Jessica Damiano moved into a new home in the spring of 2005. At the time, she was delighted to see a flowering plant growing in the garden.She did not know the name of the beautiful plant. But that did not matter to her. She loved it!
Two years later,Damiano graduated from Cornell University’s master gardener program. She worked as a gardening writer for a local newspaper. That is when she found out the truth. She discovered that her favorite plant was called purple loose strife and that it was considered “invasive (入侵的) ” in her home state of New York. However, she told herself that the plant was not spreading on the property and that it was not out of control.
Then she learned more. Some plants known to be invasive are what Damiano calls “wolves in sheep’s clothing”. This means they may seem harmless and well-contained in the garden but become harmful in other places.
Birds eat the seeds of invasive plants and spread them to other places. Those seeds grow into new plants that outgrow native plants. This is because invasive plants often are not eaten by local wildlife, which would otherwise keep them under control. If not controlled, invasive plants grow larger and push out native plants that provide food and shelter for birds,insects,and small animals. This harms the local environment.
Many state environmental agencies ban the sale and use of plants found to be harmful to human or ecological health. But some invasive plants are not officially considered invasive. Others may be listed as invasive in one area but not another. And some invasive plants continue to be sold in stores.
So, what is a gardener to do? Damiano says to avoid any plants sold as “vigorous”, “ fast-spreading”, “quick-climbing” or a “rapid self-sower”. She warns that these are all sellers’ code words (暗号) for invasive plants. Next, learn about your local area: Which plants are invasive? And which plants are native? Ask government agencies, universities and colleges, and environmental groups. You can also do your own research at libraries or online.
In the end, Damiano replaced that plant with the native and equally beautiful blazing star plant. This plant has been growing happily without problems in her garden for the past 15 years.
1. How did Damiano react when she first learned purple loose strife was“invasive”?A.She felt regretful for loving it. | B.She reported it to the government. |
C.She didn’t take the fact seriously. | D.She got rid of the plant immediately. |
A.They need less water. | B.They have fewer natural enemies. |
C.They adapt to the environment quicker. | D.They have longer roots and bigger leaves. |
A.Policies about invasive plants vary in different areas. |
B.Some invasive plants are not harmful. |
C.Invasive plants are rarely seen in stores. |
D.The government’s attitude to invasive plants is improper. |
A.Give up any plants that sell well in the local area. |
B.Choose plants that can provide food for wild animals. |
C.Refuse to say the code words of sellers for invasive plants. |
D.Refer to books for information on which plants are invasive. |
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【推荐1】At 22, I’d been working as a zookeeper at Perth Zoo for just over a year. I’d been working with crocodiles, but I’d always loved elephants. They were such intelligent animals. So, as soon as the job came up to care for them, I jumped at the opportunity.
The pair, Tricia and Tanya, both aged around 14, were wary (警惕的) of me at first. They even started roaring at me on the first night I locked them up in their enclosure (圈占地), and Tricia tried to pin me against a wall! But I’d spent long enough working with animals to know you should never show any weakness. “I’m not afraid of you two,” I told them in a loud voice. Over the following weeks, they started warming to me, so I introduced some games. I’d get them to run after me around the yard, screaming at the top of their lungs. I’d also hide from them in the blind spot directly behind their ears. Tricia turned out to be a real gentle giant. Soon every time I walked into the enclosure, she’d be sniffing (嗅) me all over, flapping her ears and trying to pull me close with her trunk. We’d formed a close bond.
It was hard saying goodbye when my wife and I moved to Darwin. “I’ll miss you,” I told them, rubbing their trunks. Years passed and I worked with a lot of different animals in wildlife parks. But I never forgot about Tricia and Tanya.
