When the Normans built their first simple wooden castles in England, they built them on the top of small hills.The first permanent castles were made of stones and built with thick walls.The main building was usually surrounded by walls which overlooked the moat (护城河).
The entrance to the castle was usually over a drawbridge (吊桥)leading to the main gatehouse.The drawbridge could be raised or lowered and an iron grille (栅栏)could be lowered to shut off the entrance to the gatehouse.
As time went on, the castle builders became more advanced in their techniques.Instead of building a strong central building and surrounding it with walls of lesser strength，they thought out the idea of surrounding a central area with huge walls which could contain all the main rooms of the castle.These walls usually had many towers and these towers were really a series of main buildings along the castle walls.In building these castles they used hill sites whenever possible in order to give the castle a better position.Because the outside world was shut off by a barrier or curtain of defences, they are called “curtain wall” castles.
With the passing of time there was less need to build strong castles and nobles built manor(庄园)houses.These manor houses often had battlements and iron grilles, but they were built more for comfort and included many of the conveniences and luxuries of the large houses which were being built in the towns.
Unfortunately, many English castles were damaged or destroyed completely during the Civil Wars of the 1600s.
1. What is the best title for this passage?| A．How to build castles. |
| B．How to protect castles. |
| C．The history of English castles. |
| D．The structure of English castles. |
| A．the first simple wooden castles in England were built by the Normans. |
| B．old castles in England were all built on the top of hills. |
| C．the iron drawbridge was the only way to reach the main gatehouse. |
| D．“curtain wall” castles used curtains as their walls. |
| A．A Manor. | B．An iron grille. | C．A thick wall. | D．A central keep. |
| A．Most of English castles became manor houses now. |
| B．The Civil Wars left many English castles in ruins. |
| C．English castles were too strong to be destroyed. |
| D．Nobles built manor houses in order to defend their fortune. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】If you want to learn the culture of a city or a country, museums should definitely be added to your must-visit lists. We highlight some of the world’s most fascinating museums for you to explore to help you have a better understanding of native culture.
Design Museum Holon
Design Museum Holon is the first museum in Israel devoted to design. After being established, the museum opened on 3 March 2010, It is in the eastern part of the new culture area of Holon, The museum was noted by travel magazine Conde Nast Traveler as one of the new world wonders.
Bildmuseet
The museum was founded in 1981 by Umea University and it exhibits Swedish and international art, visual (视觉的) culture, design and architecture. In connection with the exhibitions program, it also arranges lectures, screenings, concerts, performances and workshops. In spring 2012, the museum moved into new places on the Umea Arts Campus.
Stedelijk Muscum Breda
Stedelijk Museum Breda is a historic museum in Breda, in the south of the Netherlands. It is housed in one of Breda’s oldest buildings. In its former life, it was a guesthouse for pilgrims (朝圣者) in 1246 as well as a hospital in the 16th century and an old men’s house in the 17th century.
The Palace Museum
The Palace Museum was built by the third Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Emperor Yong Le. The palace was built between 1406 and 1420, but was burnt down, rebuilt and renovated (翻新) countless times, so most of the architecture you can see today dates from the 1700’s and onward. It is now a major tourist attraction in China.
1. Which museum has the shortest history?| A．Design Museum Holon. | B．Bildmuseet. |
| C．Stedelijk Museum Breda. | D．The Palace Museum. |
| A．It was repaired many times. | B．It is the oldest building in China. |
| C．It arranges various activities. | D．It was highly praised by a travel magazine. |
| A．Lifestyle. | B．Business. | C．Education. | D．Culture. |
【推荐2】A Controversial Restoration(修复)
Certain masterpieces are recognized worldwide as outstanding achievements in human creativity and imagination.
David is a perfect case in point of just such a touch-up project.For the statue’s 500th“birthday”,the museum in Italy where David stands today planned to restore the statue’s appearance.In reality,David was just dirty.
