This year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou,     1     research led to the discovery of artemisinin. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and    2       (think) to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone.

Tu Youyou was born in Ningbo, China, on December 1930 and graduated     3     Peking University Medical School in 1955. In 1967，the Chinese government formed a team of    4     ( scientist) with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers       5     (choose ) .

One medical text from the fourth century suggested     6       (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu’s team tested a       7       (collect) of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. Using a lower temperature     8     (draw ) out the extract, she found a substance that worked.

According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded     9     Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just     10     (I). There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.

Yuan Longping is a great Chinese hero     1     is known as "father of hybrid rice". Yuan spent his life     2    (research) rice and everyone knows his name in China. It was in the 1970s when Yuan developed hybrid rice, which made him famous both at home and abroad.     3     (unfortunate), Yuan passed away on May 22, 2021 at the age of 91. For the whole world, his passing is a great loss. May Grandpa Yuan rest in peace.