【推荐2】Reason for a minute about how you change the considerations inside your mind into comprehensible words. Where did we get this ability? Though a lot of people think that we learn sentence structure in class, our understanding of it begins from the instant of birth!

Truly, teenage kids possess an in born knowledge of grammatical structures that these kids could not probably have learned. The idea that principles of grammar are fixed into people’s minds was initially mentioned by Noam Chomsky, a popular linguist. He said, kids do not grasp the way to talk from mothers or fathers or from anybody else; instead they learn by using their inherent(固有的) skills of grammar. As a result, Chomsky thought, every learning has the exact basic fundamental construction.

A key opinion of Chomsky for that has been the stimulus’ poverty(贫乏), which shows that kids grasp noun and verb constructions they could not have grasped by learning. For instance, to change the sentence “the unicorn(独角兽) was inside the garden” to an inquiry, you need to just shit the “was” to the top of the question. But, for the sentence “the unicorn which was eating the flower was inside the garden,” people need to restructure further than only the initial “was” to change the sentence to an inquiry. For making a correct sentence in terms of grammar, you need to shit the 2nd “was”. Chomsky rightly stated that kids would not have the error of misusing the first method for forming an inquiry to the 2nd, more difficult sentence. In later trials, no children shifted the in correct “was” although there were phrases they possibly did not hear before.

Additionally, deaf children use the right grammatical structure with signs even though they have not studied that before. Psychologists observed a deaf child called Simon. The child’s deaf mother and father just grasped signs in adulthood, hence made numerous grammatical mistakes. In contrast, Simon did not have those mistakes, despite just being exposed to his parents’ pattern of sign language. The only approach to explaining that has been that Simon possessed an inherent grammatical understanding that excluded him from having the same errors as his parents.

【推荐3】Charles Brooks of Newark, New Jersey patented the street sweeper truck on March 17th, 1896. He patented a ticket punch(剪票钳) design too that avoided ticket litter thrown away here and there. Little can be known about him other than that he was a black man.

Horses and oxen were the main means of transportation in Brooks's time—where there are animals, there is manure(粪肥).So there were piles of manure that needed removing regularly. The task of street sweeping was not carried out by machines, but workers sweeping garbage with a broom into a container. This method clearly required a lot of labor, although it did provide employment.

That changed when mechanical street sweepers were invented by Joseph Whitworth in England and C. S. Bishop in the USA, which were still drawn by horses as Bishop's design was dragged behind horses. Later Brooks made some changes—a truck with revolving brushes that swept the litter into a hopper(漏斗). The revolving brushes were attached to the front part of the truck and could be replaced by scrapers for snow removal in winter.

Brooks also designed an improved container for sorting garbage as well as a wheel drive for the automatic turning of the brushes and for powering a lifting mechanism for the scrapers. It's not known whether his design was produced and marketed. The patent number 556711 was issued on March 17tn, 1896. The motor-driven pickup street sweeper was later developed by John M. Murphy for the Elgin Sweeper Company, which first appeared in 1913.