Small talk has a reputation for being uninteresting, and for good reason. Pointing out the fact that it's raining seems as ridiculous as pointing out the fact that you have a head — you're fully aware of both things, and don't require an outsider to confirm them. But despite being evident and often painfully dull, small talk has an important role to fulfill, enabling us to leap over a number of social obstacles towards improved, meaningful interaction.
Humans can be sensitive souls. We each have our boundaries and lists of potential upsets, which when broken, cause us to either gently back away to an alternative position in the room, or become cross at the person. Small talk is first a way to test the waters with an unfamiliar person, so that you may better understand their personality. When finding yourself positioned closely to a person who you know little about, it's much safer to point out the rainy sky than to share your political views on a sensitive topic. Until you know the person better, heavier topics should probably be kept under wraps, so you won't find yourself on the receiving end of a cold stare.
Though insignificant, small talk still has great power. When talking with fellow humans, much of our soul is exposed through non-verbal communication. A response to “how was your weekend” can unveil much about the person's character. The length of their response might indicate their level of self-confidence; the tone of speaking might show how agreeable a person is; their slightly lowered head, as if protecting themselves from attack, a possible sign of a regrettable history of bullying.
As more of a person's character is revealed, we have the insight needed to determine whether to put forward more significant topics—the things that we actually want to talk about. Conversation is a great educator, and deep conversation establish lasting bonds with our fellow humans, forming precious friendships that paint our lives with vivid colors. Such friendships begin with small talk.
1. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?A.The first stage of human interaction. |
B.Ridiculous human behavior in communication. |
C.Absence of communication between strangers. |
D.The difficulty of having deep conversations. |
A.Because they talk to an unfamiliar person. |
B.Because they are enthusiastic about politics. |
C.Because they are too sensitive about topics. |
D.Because they fail to manage interpersonal distance. |
A.The length of the answer. | B.The quality of the voice. |
C.The position of the head. | D.The distance between speakers. |
A.Sensitive Human Souls. | B.Ways of Understanding Personality. |
C.Significance of Small Talk. | D.Challenges of Deep Conversation. |
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The possible reason for the connection between love and higher risk of depression for girls is “loss of self”.According to the study,even though boys would say “lose themselves in a romantic relationship”,this “loss of self” is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls.Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions.They won’t tell that to their parents.
Dr Marianm Kaufman,an expert on young people problems,says 15% to 20% young people will have depression during their growing.Trying romance often causes the depression.She advises kids not to jump into romance too early.During growing up,it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self.She also suggests the parents should encourage their kids to keep close to their friends,attend more interesting school activities and spend enough time with family.
Parents should watch for signs of depression—eating or mood changes—and if they see signs from their daughters or sons,they need to give help.The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age.Love will always make us feel young,but only maturity(成熟)gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects.
1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A.Parents should forbid their children’s love. |
B.Puppy love may bring young people depression. |
C.Romance is a two-edged sword for adults. |
D.Romance is good for young people. |
A.Young people who have a strong sense of selfishness. |
B.Young boys whose parents watch for their behavior. |
C.Young girls who always hide their feelings and opinions. |
D.Careless parents whose children are deep in love. |
A.The older a woman is,the less likely she seems to lose herself in romance. |
B.Early love makes young people keep close to their friends and parents. |
C.Parents should help their children to be aware of the signs of depression. |
D.Lacking love can lead young people to grow up more quickly. |
【推荐2】Living with an elderly person has both benefits and challenges for everyone involved. But we also need to respect the older people’s need while offering help.
Define boundaries. Both parties need to define boundaries (界限) and come to an agreement about each other’s space and independence. Talk to them about their expectations about your relationship.
Figure out who pays for what ahead of time. Having finances (财务) decided and agreed upon ahead of time could save you from a headache in the future.
Give the person respect as an individual and appreciate their wisdom and life experiences.
A.Promote the older person’s potential. |
B.Records will make a big difference here. |
C.Communicate with your elderly roommate. |
D.What do they expect of you in terms of help? |
E.Older people have experienced life much more deeply than you often think. |
F.Every adult has the ability to make at least some, if not all, of his or her own decisions. |
G.Both parties should be patient and understand their unique living situation to make it work. |
【推荐3】When you want to buy or rent a house, you are expecting not only the good quality of the house but also the nice neighbours who live near you. Almost everyone agrees that it is helpful to live with some good neighbours. However, the standard of good neighbours is different from people to people. In my opinion, a good neighbour should be someone who respects your life, is ready to help others and concerned about the environment in the neighbourhood.
First of all, it is very important for your neighbour to respect you life. Just imagine, if you have a neighbour curious (好奇的) about you, especially your personal life, and tries to know more about it by whatever means, what will you feel? What is more, he or she may also talk with others about your life. Do you want to live with him or her anymore? The answer is definitely negative. You will feel very uncomfortable to have such kind of people in your neighbourbood and you may move as soon as possible.
Next, what you should consider is that a good neighbour is always willing to give you a hand when you need him or her. For example, if you are not at home and someone suspect (可疑的) tries to unlock your door, your neighbour who sees it should call 911, and it will help you to protect your property (财产).
Finally, a good neighbor should be concerned about the environment, especially around your neighbourhood. He or she should throw all the rubbish into garbage and keep the place clean, because a good environment can make people who live in it comfortable and relaxed all the time.