On the other hand,the restoration of the Sistine Chapel resulted in a dramatic difference in the work’s appearance.Through painstaking efforts,the frescoes(壁画)of the Sistine Chapel were beautifully restored by erasing years of dust and dirt from the ceiling and walls.
| A．That should not have surprised anyone. |
| B．A few critics maintain that the artist’s work has been ruined. |
| C．Ignoring these cries of disapproval,the museum went ahead with the restoration. |
| D．The museum wanted to understand how the changes were happening and the best way to restore it. |
| E．In some cases,there is a pressing need for something to be done in order to save a historical treasure. |
| F．Even critics of the project agreed that the touch-ups to the masterpiece were very moderate(适度的). |
| G．Three good examples of such works are the Taj Mahal,the Sistine Chapel，and the sculpture of David. |
【推荐3】Wherever we go, we are surrounded by history. Across the globe, cultural heritage is passed down through the generations. It is in the buildings and structures around us. It is in the arts and artifacts (手工艺品) we treasure. It lives in the languages we speak and the stories we tell. But today, it is under destruction as never before. Not only are the damages of time threatening our cultural heritage, but climate change, globalization and tourism are all demanding a heavy price. Technology is now the most important weapon in the battle. Here’s how technology is preserving our cultural heritage.
As you can imagine, creating the replicas (复制品) by 2 D images is extremely time-consuming. Increasingly, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms (算法) allow millions of images to be stored in a matter of hours. AI will also make restoration (修复) and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and better than methods before.
Virtual reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. Many of the most important sites and architecture are easily damaged. The presence of hundreds of thousands of tourists on these locations is doing a great deal of harm. Wastes pile up everywhere, causing serious problems. As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded, VR technology will increasingly become the way that people experience them. We’ll all finally be able to walk through places, look at (and touch) artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes.
Finally, our cultural heritage will be preserved by technology. Efforts in research, data sharing and project work will help promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.
1. According to paragraph 1, cultural heritage_____.| A．will never disappear | B．will under perfect protection |
| C．is faced with challenges now | D．is damaged by modern technology |
| A．It makes restoration easier. | B．It makes preservation safer. |
| C．It creates replicas in seconds. | D．It produces 2D images. |
| A．By burying a huge number of wastes. |
| B．By reducing human influence on the site. |
| C．By preventing visitors from touching artifacts. |
| D．By educating people about the sites’ importance. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Disagreeing. | C．Doubtful. | D．Neutral. |
【推荐1】Below are some of London's must-see museums.
Science Museum
The Science Museum features seven floors of educational and entertaining exhibits, including the Apollo 10. The Wellcome Wing shows developments in modern science, medicine and technology. The Medical History Gallery in the museum contains a large collection of medical history treasures. Exhibits in the Exploring Space galleries include models of the Huygens Titan probe(探测器) and Beagle 2 Mars Lander. Tickets to the museum’s in-house IMAX cinema cost extra.
Natural History Museum
The handsome Alfred Waterhouse building houses a collection that contains some 70 million plant, animal, fossil, rock and mineral samples. The Natural History Museum’s Life Galleries are devoted to displays on animal life. The Earth Galleries explore the natural forces that shape our planet, the treasures we take from it, the effect we have on it and its place in the universe. The museum’s wildlife garden attracts urban wildlife such as dragonflies and blackbirds and highlights inner-city wildlife conservation.
London Transport Museum
Among the vehicles on display at the London Transport Museum is the first underground electric train, which had no windows because there was nothing to see underground. The trouble was that no one could tell which stop they were at, a small problem solved by employing an athletic announcer who ran to each carriage at every station, shouting out the stops. Dating from 1890, this is one of the several museum exhibits you can board. The design gallery is in memory of Frank Pick, the man responsible for rolling out the London Underground brand and giving each line its own character.
Museum of London
The history of London, from prehistoric times to the present is told in the Museum of London through reconstructed interiors(内部) and street scenes, alongside displays of original artifacts found during the museum’s archaeological digs. Check the website before your visit as a packed program of temporary exhibitions, talks, walks and children’s events is central to the life of the Museum of London.
1. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.| A．report the opening of four latest museums of London |
| B．present a brief introduction to the history of four museums |
| C．introduce four famous museums in London |
| D．show the significance of visiting the museums |
| A．Design plant, animal, fossil, rock and mineral samples. |
| B．Watch displays on plant life. |
| C．See some urban wildlife. |
| D．Learn about the history of London. |
| A．To show tourists around the train. |
| B．To guide passengers to the train. |
| C．To remind passengers of train delays. |
| D．To inform passengers of the stops. |
| A．Science Museum | B．Natural History Museum |
| C．London Transport Museum | D．Museum of London |
【推荐2】In many countries of the world, people can confidently tell you the meaning of their town or city, but most people who live in Manchester, Oxford or Birmingham would not be able to explain what the name of their city means. The name of every British town and city, however, has a long history.