When I turned 72, my family decided to book a breakfast with the elephants at Perth Zoo for a family celebration. “You wouldn’t believe it, but Tricia’s still there,” my brother-in-law told me. “She’ll be celebrating her 60th birthday!” More than four decades had passed since I worked with Tricia. I wondered if she’d remember me. I was excited when we left our home in Bakers Hill, WA, for the special breakfast. My brother-in-law had told them about our history, so Tricia’s keeper, Kirsty, invited me into the enclosure. I got teary when I saw her. “Happy birthday! Do you miss me?” I asked. I was overjoyed when Tricia started flapping her ears and sniffing me all over. It felt like no time had passed.
Then Tricia started urinating (小便). “Now that’s a sure sign she remembers you,” Kirsty said, “When they urinate, they’re greeting you, so it’s pretty special to see that.”
1. What’s the author’s attitude towards the new job opportunity?A.Concerned. | B.Hesitant. | C.Unwilling. | D.Cheerful. |
A.How their close relationship was formed. |
B.How they played the hide-and-seek game. |
C.How the pair tried to run after the author. |
D.How the author locked the pair in the enclosure. |
A.He had special breakfast at Peth Zoo. |
B.Tricia greeted him just like before. |
C.Kristy’s caring for Tricia seemed familiar. |
D.He celebrated his 72nd birthday with the elephants. |
A.To share his lifelong bond with the elephant. |
B.To recall his bitter memories with the elephant. |
C.To remind people to be friendly with the elephant. |
D.To show his successful way of training the elephant. |
【推荐2】About 20, 000 years ago, much of Europe, Asia, North and South America was covered by huge sheets of ice, each many kilometers thick. Since then, the ice has gradually melted and the ice sheets have retreated. Today, the only ice sheets on Earth’s land masses are found in Antarctica and Greenland. Some ice also occurs as glaciers in mountainous regions and as floating ice floes (浮冰块) in the Arctic Ocean and around Antarctica.
At first sight, these remote left-overs from the last Ice Age seem of little importance for most of us today. However, nothing could be further from the truth. Many scientists believe that our planet is warming as a result of the greenhouse gases that we are pumping into the atmosphere. If the planet becomes warmer, the ice sheets will start to melt, causing sea level to rise perhaps several meters by the end of this century. Such a rise would cause widespread flooding of low-lying coastal areas and threaten many large cities.
Observations from space suggest that parts of the major ice sheets are beginning to melt more rapidly. Meanwhile, recent satellite images have also shown that unusually large areas of sea ice have been melting during the Arctic summer. Although sea level will not be affected by the melting of the floating ice, there will be other important environmental changes. For example, ice sheets act like a mirror, reflecting sunlight and cooling Earth. If the ice disappears, Earth is likely to become warmer and major climate changes could occur. Wildlife living in the polar regions may also be destroyed.
1. What does the underlined word “retreated” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A.Cured. | B.Grown. |
C.Reduced. | D.Disappeared. |
A.Optimistic. | B.Unconcerned. |
C.Critical. | D.Worried. |
A.Vast amounts of land will be flooded. |
B.Large cities in the world will disappear. |
C.The sea level will drop to its lowest level. |
D.Global temperatures will see ups and downs. |
A.Ice sheets melt faster than floating ice. |
B.Space research makes for climate changes. |
C.The melting of floating ice isn’t damaging. |
D.Sea ice melting will have disastrous effects. |
【推荐3】Upon entering college, Yang Yi was uncertain about a lot of things. However, the 19-year-old international economics and trade student was certain about one thing: She wanted to participate in animal welfare efforts.
“I’m always a nature and animal lover,” she said. She joined the environmental protection association at her school. Now being president of a group of 25, she leads its efforts to help stray (流浪)cats and dogs by raising money to buy them food and collecting old clothes to make them homes.
However, sometimes the association raises doubts. Some students have questioned whether helping stray animals breaks the laws of nature. “We tried to resolve the controversy,” Yang said. “For wild animals, the best way to protect them is to preserve their environment and their natural habitat, and to let them live their own way. However, for animals that depend heavily on humans, such as dogs and cats, the proper way to treat them is to respect them and take care of them.” Besides, if not accommodated properly, stray animals can bring threats to public health, as they are the main cause of rabies (狂犬病)in cities. “Now, many young people in China have agreed upon the need to strike a balance between humans and nature. The only problem is how,” said Yang. Yang and her fellow volunteers are cautious about what they do to help. For instance, sometimes people feed stray cats human food such as chocolate. But Yang and her friends point that such food can be dangerous to stray cats.
