When Clara Harlowe Barton was 11 years old, her older brother was seriously injured in a fall. Barton spent two years nursing him back to health until he fully got well. Although she had this early nursing experience, Barton would not work as a nurse until later in life.
At the age of seventeen, Barton worked as a teacher in Massachusetts. Twelve years later, she opened the first free public school in New Jersey. The school grew from only six students on the first day of classes to more than 200 students by the end of the school year. When the school opened in the fall of 1853, Barton was surprised to learn that a man had been hired as the school’s head teacher, being paid twice her salary to run the school that she had set up and made successful. Outraged at this news, she quit her teaching position. “I may sometimes be willing to teach for nothing, but if paid at all, I shall never do a man’s work for less than a man’s pay,” she said.
In 1861, the Civil War began; Barton began collecting supplies and got passes from the government to send her supplies and services to the front line and field hospitals. And then she became known as the “Angel of the Battlefield”.
In 1869, Barton took a trip to Switzerland where she learned about the International Red Cross. Later, Barton set up the American Red Cross. Under Barton’s leadership, the American Red Cross helped thousands of people in need.
During her lifetime, Barton gave her life and effort to the service and the care of others as a teacher, a Civil War nurse, and founder of the American Red Cross.
1. What does the underlined word “Outraged” in Paragraph 2 mean?| A．Sad. | B．Moved. | C．Angry. | D．Frightened. |
| A．She set up a field hospital. | B．She provided supplies for soldiers. |
| C．She did a man’s work in the front line. | D．She helped thousands of people in need. |
| A．Her brother’s serious injury. | B．Her dream to become a nurse. |
| C．Her experience in Switzerland. | D．The soldiers’ encouraging praise. |
| A．Barton’s life of service to people in need. | B．Barton’s rich experiences at different ages. |
| C．Why Barton set up the American Red Cross. | D．How Barton opened the first free public school. |
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【推荐1】In 1943, Roman Totenberg, a violinist, bought a rare (稀有的) and special violin called a Stradivarius. It was made in 1734, in Italy, by Antonio Stradivari. Only about 600 of his violins are believed to still exist. They were regarded as the rarest and best instruments in the world.
Roman’s Stradivarius was his musical partner for 38 years. Then bad luck struck; the violin was stolen from his office after a concert while he greeted well-wishers. He was shocked and upset by its loss. “Yes, it’s a bit like losing your arm,” he told his daughter, Jill.
It took Roman a year to find and buy a new violin as the size and tones (音质) of each were different from his. He had to learn his musical pieces all over again! Roman kept playing into his 90s and taught at Boston University until he died in 2012, aged 101.
His daughter says, “We wondered from time to time if the violin would surface, but... Our mother and father taught us to keep moving forward and not think over what life throws at you.”
In 2015, the wife of the man who stole the violin wanted to know if it was really a Stradivarius. She had looked after him when he was dying from cancer and now it belonged to her. She took it to master violin maker and dealer Phillip Injeia. He recognized it immediately and contacted the FBI. Jill, who received the call from FBI, said in an interview, “I said, ‘I have to call my sisters. I’ll tell them not to get their hopes up,’ but Phillip Injeian said, ‘You don’t have to do that. This is the violin.’”
Jill said they would sell the violin, not to a collector but someone who would play it. She said it would finally be in the hands of another great artist and its amazing voice would be heard in concert halls around the country.
1. Why did Roman feel like he had lost an arm after the violin was stolen?| A．It cost him a lot of money. |
| B．It had served as a useful arm. |
| C．It had been his musical partner. |
| D．It was created by a famous maker. |
| A．The FBI got in touch with Jill. |
| B．The Stradivarius was found missing. |
| C．Roman Totenberg died in 2012, aged 101. |
| D．The violin was taken to a master violin maker and dealer. |
| A．They intended to become well-known. |
| B．They wanted to sell it at a higher price. |
| C．They hoped to remember Roman Totenberg. |
| D．They wished to make the most of the Stradivarius. |
| A．Expert and confident. | B．Creative and careful. |
| C．Learned and proud. | D．Strong-willed and friendly. |
【推荐2】A UPS (United Parcel Service) driver Ryan Arens was making his rounds near a pond in Bozeman, Montana, when he heard a sound. “Like a cry for help,” he told the Dodo. It was December 2019, and about 15 feet from the frozen banks was the source of that cry-a struggling dog with half of its body underwater, trying to stick to a thin layer of ice. How she got there no one knows, but an elderly man was already on the scene, determined to save her. He’d entered the pond in a rowboat and was trying hard to cut the ice with a rock to create a path to the dog. It was slowly going, and Arens,44, thought he stood a better chance.