Two thousand years ago, most people living in Britain were Celts. Even the word “Britain" is Celtic (凯尔特语).Then the Romans arrived and built camps which became cities called “castra". This is why there are so many place names in England which end in "-chester" or “-caster" Manchester, for example.
The Romans never reached Wales or Scotland, and many place names there are Celtic. For example,Welsh place names that begin with “Llan" come from the Celtic word for "church".
After the Romans left Britain, it was attacked by the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is now Germany and Holland. The names of their villages often ended in “-ham" or “-ton". Some got their names from the leader of the village.So Birmingham for example, means "Beormund's village”
The Anglo-Saxons were farmers and the landscape was very important to them, so we have villages called Upton (village on a hill)——a good place to build a village and Moreton (“village by a lake”)where floods could make life hard. Place names that end in “-ford" (a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-Saxon villages.
Finally, in 1066 England became Norman—the Normans gave us the place name "grange", which means farm.
And how about London? Experts cannot agree. The Romans called the city Londinium, but they were not the first inhabitants (居民). People once believed that the United Kingdom’s capital city got its name from the castle of a King called Lud but this is very unlikely. Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fast-flowing river. Like a number of British place names, its history is lost in time.
1. The origin of British place names is unfamiliar to many local people because of| A．the death of local languages |
| B．the long lost history of the names |
| C．their lack of interest in it |
| D．the frequent changes to the names |
| A．on a hill | B．near a castle |
| C．beside a river | D．with a church |
| A．The Celts—The Romans—The Normans—The Anglo Saxons |
| B．The Celts—The Romans—The Anglo Saxons—The Normans |
| C．The Romans—The Celts—The Anglo Saxons—The Normans |
| D．The Romans―The Anglo Saxons—The Celts—The Normans |
| A．River | B．Londinium |
| C．Lud | D．Castle |
【推荐3】Let's pay a visit to some of the most amazing and unusual places in the world, from icy hotels to temples on the side of cliff.
Hotel de Glace—Canada
If you don't mind the cold, this igloo（冰屋）style hotel is certainly for you. Nearly everything, including bedding, is made of ice！This hotel is so well insulated（隔热的）that whatever the temperature outside is, the temperature inside never changes more than a few degrees. It's around 23 degrees to be exact. Since it is made of ice the hotel does have some dress requirements that can be found on their website. Arctic sleeping bags are provided for every guest, including children. For more information, visit the website: http://www. icehotelcanada. com.
The Tigers Nest Monastery--Bhutan
Built directly onto a cliff side, this ancient temple has claimed its spot since 1692. Rich in history, Tigers Nest is constructed around eight attractive caves on the mountainside. Most of the caves are easy to reach through the natural rock stairway. However, some are more difficult, and can only be reached by shaky rope bridges. Visit the website: http://www. bhutantouroperators. net/ taktsang-monastery. php for more information.
Dinosaur Provincial Park—Canada
Known to be one the greatest fossil locations in the world, Dinosaur Provincial Park has nearly 5000 specimens in all shapes and sizes. The park itself has a vast collection of fossils and a unique natural ecosystem. For more information, please visit http://tpr. Alberta. ca/ parks / dinosaur/index. aspx.
Leshan Giant Buddha--Sichuan China
The world's largest Buddha sits on the edge of two great rivers. Construction is believed to have started around the year 713, and at the time of this construction it was the tallest carved statue in the world. All 233 feet of the statue was carved from the surrounding cliffs and preserved in amazing condition. Even the 2008 earthquake was not enough to shake it. Its website http://yeschinatour. com/china-guides/china-attractions leshan-giant-buddha-leshan will provide you with more information.
