Wind farms(风电场)and flyovers (立交桥) which block (遮挡) some of the country’s most glorious views are the biggest threats to Britain's cultural heritage, the president of English Heritage has said. Simon Thurley said his“biggest challenge” was to find ways to stop the buildings of wind farms and other structures from blocking historic buildings and monuments.
He said, “My focus, and the focus of English Heritage, is to design ways that we can judge the effects of wind farms and other structures. Dr Thurley said the laws to protect monuments and historic buildings were “too old”. Changes were needed to laws so that the views of the listed buildings were protected, he told the audience at the Cheltenham Literature Festival.
Thurley gave the example of Ely, in Cambridgeshire, where he said English Heritage was fighting plans to build a flyover that would block views of this historic cathedral. “The heritage law we have today was not designed to protect the views of Ely Cathedral.” he said, “It was designed to stop (people) pushing it down.”
Dr Thurley said his another challenge was getting the 1970's concrete (混凝土) buildings listed. “We have to work out which ones are worth saving because there's a lot of junk,” he said. He added that for years the government ministers had refused to allow them to be listed, and viewed them as monsters' particularly Margaret Hodge, who refused to list any concrete buildings at all when she was Culture Minister.
But the current minister Ed Vaizey had recently agreed to the listing of the “concrete huge building” of Preston bus station.
Dr Thurley also said that more than 400 buildings, which currently were owned and run by English Heritage, were going to be transferred to a charity.
1. According to Simon Thurley, the biggest problem is that________.| A．there are too many wind farms and flyovers |
| B．there is no way to protect historic buildings |
| C．wind farms and flyovers block beautiful views |
| D．many of the cultural heritages have been damaged |
| A．protect monuments and historical buildings |
| B．protect the views of the listed buildings |
| C．let people know more about the heritage |
| D．get used to the new time and situation |
| A．given | B．transported | C．recommended | D．changed |
| A．The wind farm owners. | B．The government minister. |
| C．Margaret Hodge. | D．Ed Vaizey. |
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【推荐1】Recently China’s netizens took to the microblogging site Weibo to passionately critique pictures Of the Great Wall in Suizhong County Liaoning province(辽宁省绥中县).
And rightly so.
The New York Times described the flattened section as a “cement (水泥) skateboarding lane dumped (遗弃)in the wilderness .” Let me explain if you haven’t seen in the photos : smooth concrete（混凝土）covers the top, and battlements (城垛) along the edges were completely destroyed--work done in the name of “conservation. " The Great Wall has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site for decades recognizing China's diverse architectural history. Undoubtedly, this particular “conservation” represents a tragedy for the whole world.
As the tourism industry in China picks up, heritage sites are coming under greater public scrutiny(公众监督). Sites that I have visited such as the Summer Palace, Terracotta Warriors and Yu Garden each see millions of tourists every year. As a result, we have grounds to believe that historic sites do need conservation for fear that the inevitable crowds of tourists will trample (践踏) them into dust.
However ，conservation should not only improve physical accessibility it should also retain the character and enhance the experience. One need not look farther than Badaling or Mutianyu in Beijing. While this Great wall restoration provides significant employment opportunities and mostly protects the wall from destruction, it is not without fault. Many visitors complain of overcrowding , the “fakeness” of gauy (花哨的) new architecture and high ticket prices.
Moreover, there is no comprehensive (全面的) academic publication in any language about the Great Wall. Little scientific knowledge proves the truth of historical and political claims. For instance, UNESCO still claims that the Great wall can be seen from space while China's first taikonaut Yang Liwei stated otherwise.
Unfortunately, the restoration of the Great Wall in Suizhong cannot be changed back to what it was before. Then what can you young people do to support the Great Wall and other historic sites in China? At least it is within your power to learn about the rich history of heritage sites, observe guidelines when visiting them and encourage others to follow your example.
1. According to the New York Times , the restoration of the Great Wall was_______| A．of no importance | B．far from satisfactory |
| C．worth the effort | D．not too bad |
| A．It cost a large sum of money |
| B．It was only focused on physical accessibility |
| C．It was not approved by the loyal government |
| D．It was meant to development tourism industry in China |
| A．it was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site several years ago |
| B．it can be found in different provinces of China |
| C．It attracts a large number of tourists every year |
| D．it cannot be seen from space |
①spread the information of how to go to those sites
②study the rich history of those sites
③obey the guidelines when visiting those sites
④point out other tourists' bad behavior when visiting those sites
| A．①②③ | B．①②④ |
| C．①③④ | D．②③④ |
【推荐2】Before war and time destroy more of our important cultural sites, we need to save them in 3-D digital libraries. Across 163 different countries, more than 1,000 natural and cultural historic places make up our most precious human heritage, which UNESCO calls World Heritage Sites.
We lose a little of that heritage every day. War, climate change and pollution have bad effects, as do wind and rain. The $4 million a year that UNESCO spends on preservation is not nearly enough to take care of even the four dozen sites considered to be at approaching risk of being lost forever. Now there’s a better choice. New digital conservation technologies let us hold on to them, at least virtually, through 3-D scanning, modelling and digital storage. Such projects can be accomplished through cooperation between governments, universities, industries and non-profit organizations.