Yang also cooperates with Non-Governmental Organizations to spread animal protection knowledge. One of their recent exhibits was about animals in the entertainment industry. “We are still figuring out the best way to protect animals, but simple deeds such as saying no to animal performances can prevent wildlife from being captured and tamed. Step by step, we’ll eventually reach our goal,” she said.
1. Why did Yang Yi join the environmental protection association?A.She majored in a relevant field. |
B.She wanted to protect nature and animals. |
C.She was uncertain about her life. |
D.She intended to know about animal welfare. |
A.They shelter them with old clothes. |
B.They feed human food to them. |
C.They train them for entertainment. |
D.They donate money to the association. |
A.all animals should live naturally |
B.young people have known how to balance human and nature |
C.stray animals are bound to spread rabies |
D.chocolate is not a proper food for stray cats |
A.Enjoyable. | B.Doubtful. | C.Hopeful. | D.Awful. |
【推荐1】The days of the bedroom fitting room are numbered. Online retail giant (零售巨头) Boohoo has become the latest in a string of retailers to start charging shoppers for returns.
By offering free returns in the first place, companies, such as Boohoo, created entirely new behaviour around shopping. A 2018 study found that 9% of UK consumers buy clothes to post on social media, only to return them straight after. Almost one in five 35-to 44-year-olds admit to doing it, and men, apparently, do it more than women.
However, when clothes are returned, they’re likely to be thrown away rather than resold. This is because processing returns is time-consuming and costly. Buttons need to be rebuttoned, labels need to be reattached, products need refolding and rebagging, and then they must be put back into the system for sale. So it is clearly a cheaper and easier solution for businesses to send the whole lot to landfills (垃圾填埋场). It’s really a great waste of resources, not to mention an insult (冒 犯) to the skilled people who put their time into making each product, but it’s the reality of modern fashion.
When clothes don’t become rubbish, there’s still the impact of the extra shipping to consider, as well as the packaging waste. About 180bn plastic bags are produced every year to store, protect and transport clothes, and less than 15% of them are collected for recycling.
The impact of returns is a fairly well-kept secret, likely to keep people shopping guilt-free (没有负罪感地). But even if it was widely known, it wouldn’t guarantee people would stop treating returns thoughtlessly. After all, other environmental and human impacts of fast fashion are out there for all to see and yet the industry continues to thrive.
Hopefully, charging for returns is expected to change people’s behavior. Without free returns on the table, shoppers may think twice about buying 10 items when they know they’ll only keep five or buying clothes purely for social media content. And with the arrival of return charges, the clothes we already have might also start to look a little more appealing.
1. Why do retailers tend to throw away returned clothes?A.To keep up with the latest fashion. | B.To avoid a huge waste of resources. |
C.To let the skilled people feel honored. | D.To save the trouble of processing returns. |
A.They will feel guilty about shopping. | B.They will continue their shopping behavior. |
C.They will consider their shopping carefully. | D.They will keep their shopping behavior secret. |
A.It puts great pressure on customers. | B.It can influence social media content. |
C.It can do little to help reduce returns. | D.It will turn out to be an effective measure. |
A.It is necessary to charge shoppers for returns. | B.It is difficult to control the number of returns. |
C.Many retailers are struggling to process returns. | D.People have different opinions on the end of free returns. |
【推荐2】Forget about “military-style travel” during which people tend to visit as many places as possible in the least amount of time. A more relaxed and leisurely alternative, such as “Citywalk”, is becoming the norm among urban youngsters.
Unlike military-style travel, Citywalk is about wandering around a city on foot, feeling the atmosphere and finding unusual things that even a resident of the city might not have noticed before. It can be a special event where people start a journey led by tour guides or simply explore the streets.