1. Which of the following is NOT true about Hotel de Glace?| A．It lies in the Arctic. |
| B．Even the bedding is made of ice. |
| C．Every guest is provided with sleeping bags. |
| D．You can visit its website for dress requirements. |
| A．http://yeschinatour. com/china-guides/china-attractions leshan-giant-buddha-leshan |
| B．http://www. icehotelcanada. Com |
| C．http://tpr. alberta. Ca /parks /dinosaur/index. Aspx |
| D．http://www. bhutantouroperators. net/ taktsang - monastery. php |
| A．Leshan Giant Buddha--Sichuan China |
| B．Hotel de Glace--Canada |
| C．The Tigers Nest Monastery--Bhutan |
| D．Dinosaur Provincial Park--Canada |
| A．four different constructions in the world |
| B．some popular hotels in Canada |
| C．four unusual places in the world |
| D．all kinds of parks in Europe |
| A．politics | B．travel |
| C．education | D．environment |
【推荐1】If you grew up watching the Jetsons, the idea of having a robot helper that cleans and cooks for your family has always been a fantasy. People want to have a robot do the housework and the good news is that great minds are working on it.
Elon Musk announced back in June that his OpenAI robotic institute was working on developing software that would enable off-the-shelf robots to do household chores and various other engineers are working on robots that could accomplish cleaning and organizing tasks. The bad news is that experts say not to expect these robots in our homes any time soon.
“Cleaning is different from other tasks we’ve thought about in robotics, which typically involved manipulating objects, or moving them place to place.” said Maya Cakmak, an assistant professor of computer science and engineering at the University of Washington, to MIT Technology Review.
Cakmak said that to accomplish household chores, robots have to know the fight tool for each specific task, the right angle to hold each tool, how to move it, how much pressure to use, how fast to move and more. Think about the variety of tools and techniques you use just to clean your kitchen. It’s much more complicated than just lifting objects and moving them.
Cakmak is teaching robots in her lab through demonstrating cleaning techniques for the robot’s vision system. The robot then imitates the cleaning motion .The goal is to get the robot to learn the correct cleaning motion and for it to be able to determine if the surface is clean after the action.
Even when that is accomplished, there’s a long way to go. In order for a robot to clean an entire house, it would have to be able to fully understand its environment and make decisions based on the state of each room—something that is beyond the current abilities of artificial intelligence. Cakmak says that she believes houses will also have to be redesigned with machines in mind so that robots can better identify their position within a home and move around in it.
1. How can we describe about household chores for robots?| A．Complex and demanding. | B．Simple and easy to handle. |
| C．Unusual but easy to manage. | D．Dangerous and challenging. |
| A．By setting an example to them. | B．By imitating the cleaning motion. |
| C．By analyzing their vision system. | D．By teaching some specific techniques. |
| A．They’ll reach more consumers. | B．They’ll help solve housework entirely. |
| C．They’ll still face many challenges ahead. | D．They’ll be equipped with artificial intelligence. |
| A．Varied Styles of Cleaning Robots | B．Benefits from Possessing Robots |
| C．Cleaning Robots: A Future New Trend | D．Cleaning Robots: A Long Way to Go |
【推荐2】Bangkok (曼谷) developed around the Chao Phraya River. Many of the city’s hotels sit along the river. The areas of Siam and Ratchaprasong are the core of tourist Bangkok. Sukhumvit Road is home to mall after mall filled with every kind of shop.
For the best value, luxury (奢华的) hotels in the Bang Rak and Sathorn Districts are great choices since the area is more popular for office buildings than tourists. The Sathorn Vista, Bangkok is a perfect example. There are several restaurants, a full gym, a beautiful poo1 and outdoor areas.
Traditionally, the Khao San Road area has been the center of Bangkok budget lodging (住宿) and this is still true today. The Dang Derm Hotel on Khao San Road has clean, large rooms and a really nice rooftop pool. If you’re on a budget but want to stay riverside, try the Ibis Bangkok Riverside, whose contents are always clean and well-managed. The riverside location is close to the ferry, and its location a bit south of the main tourist area gets you very low prices.
Mandarin Oriental, Bangkok is a great family hotel. The hotel, which has buildings on both sides of the Chao Phraya river, has been providing accommodation to travelers since 1876. For families there are a number of connecting room choices, and the hotel is also responsible for bringing in extra beds for children. There is a kids’ club on-site, and parents can even sign older kids up for cooking classes. Another good option for families is Ariyasom villa. This downtown Bangkok small hotel also offers a pleasant place in the city. It is set inside a beautiful garden and is a lovely change from the disorder of the city.
