The sun is setting, brightening your kids’ faces as they play in the waves. You reach for your phone for this perfect moment. But before you do, here’s a bit of surprising science: Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.
Taking too many pictures could actually harm the brain’s ability to keep memories, says Elizabeth Loftus, a psychology professor at the University of California, Irvine. So we get the photo but kind of lose the memory.
Photography “outsources” memories. It works in two ways: We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures, or we’re so distracted (分散注意力的) by the process that we miss the moment altogether.
The first explanation is the loss of memory. People know that their camera is recording that moment, so they don’t try to remember. Similarly, if you write down someone’s phone number, you’re less likely to remember it offhand because your brain tells you there’s just no need. That’s all well and good — until that piece of paper goes missing.
The other is distraction. We’re distracted by the process of taking a photo — how we hold our phone, composing the photo, such as smiling faces, the background to our liking and clear image, all of which uses up our attention that could otherwise help us memorize.
However, taking photos can benefit memory — when done mindfully. While taking a photo may be distracting, the act of preparation by focusing on visual (视觉的) details around has some upsides. When people take the time to zoom in (拉近镜头) on specific things, memories become strengthened.
Another benefit is that we recall moments more accurately (准确的) with the photos. Memory has been reshaped with the help of new information and new experiences. Thus, photos or videos help us recall moments as if they really happened.
Memories die away without a visual record backing them up. Therefore, a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully, which is worth exploring further.
1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?| A．To introduce the topic. | B．To make us think of similar experience. |
| C．To show the interest in taking photos. | D．To call on readers not to take photos. |
| A．Taking photos is helpful for us to memorize. |
| B．Photos are more detailed than memories. |
| C．People depend more on photos to remember than their brains. |
| D．Many sources influence people’s memories during photo-taking. |
| A．Situations when taking photos is better. | B．When distraction is most likely to happen. |
| C．How to stay focused while taking photos. | D．How to use photo-taking to memorize better. |
| A．Photography or Memories? |
| B．Photography Does Help to Memories |
| C．The Fewer Photos We Take, the Better We Will Remember |
| D．Remember the Moment and Take Photos Properly |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】As a photographer, have you thought about entering photo competitions? Which photo competition should you enter? If you’ve found yourself asking the questions, you’re in the right place. This article will introduce some of the most famous photo competitions to you.
World Press Photo AwardsIf you want to test your photojournalism (摄影新闻报道) skills against others in more than one competition, consider joining the World Press Photo Awards. The competition has been hosted each year since1955 and there are regional and overall winners.
Deadline (截止日期): JanuaryEntry Fees: Free
Prizes: Regional winners: €1, 000. Global winners: £6,000.
Istanbul Photo Awards
The Istanbul Photo Awards is hosted each year by Anadolu Agency, Turkey. But you don’t need to have abase in Istanbul to enter the competition.
You can apply for several categories (类别) , including single news, story news, and categories ranging from sports to nature. The competition is organized mainly for news photographers.
Deadline: FebruaryEntry Fees: Free
Prizes: Category winners: $3,000. Runners-up (亚军) : $1,500. Third-placed: $1, 000.
Amateur Photographer of the Year
The Amateur Photographer of the Year award is held every year. You’ll have the opportunity to enter several rounds throughout the year, each of which has a different topic.
Deadline: VariesEntry Fees: Free
Prizes: Winner gets £500 (each round); £1, 000 for the overall winner. Second-placed get £100. Third-placed get £50.
Landscape Photographer of the Year
If you live in the UK and want to show your country’s beauty, you might want to consider entering the competition. The competition has several categories, including city life, black and white, and classic view.
Deadline: MayEntry Fees: £9.99.
Prizes: Winner: £10, 000 and a book. Category winners: £1, 000 and a book. Category runners-up: A book.