“Animals are my weakness,” he told the Great Falls Tribune, explaining why he took off his clothes without hesitation, even though the temperature was in the 30s, and took over the rowboat.
His heart beating wildly, Arens slid closer to the dog and used the other man’s rock to smash away at the ice. He gave one too strong hit and slipped off the boat, falling into 16 feet of icy water.
He resurfaced in time to see the dog going under. Using nervous energy to keep warm, he swam about five feet toward her, took hold of her collar, and pulled her to the ice. He then lifted the dog into the boat and slid it back to the shore, where anxious bystanders carried the dog to the home of the elderly man, a retired animal doctor. Once in the house himself, Arens jumped into a warm shower with the dog until they both felt warm. A few more minutes in the pond，the doctor told Arens, and she would have likely suffered cardiac arrest(心脏骤停).
The next day, Arens was back working in the same neighborhood when the dog’s owner came over to thank him for saving Sadie. “Would you like to meet her?” he asked. He opened the door to his pickup, and immediately out raced Sadie. She went straight to Arens, leaping on him and bathing him in wet kisses. “That special delivery”，says Arens, “was the highlight of my UPS career.”
1. What happened to the dog?| A．It lost its way home. | B．It was caught in an accident. |
| C．It fell into a pond. | D．It was trapped in a truck. |
| A．He can’t help helping animals in trouble | B．Dogs are too weak to stand the cold. |
| C．He is good at raising weak animals. | D．He is too weak to save the dog. |
| A．Warm | B．Cold | C．Cool | D．Hot. |
| A．The animal doctor. | B．Ryan Arens |
| C．A bystander. | D．A reporter. |
| A．Sadie went to live with the person who saved her. |
| B．The dog owner was not a responsible master. |
| C．Dogs should be kept indoors in cold weather. |
| D．Arens was proud of what he had done. |
【推荐3】My mother always told me, “You should explore your own country before stepping out into the world.” However, it seems like a tough mission to travel all across its expansive surfaces. But luckily for me, Via Rail Canada offered youths between the ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the month of July. The ticket was a bargain $150. My best friends Trevor, Joel and Jeremy and I immediately jumped at the opportunity and secured four tickets on the great Canadian railroad.
For a group of 20-year-olds, this was like the first flight of young birds from the nest. When we approached the train station in the morning, our 22-day adventure from Sudbury to Vancouver was to begin. Eyes baggy from lack of sleep, we jumped on board as if it was the train to Hogwarts in Harry Potter. Although the thought of three full days on those tracks covering close to 3, 000 kilometres crushed our spirits a little, what happened next caught us by surprise.
The three days on board turned into a summer camp on rails. At night, we would climb up the glass-domed train car, which gave us a scenic view of the starry night sky, untouched by the harmful light pollution. Before we knew it, the warm sun rays beating down on our faces woke us up for another day on the rails. To my surprise, a sea of golden grain fields dominated the landscape we were in the Canadian Prairies.
Another day slipped away and we set up for another night in the dome (圆顶状物). And this time we were greeted by night sky painted by a fantastic thunderstorm. Lightning was striking at an incredible rate. The spectacular and memorable light show left everyone in the glass bubble in complete disbelief.
Arriving in the Rocky Mountains was one of the most surreal experiences of my life. Before the train adventure, if I could have skipped the travel and arrived at the destination, I would have. That is no longer true. I’ve learned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the destination.
1. What has made the author’s train adventure across Canada a reality?| A．The encouragement given by his mother. |
| B．The discount ticket offered by Via Rail Canada. |
| C．The appeal of the scenic views in the country. |
| D．His great courage to challenge a tough mission. |
| A．They left their parents for the first time in their life. |
| B．They never thought of having a train adventure. |
| C．They were hooked by the magic story of Harry Potter. |
| D．They were excited about the coming train journey. |
| A．The glass-domed train car. | B．The sightseeing tour. |
| C．A state of excitement. | D．A summer camp on the train. |
| A．The destination is what matters. |
| B．Adventurous journey attracts young people. |
| C．Enjoying a journey counts a lot. |
| D．The traveling experience is not real to him. |
【推荐1】My First Day of School
Frightened, I was walking into my first school in America.I had traveled a long distance from India in order to join my parents, who had been here for three years,hoping America would help my future. My father decided that I would have a better education here, so Ienrolled(登记)in the local high school in my new town.