1. In which area of Bangkok can you find a hotel on a budget?| A．The Sukhumvit Road. | B．The Khao San Road area. |
| C．The Siam and Ratchaprason areas. | D．The Bang Rak and Sathorn Districts. |
| A．A quiet garden-like environment. | B．Registered kid schooling classes. |
| C．Room-connecting choices. | D．Wonderful economica1 lodging. |
| A．Two | B．Three | C．Four | D．Five |
| A．choice. | B．function. | C．power. | D．course. |
【推荐3】A Swiss airplane powered only by energy from the sun left from Abu Dhabi early on March 9. Its creators hope the plane will make the first around-the-world journey without any fuel. The plane is called Solar Impulse 2. It has one seat and is made from carbon fiber. The plane weighs only as much as a car but its wings are wider than a Boeing 747. The plane's wings stretch 72 meters across. Those wings include 17,000 solar units, or cells, which capture the sun's energy. The energy allows the plane to fly day and night.
Two Swiss scientists built the plane. Bertand Piccard is also an explorer who made the first non-stop flight around the world in a balloon. Andre Borschberg is an engineer and trained fighter pilot. The scientists say they are not trying to change the airplane industry. Instead, they want to show that new energy sources and technologies can achieve what some say is impossible."We want to show we can fly day and might in an aircraft without a drop of fuel." Mr Picard said.
Some parts of the trip will require the pilots to be in the tiny plane for five to six days and nights in a TOW. So it is good that the pilot's seat is also a toilet.
The plane's route begins in the United Arab Emirates. The pilots also plan stops in Oman, India, and China, They will cross the Pacific Ocean, stop in the United States, and continue over southern Europe or North Africa. They plan to arrive back in the United Arab Emirates in late July or early August.
Internet viewers can go to the Solar Impulse website to see the plane's location and listen to broadcasts from the pilots.
1. What's the main idea of Paragraph 1?| A．A brief introduction of the plane Solar Impulse 2. |
| B．The great revolution in the airplane industry. |
| C．The first around the -world journey by plane. |
| D．A newly-discovered usage of solar energy. |
| A．To help the airplane industry. | B．To fly without using any fuel. |
| C．To travel around the world. | D．To present their flying skills. |
| A．It can fly faster and land safely. | B．It can get the sun's energy easily. |
| C．It may look exactly like a Boeing 747. | D．It will make the plane appear larger. |
| A．It will take five to six days and nights, | B．It is a non-stop flight around the world. |
| C．It is being broadcast on the Internet. | D．It doesn't include North America |
【推荐1】Summer camp programs at Washington museums
Washington has a wide variety of museums. Many of these world-class museums has special programs for children. The following museums take this a step further and offer summer camp programs to educate and entertain kids during the summer months. Apply early because these camps can fill up fast.
National Building Museum-Artful Architecture Summer Camp.
July5-August12,2018.Ages 8-11.One-and two-week sessions. Campers can enjoy design challenges, field trips and more while experiencing architecture and design.(202)272-2448.
Tudor Place-Georgetown Summer History Weeks.
2018 dates to be announced. Ages4-10.Nine am-noon. Children experience a wide variety of indoor and outdoor activities that bring 175 years of American history to life and teach about natural environment. Children help prepare snacks and drinks of times past, try on period clothing, explore the historic garden, plant their own garden, play historic games, paint water-color landscapes, and much more.(202) 965-0400.
National Archives-Genealogy Camp.
2018 dates to be announced. Ages 12-and-up.Ever wondered about your family’s roots and who is on your family tree? This hands-on weeklong camp will introduce the basics of genealogy research. Discover how to use the resources of the National Archives to look into your past.(202)337-2288.
International Spy Museum -Spy Camp
August 1-5 and 8-12,2018,9 am-3 pm. Spy Camp is designed for ages 10 to13 and filled with top secret activities that will put spy skills to the test. Participants will learn from real spies, and hit the streets to run training missions. Develop a disguise for cover, make and break codes, develop escape techniques, create and use spy gadgets(装置)，discover the science behind spying, and more.(202)654-0930.