1. Which competition can a photographer enter several times in a year?
| A．Istanbul Photo Awards. | B．World Press Photo Awards. |
| C．Amateur Photographer of the Year. | D．Landscape Photographer of the Year. |
| A．They require entry fees. | B．They set three levels of prizes. |
| C．They are hosted in the same month each year. | D．They are mainly held for news photographers. |
| A．£500 | B．£1, 000 | C．£6, 000 | D．£10, 000 |
【推荐2】Exhibitions of the British Museum in 2024
Legion life in the Roman army
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8 July-18 August 2024
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Experience Rome’s war machine through the people who knew it best. Expansive yet deeply personal, this exhibition transports you through the life and service of a real Roman soldier, Claudius Terentianus, from enlistment and campaigns to enforcing occupation then finally retirement. Objects include letters written on papyri and the Vindolanda tablets, revealing first-hand what daily life was like for soldiers and the women, children and enslaved people who accompanied them. | This masterpiece is considered a milestone in Chinese painting history. Traditionally attributed to Gu Kaizhi (about AD345-406), it probably dates to between AD 400 and700. Due to conservation precautions, it can only be displayed for six weeks a year. The Admonitions Scroll depicts a poetic text composed by an official Zhang Hua（about AD 232-300）aimed at correcting the behaviour of an empress. The Scroll carries inscriptions (题词) by later collectors including the Qianlong emperor. |
Gesture and line
Explore the work of four artists who spearheaded (引领) the practice of drawing in the post-war years. From the 1960s drawing assumed a prominent position among a rising generation of post-war artists in Germany and Austria. This exhibition examines works on paper by four of these artists, who are still comparatively little known in the UK. | Around the world in 90
£ 14 Explore some of the most famous objects on display at the Museum. Follow our knowledgeable volunteer tour guide on a journey of discovery around the galleries. See spectacular sculptures from ancient Greece, explore life and death in ancient Egypt and get closer to many more highlights from the collection. |
1 Feb 2024-23 Jun 2024
Adults from E22, Members and under-16s free. | A．The rise and fall of the Roman empire. | B．The function of machines in the war. |
| C．Daily objects used by Roman civilians. | D．Life records of a retired Roman soldier. |
| A．It is on display every 6 weeks. | B．It changes the course of painting. |
| C．It bears Qianlong’s handwriting on it. | D．It was created by official Zhang Hua. |
| A．Gesture and line. |
| B．Around the world in 90. |
| C．Legion life in the Roman army. |
| D．Admonitions of the instructress to the court ladies. |
【推荐3】A European Union program is letting blind people experience famous paintings for the first time. It uses three dimensional (3-D) printing to re-create famous paintings so that they can be touched.
One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimt’s “The Kiss.” It is a popular attraction at the Belvedere Museum in Vienna, Austria. The painting shows a man and a woman standing in a field filled with flowers. They are wearing gold robes and have their arms around each other. The man leans down to kiss the woman.
Klimt finished the painting in 1908. Until now, people who have trouble seeing can not enjoy the artwork. But thanks to the reproduction (复制品) they can touch the piece and feel the ridges (隆起) and depressions (凹地). Andreas Reichinger started making 3-D versions of artwork in 2010. He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couple’s robes are so detailed (精细的).
Dominika Raditsch is a blind museum visitor. She touched the reproduction. As she moved her hands around it, she said, “Exactly, can you see these? There are so many details.” Raditsch said she can imagine what the original painting looks like when she touches the reproduction. “It’s somehow round. You can feel it. It comes with it. And in many places it’s so smooth. And then I think to myself: it probably shines too!” Raditsch said.
The Belvedere is not the only museum to have 3-D versions of its artwork. Some of the pieces at the Prado, in Madrid, Spain, have reproductions that can be touched. But the piece in Vienna has one special part: it is made with widely available 3-D printing technology. That means one day, blind art fans anywhere in the world could download the source files and print the reproductions themselves.
1. What is “The Kiss”?| A．A European Union project. | B．A popular painting |
| C．A 3-D technology. | D．A famous museum. |
| A．The painting was reproduced detailedly. |
| B．The original artwork was made in 1908. |
| C．Blind art fans can’t download the source files. |
| D．The 3-D technology is not available. |
| A．A European Union Program for Museum Visitors |
| B．How to Reproduce the World-famous Paintings |
| C．A Special Museum for Art Fans in Vienna, Austria |
| D．3-D Printing Lets the Blind Experience Famous Paintings |
【推荐1】American country music is also known as country western music. It has a very long history. It comes from the folk songs of immigrants (移民) from Britain.
Country music uses simple music and words to express everyday feelings such as loneliness, love, and sadness.That is to say, country music describes life. It talks about friends and enemies, trucks and roads,farm and crops. People in many parts of the world like country music, because everyone can understand what the music is about.
Country western music became popular first among cowboys (牛仔) in the American west countryside. Cowboys had to take care of cows day and night. When they were alone with the cows, they often sang beautiful and peaceful songs to calm the animals and to overcome their own fear.They were not well-educated and so they sang about their daily life in very simple words. They played guitars, violins and other instruments. In the south of America,many people added instruments from their homes, like bottles and spoons. When cowboys visited their friends and families on holidays like Thanksgiving, they usually sang and played country western music.
In recent years, many musicians have made country western music a little different from the one in the past. These changes make the songs sound even better. Today singers such as Carth Brooks, Reba McEntire, Emmylou Harris, Lyle Lovett, Eddie Rabbitt, LeAnn Rimes, Randy Travis and a group called Alabama are singing and playing in different styles. They have brought country western music more and more fans from all over the world.