To make a 3-D model, a laser (激光) scanner bounces light off an object and records the results. To reproduce every corner and opening, the scanner collects overlapping (重登的) images from all possible angles. A computer then sews them together into one large surface image and draws lines from one point to another to create a wireframe model. High-resolution digital cameras add colour and texture. When fully put together, the models can be viewed, printed or operated.
These scans do more than preserving a memory in a database. With highly accurate measurements, archaeologists (考古学家) can find hidden passages or reveal ancient engineering tricks. School kids can explore places they might otherwise never see. And when a site is destroyed, the scans can even be used to reconstruct what was there. That has already happened to one World Heritage Site, the Kasubi Tombs in Uganda. Built of wood in 1882, they were destroyed by fire in 2010 and rebuilt in 2014, based in large part on 3-D models made in 2009. More than 100 World Heritage Sites have already been preserved through 3-D models, and conservationists are racing to record as more as possible.
1. How does the author show the necessity for 3-D digital libraries in the first two paragraphs?| A．By listing the threats to our human heritage. |
| B．By introducing some damaged historical sites. |
| C．By quoting some experts’ views on heritage protection. |
| D．By explaining UNESCO’s research on World Heritage Sites. |
| A．The function of a laser scanner. |
| B．The process of making a 3-D model. |
| C．The reflection of light off an object. |
| D．The development of 3-D digital technology. |
| A．They are metal-framed. |
| B．They were once destroyed in an earthquake. |
| C．They were reconstructed thanks to 3-D models. |
| D．They are still in its original condition. |
| A．Never ignore the destructive power of war. |
| B．Take action to reduce pollution in historic places. |
| C．Invest more money to preserve World Heritage Sites. |
| D．Take advantage of 3-D technology to keep history. |
【推荐3】Singapore’s tradition of eating out in places called Hawker centers is now recognized by the united Nations for its cultural importance.
A hawker is a person who sells food or goods and advertises by shouting at people walking by on the street. Hawkers are an important part of Singaporean culture. Open-air eating areas where hawkers sell their goods are very popular. Famous chefs, such as Anthony Bourdain and Gordon Ramsay have praised them.
On December 16, the United Nations’ cultural agency, UNESCO, added the city’s “hawker culture” to its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Singapore sought to have hawker culture added to the list about two years ago.
Now that it has been recognized, Singapore must provide a report every six years to UNESCO.
In the 1970s, Singapore cleaned up its streets so the city moved street hawkers to new eating centers.
| A．And they appear in popular films like Crazy Rich Asians. |
| B．Singapore’s President Halimah Yacob posted the news on Facebook. |
| C．Here are our top hawker food centre picks and the best bites you simply have to try. |
| D．Hawker culture has shaped the Singaporean identity in many ways. |
| E．But Singapore’s hawker culture does face difficulties. |
| F．These areas were part of an effort to improve the island. |
| G．The report must show efforts that the city-state has made to save and support its hawker culture. |
【推荐1】Two towns in Boulder County, Colorado are struggling to recover after terrible wildfires destroyed nearly 1,000 buildings.
The Marshall fire and the Middle Fork fire began on Thursday morning as grass fires. Strong winds blowing at speeds of up to 175 kph helped feed the flames and spread them further. The fires spread through towns located between the larger cities of Boulder and Denver. Over 30,000 people were forced to leave Louisville, Superior, and two other nearby towns as the fire swept through the area.
By Friday morning, the wildfires had burned roughly 25 square kilometers. The Middle Fork fire was brought under control on Friday, but the Marshall fire was harder to stop Nearly 1,000 buildings were destroyed, including hundreds of homes, a hotel, and a shopping center.
In spite of the power of the wildfires, there have only been a few injuries. So far, no deaths have been reported. Authorities initially suggested that the fire may have been caused by power lines downed by the wind. But company Xcel Energy reported Friday that none of its power lines in the area where the fire began had been downed, throwing that explanation into question.
Surprisingly, snow began falling on Friday night, helping to put out the fire. But by Saturday, the snow and falling temperatures had begun to cause new problems. Many homes in the area were left with no electricity and no gas for heating. With temperatures around -14℃, water pipes began freezing and breaking in many of the homes that had survived the flames.
Many people are looking at the part the climate crisis played in this disaster. Wildfire season used to run from May to November, but that’s no longer true. Temperatures in the area have been unusually warm since July. Jennifer Balch，who’s a fire scientist，told the Denver Post, “Climate change is definitely a part of this story, in that fire seasons are 1onger.”