Such walks generally avoid famous scenic spots and shopping centers, and take you to places where you can have real interactions with the local people, eat at small but authentic restaurants, and gain a deeper understanding of the history and culture of the city.
Citywalkers have shared their carefully planned routes on social media platforms. Their posts usually include how long the walk is going to take, and interesting places and restaurants along the way. Some posts are more like a food tour.
Nan Xi, who recently moved from Beijing to Shanghai, said “I think Shanghai is a city perfect for Citywalk. There are big trees along the streets and shops selling different products, which is ideal for couples and friends to walk together and take photos.” After several Citywalk experiences, she signed up for a two-and-a-half-hour Citywalk priced at 88 yuan per person. A tour guide narrated the history of the buildings and streets along the way. “If it were me walking alone, I would simply find the streets artistic, but the tour that day helped me gain a better understanding of how Western culture blends in with the local culture in Shanghai,” she said. Another surprising benefit of the walk was that she has made friends with two of her fellow walkers.
Lin Yi, a manager for an online platform for self-guided tours, said Citywalk can help travelers learn about local culture and live as local people do, feeling the vibes of a city. People who participate in Citywalks usually have similar tastes, and can have in-depth discussions with each other, he said.
1. What is the main difference between military-style travel and Citywalk?A.The transport. | B.The cost. |
C.The purpose. | D.The destination. |
A.It is a perfect place to run shops. |
B.There are great things to do at weekends. |
C.Ideal couples and friends often gather there. |
D.It provides great experiences in many ways. |
A.She thought it well worth a try. |
B.She went on the tour without company. |
C.She wouldn’t have found the artistic streets by herself. |
D.She knew how Western culture differed from the local culture in Shanghai. |
A.Citywalk is a new trend in urban tourism. |
B.Citywalk can help travelers make new friends. |
C.Military-style travel is becoming more popular. |
D.Travelers choose Citywalk over military style to follow suit. |
【推荐3】While the start of a new school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some primary school students in Auckland, New Zealand. They became the world’s first kids to be “taught” by a digital(数码的) teacher, Siri. Before you start imagining a human-like robot walking around the classroom, Siri is just an avatar(化身) that turns up on the students’ desktop, tablet, or smart phone screen when called.
Thanks to a web cam(网络摄像头) and microphone, the avatar not only answer the questions the kids may have, but also picks up non-verbal signals(无声信号). For example, if a student smiles at Siri, he will smile back. This two-way interaction not only helps draw the students’ attention, but also allows the program’s developers to monitor their engagement(参与) and make changes if needed.
Vector’s Chief Digital Officer, Nikhil Ravishankar believes that Siri-like avatars could be a new way to attract the attention of the next generation. He says, “Using a digital human is a very popular method to send new information to people, and I have a lot of hope in this technology as a way to offer rich and educational experience in the futures.” Greg Cross, the Chief Business Officer for Soul Machines, states that kids who have grown up in this digital time adapt(适应) to new technology quickly, and he hopes to develop the idea of digital humans in the area of education further.
The program, in place since August 2018, has been a great success so far. However, no matter how popular it becomes, Siri is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon. For one, the avatar’s knowledge base is severely limited. But more importantly, even the smartest digital avatars could never predict(预测) and react to all the unexpected situations that educators have to deal with on a daily basis. However, it could come in handy as a “personal teacher”, providing kids with one-on-one help on certain subjects or even topics.
1. What is mentioned about Will in the first paragraph?A.He is a human-like robot teacher. | B.He is the first robot teacher in the world. |
C.He is a digital teacher teaching in the school. | D.He will walk across the classroom to you when called. |
A.By taking part in discussion. | B.By changing teaching methods. |
C.By communicating with students. | D.By monitoring students’ behavior. |
A.It can smile back. | B.It can use microphone. |
C.It can change if necessary. | D.It can talk any topic for free. |
A.It has entered many homes as kids’ private teacher. |
B.It will teach in class in place of human educators. |
C.It’s good at dealing with unexpected situations. |
D.It remains to be improved. |