1. The underlined words “calm the animals” here mean “make the animals become ”.| A．sad and lonely | B．quiet and relaxed |
| C．angry and wild | D．upset and scared |
| A．Early immigrants lived a very simple life. |
| B．Many country music singers are not well-educated. |
| C．Cowboys usually played country western music on holidays. |
| D．In the west of America, cowboys added instruments from their homes. |
| A．Americans Love American Country Music |
| B．The History of American Country Music |
| C．Singers and Fans of American Country Music |
| D．All Kinds of American Music,Yesterday and Today |
| A．it has a long history |
| B．it comes from Europe |
| C．it is sung by cowboys |
| D．it is easy to understand |
It was 270 B.C. when St. Valentine stood up for love, after Roman Emperor Claudius II forbade Roman soldiers to get engaged or married, believing that married men would rather stay at home than go to war. The priest named Valentine, in defiance (对抗) of Claudius’ orders, secretly married young couples, and on Feb. 14, was punished for his “crime”, thereby becoming the patron saint (守护神) of lovers.
Besides this story, there are some old beliefs about this day:
During the Middle Ages, Europeans believed that birds chose their mates each year on Feb. 14.
Some people used to believe that if a woman saw a robin fly overhead on Valentine’s Day, it meant she would marry a sailor; if she saw a sparrow, she’d marry a millionaire.
If you cut an apple in half and count how many seeds are inside, you will know how many children you will have.
And some charming Valentine’s Day Customs.
In Wales, wooden love spoons were carved and given as gifts on Feb. 14.
Heart, keys and keyholes were favorite decorations, which meant “you unlock my heart!”
In the Middle Ages, young men and women drew names from a bowl to see who their valentines would be. They’d wear these names on their sleeves for one week—hence the term “to wear your heart on your sleeve”.
1. According to the story, Valentine was originally the name of a ________.
| A．lover | B．priest |
| C．ruler | D．feast |
| A．married soldiers are not loyal to the country |
| B．married soldiers are less willing to fight |
| C．there was no time for soldiers to get married |
| D．marriage is a crime |
| A．He didn’t join the army. |
| B．He helped people escape from being sent to the battle field. |
| C．He married couples despite the prohibition from the ruler. |
| D．He openly defied the ruler’s order to end his marriage. |
| A．Feb. 14 and 15 were originally a time for keeping wolves. |
| B．People used to believe that birds chose mates on Valentine’s Day. |
| C．People believed that the birds they saw on Valentine’s Day predicted what kind of person they would marry. |
| D．The Welsh used to give out wooden spoons on Feb.14. |
| A．openly express your feelings or emotions to others. |
| B．hardly take your feelings or emotions very seriously. |
| C．officially announce that you have been married |
| D．proudly show your choice of sleeve pattern |
【推荐3】Missouri Wildlife Rescue Center
Missouri Wildlife Rescue Center is a shelter for endangered and illegally-traded foreign animals confiscated (没收) by the U.S. Wildlife Service. It carries out the motto "Preservation through Education" by educating visitors about the preservation of the environment and the inter-dependence of all living things.
Field trips
The Center hosts field trips for schools and camps throughout Southern California. Each field trip lasts two hours, consisting of a one-hour gathering and a one-hour tour of the facility with lessons associated with California State Science Standards.
Throughout the field trip, students learn about the latest developments in environmental protection and the ways in which wildlife interacts with various ecosystems. The students also receive an up-close and hands-on experience with our rescued foreign wildlife. The tour includes different environmental exhibits that show the ways students can help protect animals in the wild.
Public tours
Guided tours of the Center introduce visitors to over two hundred rescued foreign wildlife. Each tour is led by a staff member, and features fun animal facts, hands-on animal encounters. surprising rescue stories, environmental exhibits, and original approaches to going green. Visitors may only see the animals on a guided tour, for both your safety and the safety of our animals.
The guided tour lasts approximately 45-60 minutes. Visitors are served on a first-come, first-served basis. No reservations are required. However, tours may sell out. We suggest larger groups schedule a private tour.
Our regular public tour’s times are subject to change without notice. Please call in advance for the most up-to-date information
1. What is Missouri Wildlife Rescue Center intended for?| A．Helping study wildlife abroad. |
| B．Collecting money for animal shelters. |
| C．Raising awareness of wildlife protection. |
| D．Deepening our understanding of rare animals. |
| A．Share stories of rescuing animals. | B．Take part in foreign wildlife rescue. |
| C．Explore why species get endangered. | D．Learn how wildlife affects ecosystems. |
| A．Large groups are served first. | B．Animals are not available. |
| C．Booking ahead is needed. | D．Tours 'times are flexible. |
