In 1937, Peking University and Tsinghua University     1     (occupy) by Japanese troops, while Nankai University was completely destroyed by bombing.     2     (save) their educational and intellectual heritage, the three universities joined together in Kunming as National Southwest Associated University, otherwise known     3     Lianda.

Despite the immense hardships and the daunting     4     (challenge), it was right in this place, over a period of eight long years,     5     the nation’s intellectual heritage was guarded and fortified.

With the country at war, students at Lianda were not going to shirk their duty.     6     (drive) by a sense of commitment, a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.

A product of the war, Lianda is now     7     (physical) gone.     8     it has become the crowning glory of China's modern universities.

More than eighty years on, the priceless     9     (contribute) of Lianda still needs to be reaffirmed. It     10     (become) part of the collective memory of the Chinese nation, with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era.

By the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE), these symbols     1     (become) a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time     2     people were divided geographically,     3     (lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters. This,     4    , changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221-207 BCE).

Come and see the Terracotta Army: more than 8,000 statues    1    (make) in the third century BCE to guard the tomb of the Chinese Emperor Qingshihuang! Each statue    2    (have) a different face, leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier. The statues fill only one part of the emperor’s huge tomb,    3    still has not been completely unearthed. More than 700,000 people worked for nearly 40 years to build this tomb. However, no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974, when some    4    (farmer) discovered the tomb while they were digging a well!

【推荐1】Chengdu, capital city of southwestern China’s Sichuan Province,     1     (name) one of the top ancient capitals in China at a conference     2     (hold) on Oct. 25^th, 2016. Along with Chengdu, nine other cities, including Beijing, Xi’an, Nanjing and Luoyang,     3     (be) also on the list.

As one of the cradles (摇篮) of Chinese civilization, Chengdu has a history of more than 4,500 years. It is one of the     4     (old) cities in China, even in the world, having been the capital of five major states.     5     addition, Chengdu has done a good job preserving     6     (it) history. The location, name, and center of the city have never been changed, which reflects     7     (clear) the city’s vitality (活力) and cultural identity.

“Chengdu has a unique spirit, related to inclusiveness and independence,” said the president of a(n)     8     (associate) of ancient Chinese capital studies. “Chengdu is     9     open and influential city in Chinese history. So, there is no doubt     10     it is an important and famous capital.”

The computer began     1     a calculating machine in France in 1642. Although it was young it could     2     (simple) difficult sums. The computer developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before it was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. After the computer was programmed by an operator    3     used cards with holes, it could “think”     4     (logical) and produce an answer     5     (quick) than any person. At that time it was considered a technological revolution and the start of “artificial intelligence”.

In 1936, Alan Turing wrote     6     book about how the computer could be made to work as a “universal machine”     7     (solve) any difficult mathematical problem. From then on, the computer grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower. By the 1940s it had grown as large as a room, and people wondered if it would grow any larger. However, this reality also worried     8     (design). As time went by, the computer was made smaller. First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop, the computer     9     (use) in offices and homes since the 1970s.

In the early 1960s a network     10     (connect) by computers was built. So people were able to share their information with others through the World Wide Web.