组卷网 > 高中英语综合库 > 语篇范围 > 体裁分类 > 说明文
题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:344 题号:1537994

President Coolidge’s statement, “The business of America is business,” still points to a very important truth today — that business organizations have more prestige (威望) in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government. Why do business institutions still possess this great prestige?

One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the idea of competition than other organizations in society. Since competition is seen as the main source of progress and development by most Americans, competitive business organizations are respected. Competition is not only good in itself; it is the means by which other basic American values, such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and hard work are protected.

Competition protects the individual freedom by making sure that there is no monopoly (垄断) of power. Compared with one and all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for benefit. If one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to the competing business which treats its customers more fairly. Since there are many businesses competing for the customers’ dollars, they cannot afford to treat them unfairly and the customers would lose nothing.A contrast is often made between business, which is competitive, and government, which is a monopoly. Because business is competitive, many Americans believe that it gives more support for freedom than government, even though government leaders are elected by the people while business leaders are not. Many Americans believe that competition is as important, or even more important, as democracy in protecting freedom.

Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the idea of equal opportunities. Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to any person regardless of his or her social class background. Competitive success is commonly seen as the American choice of the higher social position which is not based on one’s family background. Business is therefore viewed as an expression of the idea of equal opportunities.

1. Which of the following is discussed as the main topic in the passage?
A.Competition in America’s business.B.Freedom in America’s business.
C.Americans’ different values.D.Business against government.
2. Americans believe that they can realize their personal values ______.
A.when given equal opportunities
B.through doing business
C.by protecting their individual freedom
D.by means of competition
3. Who can benefit from business competition?
A.Businessmen who compete.
B.Customers of those businesses.
C.People with the idea of equality and freedom.
D.Both business organizations and government.
4. It could be inferred from the passage that the author believes ______.
A.business in other countries are not as competitive as those in the USA
B.business problems are very important to the American government
C.the competition in business plays a very important role in America
D.American business is the most powerful one in the whole world
12-13高三下·辽宁丹东·阶段练习 查看更多[1]
【知识点】 说明文 市场与经济

相似题推荐

阅读理解-阅读单选(约420词) | 适中 (0.65)
【推荐1】Are you an optimist? Do you look at your glass and see it as half full? Do you believe that every cloud has a silver lining and that things generally turn out for the best? Do you believe that if something is meant to be, it will be? If you reply “yes” to all of these questions, then you are an optimist. You probably are enthusiastic, cheerful and outgoing. You may be successful at work and in love.
But you may be misguided because things don't turn out for the best. You may believe that when one door closes another one opens (for example, you may fail to obtain a new job; another chance will come around soon ). Wrong. When one door closes, another door slams ( 砰然关上 ) in your face. That’s bitter reality.
Now a book has been published which confirms what pessimists (悲观者) have suspected all along. It’s called The Positive Power of Defensive Pessimism. Its author argues that defensive pessimism can lead to positive results. Defensive pessimism is a strategy used to manage fear, anxiety and worry. Defensive pessimists prepare for the things by setting low outcomes for themselves. They carefully consider everything that may go wrong and plan for ways to handle these problems. And this gives them a sense of control. Lawrence Sanno, a psychology professor, says, “What's interesting about defensive pessimists is that they tend to be very successful people, so their low opinion of the situation's outcomes is not realistic. They use it to motivate themselves to perform better.”
So far, so good. _____________ Defensive pessimists prepare carefully and consider what might go wrong, whether at work, on date or even in a sports game. It makes sense to have a back-up plan. There are many sayings in English urging caution. For example, “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.”
And “Don’t count your chickens until they hatch.” To have a confident and optimistic approach to life’s problems is good. But listen to what Woody Alien, the American comedian says ,” Confidence is what you have before you understand the problem.”
There are pros and cons to being an optimist and a pessimist. Don’t feel bad if you see the glass half empty. You are a realist. But lighten up and hook up with someone who sees the same glass half full.
1. What’s the passage mainly about?
A.The benefits of defensive pessimism.
B.How to become successful in life
C.The dangers of being too optimistic.
D.A book that has recently been published.
2. The underlined sentence “This is not rocket science” ( Para.4 ) means ______.
A.it’s not a dangerous thing to do
B.there is no real proof
C.the cost is not so high
D.it is quite simple to understand
3. Which of the following English expressions would a defensive pessimist believe?
A.Whatever will be, will be.
B.The glass is half full not half empty.
C.Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.
D.Every cloud has a silver lining.
4. The writer would probably describe himself as ______.
A.an optimistB.a realist
C.a defeatistD.a scientist
2016-05-30更新 | 57次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约260词) | 适中 (0.65)
名校
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。本文是Ynez图书馆的介绍,阐述了图书馆的使命和核心价值观及为访客提供的不同服务和活动,并说明了怎样接触特殊收藏。

【推荐2】At Ynez Library, we are champions of curiosity. At its core, our mission for nearly four centuries has been to advance the learning, research, and pursuit of truth. Our efforts are motivated and powered by working collaboratively, embracing diverse perspectives, championing access, aiming for the extraordinary, and always leading with curiosity.