1. How many towns were affected by the fires?| A．2. | B．3. | C．4. | D．5. |
| A．They were put out at the same time. |
| B．It hasn’t been clear how they started. |
| C．They’re the worst wildfires in Colorado. |
| D．No one was injured or killed in the fires. |
| A．The wildfire season is shorter than before. |
| B．Boulder County is in urgent need of rain. |
| C．People are not prepared for extreme weather. |
| D．Climate change is to partially blame for the fires. |
| A．It never rains but it pours. | B．Save for a rainy day. |
| C．Kill two birds with one stone. | D．Prevention is better than cure. |
【推荐2】If you learned about Thanksgiving in an American elementary school, chances are that the holiday is in honor of how the Pilgrim (清教徒) of Plymouth, Mass, celebrated the harvest by enjoying a dinner with their friendly Indian neighbors. This story is inspired by a real 1621 meal, which reflects neither the 17th century nor the 21st century understanding of it.
An 1889 novel that described Thanksgiving as an outdoor feast became a best-seller. The growing Ad industry helped spread popular images of the tale. By the 1920s, Thanksgiving was the most talked-about holiday in U.S. classrooms. The parts that made the colonists (殖民者) look bad were left out.
However, many classrooms are beginning to change. And on a recent Saturday morning in Washington D.C., about two dozen teachers went to the National Museum of the American Indian to learn a better way to teach the Thanksgiving story. When Gokey, the museum’s teacher-services worker, explained that early Thanksgivings celebrated the burning of a Pequot village in 1637 and the killing of Wampanoag leader Massasoit’s son, listeners felt shocked.
“I look back now and realize I was teaching a lot of wrong facts and ideas,” Tonia Parker, a second-grade teacher told TIME.
Teachers like the ones at the workshop know that change is coming, and state social-studies standards increasingly encourage students to look at history from multiple angles. Moreover, teaching a better lesson about thankfulness is something anyone can support.
At the workshop in Washington, after learning something new, participants learned to say “Wado”. That Cherokee word means “Thank you”.
1. What did Americans learn about Thanksgiving from the elementary school?| A．It was first celebrated in 1889. |
| B．It was a family feast for the Pilgrims. |
| C．It reflected the real history of the 17th century. |
| D．It showed the friendship between the Pilgrims and Indians. |
| A．To confirm the importance of the holiday. |
| B．To prepare for the changing of the classroom. |
| C．To find a more appropriate way to teach Thanksgiving. |
| D．To correct their misunderstanding about Thanksgiving. |
| A．All Americans support teaching a better lesson about thankfulness. |
| B．Lessons about thankfulness are increasingly popular. |
| C．Participants at the workshop learned to support each other. |
| D．Students are encouraged to see history from different aspects. |
| A．The Importance of Thanksgiving Education |
| B．Thanksgiving: a Holiday with a Hidden Truth |
| C．Thanksgiving: a Holiday Popularized by a Novel |
| D．The Reform of Education in American Classrooms |
【推荐3】Diana Golden was twelve years old when she had cancer. She was walking home one day after playing in the snow when her right leg simply gave out. Doctors diagnosed the problem as bone cancer. They recommended removing her leg above the knee.
When Diana heard the news, she asked the only first question: “Will I be still able to ski?”
“When the doctors said yes,” she later recalled, “I figured it wouldn’t be too bad.”
Losing a leg would cause most children to lose confidence and hope, but Diana refused to dwell on the negative. “It is nothing. A body part.” she’d say.
Most of all, Diana was not discouraged. She loved skiing and she had been on skis since the age of five. After the operation, Diana worked hard to get back to the mountain near her home. “I always skied and I intended to keep on skiing. I never doubt that.” she declared. Diana met her goal. She was back out on the slopes.
With just one leg, Diana made the best of it. In high school, Diana became a member of her school’s ski racing team. And in 1979, when she was just seventeen, she joined the US Disabled Ski Team.
After high school, Diana went on to Dartmouth College. Determined not to be left behind, Diana continued her training with the Dartmouth team. “I had one leg, which meant I had to do it differently.” she later explained.
In 1982, Diana entered her first international ski race. She won the world Handicapped Championship in Norway. In 1986, Diana won the Beck Award given to the best American racer in international skiing. And in 1988, she was named Ski Racing Magazine’s U.S. Female Skier of the Year.
With her courage and determination, Diana has changed how people look at disabled athletes. “Everyone has some kind of disability,” Diana says. “It’s what we do with our abilities that matters.”
In 1990, Diana retired from racing for good.
1. What does the underlined phrase “dwell on” probably mean in paragraph 4?| A．Put away. | B．Think about. |
| C．Leave behind. | D．Hang over. |
a. Diana entered her first international ski race.
b. Diana was diagnosed with bone cancer.
c. She practiced skiing at the age of five.
d. Diana began training with the Dartmouth team.
e. She became a member of the US Disabled Ski Team.
| A．bcade. | B．cbdae. | C．cbeda. | D．bceda. |
| A．inform the readers about disabled skiers |
| B．describe the events in international ski competitions |
| C．tell about the disadvantages of being a disabled skier |
| D．inspire the readers with Diana’s courage and resolution |
| A．Go for the gold | B．Lose a leg |
| C．Ski to the last minute | D．Compete for the disabled |