I was afraid how I would do.On the first day,I went to my second class after I had missed my first. With anxiety,I reached for the door, opening it slowly. Without paying attention to my classmates, I went straight to the teacher and asked if this was the right class. With a soft voice he answered,“Yes.”His voice comforted me a little. He gave me a sheet called Course Requirements,which I would never get in India because we didn’t have anything like that. Then he asked me to choose where I would sit. I didn’t actually want to pick a seat. In India we had fixed seats, so I never needed to worry about that. I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the image produced by the overhead projector(投影仪).In Indian schools,we didn’t use the technology. We had to take notes as the teacher spoke.
It was noon. I was very confused about when I would have unch. I went to my next class and the bell rang as I entered.I went through the regular(惯常的)process of asking the teacher af I was in the right class.She said,“It’s still fourth period.”
“But the bell just rang,”I said.
Changing from a gentle tone toaharsh(刺耳的)one，she said,“That is the lunch bell,young man.”
I apologized. Without another word I headed for the cafeteria. I felt lucky because we didn’t have this in India. Every confusion seemed like a barrier I had to get through to reach my goal. At the end of the day,I was on my way to the bus which we didn’t have in India either.I saw my bus and sat down inside happily. I was thinking, today wasn’t so bad.
1. The author attended an American high school because_________| A．his father preferred American schools. | B．his family wanted him to have a bright future. |
| C．his mother had worked in it for 3 years. | D．he had been longing to leave his homeland. |
| A．He went to the wrong class for the second period. |
| B．He met some enthusiastic teachers and classmates. |
| C．He got the Course Requirements sheet from his classmate. |
| D．He experienced differences between American and Indian schools in many ways. |
| A．Door | B．Difficulty | C．Task | D．Period |
| A．Worried | B．Puzzled | C．Happy | D．Excited |
【推荐2】Eating, probably one of the most-important parts of the day and probably one of things that change most when moving to another country. In Oaxaca, Mexico, adapting to eating patterns can take a while.
The first few months of living here I enjoyed eating Mexican food. I quickly learnt that big lunches and small dinners were the Mexican way and I kinda liked it. It made sense. As the months wore on I desired cooking and with it I desired the ingredients I knew and loved.
Oaxaca is known for its fantastic food and the food really is mind-blowing, but the problem for me was variety. I am from London, a city where you can eat food from a different country every day of the week, I was spoilt when it came to choice. I began to instruct friends and family who visited to bring Thai curry paste, sweet chili sauce, Indian curry sauces and gravy to make the perfect English Roast dinner.
For quite a while Oaxacan food lost its charm and the thought of cooking Mexican food was just too annoying. I would start to think about dinner at 5 just as my local market was shut and I would realize I had no ingredients and no means of getting any unless I took a long journey to the supermarket. It sounds like a strange thing to pet concerned about but I really think it was one of the biggest changes that I faced moving to Oaxaca.
However, just as I hit the two-year mark, things changed. I guess somehow I stopped fighting things and I began to adapt to the Oaxaca market food way of life. I shopped regularly for the freshest ingredients. I knew what was in season and I cooked accordingly. I started to realize just how super lucky I was to be able to eat fresh, locally sourced, seasonable food on my own doorstep. What started as culture shock turned into an improved way of living!
1. What did the author think of Mexican food for the first few months?| A．Boring. | B．Amazing. | C．Spicy. | D．Simple. |
| A．She wanted to save money. | B．She couldn’t afford Mexican food. |
| C．She was spoilt by her family. | D．She wanted to eat various foods. |
| A．She preferred shopping in the supermarket. |
| B．She was concerned about strange things. |
| C．Everyday cooking disturbed her quit a lot. |
| D．Food held little appeal for her. |
| A．If you can’t beat them, join them. |
| B．Where there is a will there is a way. |
| C．Food brings people together on many different levels. |
| D．It is never too late to learn. |
【推荐3】Fergal Keane is a well-known BBC war reporter. His reporting helped his television audiences make sense of the horrors of war, but underneath there were more personal scars attracting him to the frontline.
