
B.the scientists were fortunate to have made their discoveries
C.hard work went into determining the cause for the raining fish
D.the scientists relied heavily on unusual events to drive their studies
4. The author writes the passage to ________.
A.explain what caused the fishy weather
B.describe the magic phenomenon
C.persuade people to protect the environment
D.encourage people to do scientific research
2023-11-04更新 | 40次组卷
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