1. What can be concluded about these summer camp programs?| A．It is advised to sign up early for the programs. |
| B．They all provide outdoor activities. |
| C．They last for one and two weeks. |
| D．Participants should be more than 8 years old. |
| A．(202)272-2448. | B．(202)337-2288 |
| C．(202)965-0400 | D．(202)654-0930 |
| A．Artful Architecture Summer Camp. | B．Georgetown Summer History Weeks. |
| C．Spy Camp. | D．Genealogy Camp. |
【推荐2】A few years ago, David, a top manager, thought his life wasn’t moving forward. So he started to set himself 30-day challenges. The idea was simple: think of something you want to add to your life-or to give up-and try it every day for 30 days.
David began with easy projects like going to work by bike, not watching TV and giving up sugar. Then he tried more difficult ones, like writing a novel in 30 days. David learned that if you do something for 30 days. It can become a habit. If you stop doing something for 30 days, you can break the habit. As he did harder challenges, he got more confident. He learned that he could do something if he really wanted to do it. After doing the challenges for a few months, he had enough confidence to climb the highest mountain in Africa.
David gave an online talk about how the challenges changed his life. More than 5 million people around the world have watched his talk and the 30-day challenge quickly became very popular.
1. What was David a few years ago?| A．A doctor. | B．A teacher. | C．A manager. | D．A soldier. |
| A．Going to work by bike. | B．Not watching TV. |
| C．Giving up sugar. | D．Writing a novel |
| A．More confident. | B．More careful |
| C．Less lucky. | D．Less comfortable. |
| A．About 5 hundred. | B．About 5 thousand. |
| C．Over 5 million. | D．Over 5 billion. |
| A．A working report. | B．The 30-day challenge |
| C．An important notice. | D．The life in Africa |
【推荐3】The prized love for an ice cream goes back thousands of years, and ice creams were enjoyed by people living all over the ancient world—from China to Mesopotamia.
As early as 4,000 years ago, Chinese people enjoyed a kind of frozen syrup—a thick sweet sticky liquid. Centuries later around 400 B.C., sherbet was a popular treat in the Persian Empire. This cold drink featured syrups made from chemise, quinces, and pomegranates that were then cooled with snow. The modern words “sherbet,” “Barbet,” and “syrup” can find their linguistic origins back Lo Shabbat.
Historic accounts tell of Alexander the Great, who took over the Persian Empire in 330 B. C., enjoying tasty ices sweetened with honey. The Greeks, and later the Romans, adopted the custom of cooling their drinks. In the early yean of the Roman Empire, Emperor Nero was known to apply fruit juices mixed with boney and snow at his banquets. Centuries later in the 1290s, Marco Polo returned from China with recipes for delicious ices, some of which included milk.
Modern ice creams were only made possible by obtaining and preserving snow and ice from cold, mountainous areas or frozen lakes and rivers. Different civilizations created icehouses with variations on the same theme: chambers free of heat and light. Deep pits were often used, and the ice would be packed separately, often with straw or branches, to keep out the heat.
Getting ice was complex and labor-consuming, which made ice highly valuable in the middle Ages, when snow was still brought from the mountains to icehouses throughout Europe. The 17th century witnessed private icehouses, and by the end of the 18th century, large icehouses were built in towns and cities. Traveling sales people sold large blocks of ice door to door.
In some cities the ice trade was regulated by the authorities, who set prices and fines for illegal sale. In Naples there were 43 “ice sellers” in 1807. Rule restricted sellers to supplying ice only during the summer.
Sorbet, sherbet, syrup, or just plain ice cream, these cold, greet treats have been cooling people of for centuries.
1. Which of the following is the fact about the development of ice cream?| A．Straws or branches were used to produce modern ice creams. |
| B．Alexander the Great had cool drinks with honey end snow at his banquets. |
| C．Marco Polo brought back from China recipes for milk -taste ices in the late 13th century. |
| D．People in the Persian Empire enjoyed frozen syrup 3, 600 years earlier than the Chinese. |
| A．Plants. | B．Rooms. | C．Packages. | D．Ice creams. |
| A．It was a tough jab to obtain ice. | B．The production took a lot of time. |
| C．Much labor was needed for marketing. | D．The producing techniques were advanced. |
| A．Historic Accounts of Preserving Ice Creams | B．Contrast of Ancient and Modern lee Creams |
| C．Chinese Contributions to Making Ice Creams | D．The History and Worldwide Love of Ice Creams |