Fergal had seen violence ever since the early days of his work covering the fighting in Belfast. Having reported wars all over the world, in 1994, he was sent to cover the civil war in Rwanda. But what Fergal saw there shocked him like nothing before, as he told BBC World Service programme, Lives Less Ordinary. “I began to have terrible dreams of Rwanda. And of course, at that stage, it was clear that I was mentally hurt. Did I go to the experts in hospital? No, I didn’t.”
Instead, Fergal turned to drinking alcohol and he had another addiction to deal with - the need to keep returning to war. Fergal knew it wasn’t healthy, but he couldn’t stop.
Around the year 2001, it seemed that war was everywhere, and Fergal kept on reporting - in Sudan, Iraq, Afghanistan, and Lebanon. But the nightmares didn’t stop, and his mental health got worse and worse. You might expect Fergal to call it a day at this point, but that’s not how addiction works. He just kept getting pulled back in. He reached a point where he couldn’t carry that anymore, and it’s not dramatic, it’s a slow, steady ruin. Fergal had a nervous breakdown - a period of dangerous mental illness, leaving him unable to face his life. At last, he was admitted into hospital, and this time diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD - a mental illness experienced after violent or shocking events.
After his diagnosis of PTSD, he got support and was finally able to stay away from alcohol and war. In his new book, The Madness: A Memoir of War, Fear and PTSD, Fergal discusses his horrible life living with PTSD.
1. What caused Fergal’s illness?| A．The fighting he covered in Belfast. | B．The violence he saw in Rwanda. |
| C．The terrible dreams he had in Rwanda. | D．The wars he reported all over the world. |
| A．He got drunk and slept well. | B．He talked to the experts at once. |
| C．He told the audiences through BBC. | D．He abandoned himself to alcohol and the frontline. |
| A．To call for help. | B．To make phone calls one day. |
| C．To cry all day. | D．To put a stop to it. |
| A．Overwork can make a person mad. | B．Every experience ends in a book. |
| C．Wars are cruel and damaging. | D．Devotion to one’s job is respectable. |
【推荐1】Hita Gupta used to volunteer at a nursing home, trying to brighten the days of the residents. Now she spreads sunshine far and wide.
As a15-year-old sophomore(高二学生) at Conestoga High School, Hita has created a nonprofit organization that specializes in bringing cheer to socially isolated seniors. Her Brighten A Day foundation started out by sending goodie bags(礼包) with an adult coloring book, a large print puzzle book and crayons to Philadelphia-area nursing homes and sending letters with uplifting messages to facilities in neighboring states.
Hita has since widened the scope(范围) of her project, which is backed by donations through a Go Fund Me page as well as the work of an expanding army of volunteers. The project has reached as far as Hawaii and now includes video messages as well as the delivery of smart devices to help residents communicate with loved ones. “We’ve been able to reach so many seniors-who are among the loneliest people in our society-and let them know they are not alone,” Hita said.
Hita’s project has lifted spirits at the Genesis Wayne Center, according to Kaylee Nichols, the facility’s director. “It’s impressive to see a high school student take that kind of initiative,” Nichols said. “That generation, they normally don’t think about seniors.”
Hita was motivated to take action when officials at the nursing home where she used to volunteer said that she couldn’t visit anymore because of the corona virus outbreak. It made her determined to do something else to try to help. She started the Go Fund Me page, expanded the foundation’s website and began organizing volunteers from around the country to write cards or make videos for nursing home residents, who have been the most severely impacted by COVID-19. Hita also expanded her project to include the acquisition(收购)and distribution of smart devices to nursing homes and long-term care facilities.
“I'm very proud that Hita is able to bring smiles to so many seniors,” her mother, Swait, wrote in an email. Hita said her foundation's name was a reflection of her determination to chase away doubt and depression for folks in need. “I thought of the sun,” Gupta said. “I thought of people in the dark, lonely, and how much I wanted to brighten their days and bring joy to them.”
1. What is the main aim of Hita’s Brighten A Day project?| A．To raise funds for nursing homes. |
| B．To deliver care to seniors at nursing homes. |
| C．To teach seniors to communicate effectively. |
| D．To facilitate the development of the nursing industry. |
| A．It started in Hawaii and then expanded to other states. |
| B．It is supported by volunteers across the country. |
| C．It encourages seniors to use smart devices less. |
| D．It offers its donors a special goodie bag. |
| A．Surprised. | B．Frustrated. | C．Supportive. | D．Disappointed. |
| A．It shows her resolution to get rid of people's sad feeling. |
| B．It's a reflection of her decision to expand her project. |
| C．It mirrors her doubt to bring joy to people in need. |
| D．It is the public image of her project. |
| A．Fame is a great thirst of the young. |
| B．Free care facilities for seniors are necessary. |
| C．Smiling means getting personal desires satisfied. |
| D．Bringing spiritual pleasure to the elderly is meaningful. |
【推荐2】In a storm last summer, Martinez approached Road Runner Road carefully. A swollen river had flooded it. Martinez, driving a Toyota SUV, figured he’d be OK. But that was a big mistake.