There are plenty of opportunities for visitors to experience our collections. Ynez ID holders may bring up to four guests into the library. For more details, click on the following icons (图标).

Visitors
Interested in using our libraries, but are not a Ynez student, faculty, alum, or staff? You’re in the right place.
Exhibits
Library exhibits tell the unique stories of our diverse and deep collections. Many are open to the public.
Tours
Browse upcoming library tours. Some tours are open to the public; others are open to Ynez ID Holders and their guests.
Events
Many library events are open to the public, including academic meetings, forums, lectures, etc. Check Admittance information first.

SPECIAL COLLECTIONS

Many of our libraries are home to rare and unique materials, which are available to all researchers.

• Our special collections are open to all without a fee, by appointment.

• Please contact the holding library to learn more about accessing their special collection items in person.

• Different libraries have different holdings, so you may want to start by using our search tools to find materials relevant to your research.

1. What does Ynez Library highlight in the first paragraph?
A.Its new changes.B.Its main values.
C.Its best achievements.D.Its working principles.
2. Which part should a person click on if he plans to attend a scientist’s speech?
A.Visitors.B.Exhibits.C.Tours.D.Events.
3. How can a researcher find the special holdings quickly in the library?
A.By paying a special fee.B.By visiting main libraries.
C.By locating them online.D.By appointing a librarian.
2024-04-19更新 | 206次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约270词) | 适中 (0.65)
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文,文章介绍了三个博物馆使用VR技术提供线上旅游服务,游客可以点击网址在线旅游。

【推荐3】Visit Museums Online

Some of the best museums across China are putting their exhibitions online in VR format for free. While stuck at home due to the COVID-19 outbreak, why not take an online tour at museums that you would not otherwise have time for?

The Palace Museum

The Palace Museum is known as the Forbidden City. Visitors can browse (浏览) all the buildings of the Palace Museums. More than 400,000 imperial artifacts have been digitized online, which can definitely help you gain knowledge and immerse yourself in a cultural atmosphere.

The websites: https://paQO.dpm.org.cn/gugong_app_pc/index.html

https://www.dpm.org.cn/shuziduobaoge/html

Shanghai Museum

Shanghai Museum is a large and famous museum, which collects over 120,000 precious artistic relics from more than 5,000 years ago to the Qing Dynasty. The marvelous bronze, ceramics, paintings and calligraphy offer a visual feast for the eyes, and also provide a good chance for people to learn the profound Chinese history and culture.

If you are into ancient Chinese arts and crafts, then the online Shanghai Museum is definitely worth your time.

The website: https://www.shanghaimuseum.net/treasure/show/show

Mogao Caves

The Mogao Caves, also known as Thousand Buddha Grottoes, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located near Dunhuang in northwest China’s Gansu Province.

Now visitors can directly browse dozens of classic caves and enjoy the murals (壁画) by cave rooms through the “Digital Dunhuang”, the website of the Mogao Caves. The development of “Digital Dunhuang” not only amazes visitors in a visual sense but also “moves” the Mogao Grottoes outside.

The website: https://www.e-dunhuang.com/index.html

1. The people interested in ancient Chinese arts and crafts should visit________.
A.https://www.e-dunhuang.com/mdex.html
B.https://www.dpm.org.cn/shuziduobaoge/html
C.https://pano.dpm.org.cn/gugong_app_ pc/index.htm
D.https://www.shanghaimuseum.net/treasure/show/show
2. What can the visitors see through “Digital Dunhuang”?
A.Precious imperial artifacts.B.Classic caves and the murals.
C.Ancient people living in the caves.D.All the artistic relics of Dunhuang.
3. What is the purpose of writing the passage?
A.To guide what to do at weekends.B.To recommend an online tour.
C.To ask people to stay at home.D.To invite visitors to real scenic spots.
2023-02-14更新 | 80次组卷
共计 平均难度:一般