1. The following are the qualities(素质) of a good neighbour EXCEPT .A.respecting others’ life | B.being kind to others’ pets |
C.being willing to help people | D.being responsible for the environment |
A.feel happy | B.know more about him / her |
C.become his / her friend | D.not be comfortable |
A.a good neighbor | B.a clean home |
C.a good environment | D.a deep sleep |
A.The qualities of a good neighbour |
B.The differences between good neighbours |
C.The importance of a good environment |
D.How to get along with our neighbours |
【推荐1】Because of the development of agriculture, the area of land affected by sand has gradually increased. During the 1950s and 1960s the land affected by sand expanded on average into 1,600 square kilometers per year. By the 1990s, the area had reached 2,500 square kilometers per year. This kind of situation is particularly serious in many regions upwind(逆风的) from Beijing. Fengning City in Hebei Province and Duolun City in Inner Mongolia lie to the north of Beijing, and in the last 50 years the population of these two cities has grown by 2 to 3 times. In order to obtain more resources, the inhabitants have been busy with heavy farming, tree-cutting and keeping animals. The result is that the soil which has sustained damage, and the sand layer below the earth is now exposed on the ground and the ground is rapidly being controlled by the spread of sand.
China has already noticed this problem, and has take measures to save the land. Nowadays, some land used for farming has returned to forestland and grassland. The Chinese government announced that it would invest more than RMB 600,000,000 to control Beijing’s sandstorms in the coming years. Only by decreasing the damage caused by man and restoring the natural environment will it be possible to well control the sources of the sand and dust. We hope in the not-distant future, we will solve the problem successfully and effectively.
1. Compared with 50s and 60s, the land affected by sand increased by________square kilometers by the 1990s.A.1,600 | B.2,500 | C.900 | D.1,100 |
A.People use the resources too much. |
B.People keep animals which need more grain. |
C.People prepare too much land to grow crops. |
D.People cut a lot of forests and raise animals. |
A.controlling the growth of the population |
B.making better use of natural resources |
C.killing fewer animals and cutting fewer trees |
D.returning some land to forestland and grassland |
A.man | B.animal | C.nature | D.desert |
【推荐2】When one of your car tires goes flat, there are two things you can do, you can complain and change it or, if you don't have a spare, stand helplessly beside the road and hope someone comes to your rescue. Now comes a third choice, called Quickwheel. It is designed to get disabled motorists rolling again as quickly as possible.
Quickwheel is basically a tiny emergency trailer — complete with three tough little wheels of its own — that supports the flat tire and enables the motorists to drive to a service station without losing much time or expending much energy. The product is made in the US Company, Quickwheel Inc. of Greenwich, Connecticut. According to the firm's president, Robert Bockweg, the product meets each of the major worries that customers relate with flat tires; safe, lost time and physical labor.
To use it, motorists simply unfold the product to its fully extended position, set it in front of the disabled tire, drive the car onto the Quickwheel's ramp (斜板) and fix a special safety strap over the tire. The tire is then locked in Quickwheel's metal frame. Its three wheels do the rest of the work. According to Quickwheel Inc, its product can be driven “for miles” at the speed of up to 45 miles per hour “without any noticeable change in the vehicle's braking or steering operation”. The company also says that it can be used on just about any type of car, jeep, mini-van or trailer (拖车).
Bockweg says that Quickwheel will be sold first in the United States, at a price of 150 dollars. Sales agreements now being talked over should make the product ready for use in Japan, Canada and Western Europe in the near future.
1. What is the function of the first paragraph?A.Arousing the readers' interest. |
B.Attracting the readers' attention. |
C.Introducing the topic. |
D.Summarizing the passage. |
A.Money. | B.safety. |
C.Labor. | D.Time. |
A.Quickwheel can run as fast as an ordinary car. |
B.Quickwheel is easy to operate. |
C.Quickwheel has already been sold in Western Europe. |
D.Quickwheel is too expensive and many people can't afford it. |
A.show the readers how to deal with flat tires |
B.explain how to operate Quickwheel |
C.tell the readers where to get help after getting a flat tire |
D.introduce a product when getting a flat tire. |
【推荐3】Researchers have discovered a new bacterium that feeds on polyurethane, a kind of plastic that is difficult to recycle or destroy. Scientists say the discovery could help reduce a flood of hard — to — recycle plastics that are ending up in the world's landfills(垃圾填埋地) and polluting oceans.
A team from the Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research in Leipzig, Germany, found the new type of soil bacteria. It was spotted in an area that contained a large amount of plastic waste. The team discovered the bacteria were feeding on polyurethane diol, which was widely used in many different products.
One problem is that recycling polyurethane requires a lot of energy. The plastic material does not melt when heated. Most polyurethane-based products end up in landfills, where they can release dangerous chemicals. The team round that the bacterium can produce enzymes(酶)that eat away polyurethane. This would make it possible to break down the material in the environment. The results were recently reported in a study in the publication Frontiers in Microbiology. Hermann Heipieper helped write the report. He said in a statement the finding “represents an important step in being able to reuse polyurethane products.”
German study noted that plastic-eating bacteria could be easily controlled and produced for industrial use. The researchers said the next step is to find more information about the bacterial enzymes that can break down polyurethane.
Scientist Douglas Rader wrote about the issue in a 2018 article for the Environmental Defense Fund. He said much more study should be carried out to learn about the complex relationships between bacteria and marine ecosystems. “Such research is needed before we can take action such as putting plastic-eating bacteria into the ocean,” Rader wrote.
1. What is the problem about polyurethane?A.It seems difficult to transport when it goes to landfills. |
B.It affects the quality of plastic products if widely used. |
C.It melts easily when exposed to the sun for a long time. |
D.It pollutes the environment unless recycled or destroyed. |
A.It can produce harmful chemicals. | B.It can gradually destroy polyurethane. |
C.It is very hard to discover and control. | D.It is very likely to increase plastic waste. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Disapproval. |
C.Cautious. | D.Enthusiastic. |
A.Plastic-eating Bacteria | B.Plastic Waste — A Big Problem |
C.Plastic and Ocean | D.Polyurethane — A Bacteria killer |