Halfway across, the rushing waters grabbed hold of his vehicle, sweeping it off the road and washing it down a rocky stream bed. It finally stopped 80 feet away, when the water somehow lifted the SUV and wedged it in the ground at a 45-degree angle. Trapped inside with muddy water rising quickly, Martinez was certain he was going to die.
On the road right behind Martinez were a delivery worker and his niece. When Martinez’s SUV came to rest, the man leaped to act. First, he grabbed heavy-duty straps (背带) from the back of his truck and secured the SUV to nearby posts. Then he climbed to the top of Martinez’s vehicle and hit a window with his fists, Frustrated, he turned to his niece and yelled, “Give me a rock!”
Over and over he smashed (重击) the rock into the window. “I was scared that something else was going to come down and take the SUV, take him and take my uncle, ”Krystina Reyes, 27, told CBSLA.
Reyes’s uncle shouted to Martinez to move away from the window. He leaned back and threw the rock. Finally, the glass broke. Soon, Martinez climbed through the window and the men escaped to dry land.
“God is great, ”Martinez said later. “I prayed to him to save me.” And he saved Martinez by sending a determined delivery driver.
1. What caused the car accident?| A．Heavy wind. | B．The flood. | C．Heavy frog. | D．Another car. |
| A．To wake the driver. | B．To stop the SUV. |
| C．To break the window. | D．To test the depth of the water. |
| A．Brave and humorous. | B．Kind and friendly. |
| C．Brave and determined. | D．Creative and generous. |
| A．A Scary Accident | B．A Brave Delivery Driver |
| C．A Frightening Flood | D．An Unforgettable Summer |
【推荐3】Food miles are the total distance food travels before being sold. Our food tends to be less tasty and less healthy after traveling long distances. What’s more, the farther food travels, the more it contributes to emitting greenhouse gases. Cape Eleuthera Island School in the Bahamas shows us a delicious way to cut food miles.
Food on campus travels just steps from the gardens to the plates. The school uses an aquaponic system on campus for growing vegetables, which are served in its dining hall. Under this system, the plants get their nutrition from recycled fish waste, while fish swim around in big tanks of water and dirty water gets pumped to the vegetable. Fish waste feeds the plants and the plants purify the water, returning clean H2O to the tank. The aquaponic system uses much less water than traditional farming and is less dependent on good weather.
Students from around the world spend a semester learning hands-on experiences here. Digging in the dirt, doing fieldwork on the farm, students are taught at the aquaponic garden to harvest the lettuce and put it in buckets ready for delivery. No trucks or cars needed for transport. It’s only a bicycle ride or a short walk along the bridge made from recycled rubber and plastics to the dining hall kitchen. All the fruits, vegetables, and fish grown, harvested on campus stay on campus.
The students will leave the Island School as confident teens to lead an eco-aware life at home. “When I returned home, I threw myself into sustainability-related projects.” says Anna, a spring 2020 student. Anna and her friends use cloth napkins and reusable straws. “We usually walk and bike,” she adds. “When the weather is terrible, we carpool.”
Students at the Island School are helping to change the planet by living what they’ve learned and reducing their food miles, one meal at a time.
1. Why does Cape Eleuthera Island School grow its own food?| A．To reduce food miles. | B．To grow more tasty food. |
| C．To feed the students on campus. | D．To teach students hand-on skills. |
| A．They provide food for the plants. | B．They can be sold in the market. |
| C．They clean water for the plants. | D．They are used to decorate the big tanks. |
| A．Using the water-saving aquaponic system. |
| B．Building bridges from recycled rubber. |
| C．Serving campus-grown vegetables in its dining hall. |
| D．Teaching students to work at the aquaponic garden. |
| A．It showed her how poorly she was eating before. |
| B．It caused her to change her habits to be more sustainable. |
| C．It showed her how to make connections with her friends. |
| D．It taught her to set up an aquaponic system back home. |
