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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:60 题号:18870217

Many of us were told from an early age that, “you learn from your mistakes”. But is this actually true?

The short answer is “yes” — failure can be a teachable moment. But learning from our mistakes is, in reality, very hard because we don’t like to fail. It doesn’t feel good, so we react to failure in impulsive and emotional ways, like giving up on a task prematurely, telling ourselves we don’t care whether we succeed, or finding fault with the task itself. This is self-protective, according to Hallgeir, a professor of psychology at the Norwegian School of Economics. “Most of us want to think of ourselves as competent”, he says, so when we fail “it poses a serious threat to our self-image”.

Fortunately, there is research to suggest that there are some strategies to help us overcome the emotional barriers around failure. One of them is to adopt a third-person perspective. Instead of asking “Why did I fail?”, we could ask “Why did Sam fail?”, for example. Multiple studies by psychologist Ethan Kross at the University of Michigan show that adopting a third-person perspective helps to soften our negative emotional reactions, allowing us to look at failure more objectively.

A second strategy involves offering advice to others who may be in the same position as us. This strategy led to better levels of motivation and academic success in the test groups — involving both adults and children — that were asked to give advice based on their own failures. Professors Eskreis-Winkler and Duckworth found that the satisfaction of helping others “forces people to engage with their experience and what they have learned”.

The writer Samuel Beckett once said: “fail again, fail better”. But it now seems that we should be saying: “fail again, fail smarter”. Failure is an unavoidable part of life, but by learning to overcome the emotional barriers around it, we may find the road to success is a little easier to navigate (确定方向).

1. What does the underlined word “impulsive” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A.Uncontrollable.B.Optimistic.C.Impressive.D.Ambitious.
2. Why don’t we like to fail?
A.Failure can be teachable.
B.Failure threatens our self-image.
C.Failure is an unavoidable part of life.
D.Learning from our failures is very hard.
3. Which of the following will the writer agree with?
A.Failure can be avoided if we learn from it.
B.Giving advice to others can help us fail better.
C.Only those who succeed can give advice to others.
D.A third-person perspective helps us out of the bad feelings of failure.
4. What does the text focus on?
A.Smarter ways to learn from failure.
B.How to fail better when we fail again.
C.Failure can let us succeed more easily.
D.Why we react to failure in emotional ways.

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【推荐1】To be a great reader,it is not enough that you read. It’s also how you read. The following strategies guarantee that you’ll not only be a better reader but a better person too.

Stop reading books you aren’t enjoying. If you find yourself wanting to speed up the reading process on a particular book, you might want to ask yourself, “Is this book any good?”    1    My rule is 100 pages minus your age — so if you’re 30years old and a book hasn’t attracted you by page 70, stop reading it.

    2    You were young when you read The Great Gatsby for the first time. You were just a kid when someone told you the story of Odysseus. You’ve already read them or learned about them, so you’re done, right?    3    It’s why we have to read and reread. Because the world is constantly changing and we are constantly changing, therefore what we get out of books can also change.

Ask people you admire for book recommendations. If we encounter a man of rare intellect, we should ask him what books he reads.     4    Every time I met a successful or important person I admired, I would ask them, “What’s a book that changed your life?”And then I would read that book. If a book changed someone’s life — whatever the topic or style — it’s probably worth the investment. If it changed them, then it will likely at least help you,

    5    The path to wisdom is not a straight one. The journey is long with ups and downs, highs and lows. Maybe you’re in the middle of a low right now. This can be a scary place to be, because it can feel like you’ll be stuck there forever. A reading slump always pops up for me, for instance,during a book launch when it’s nearly impossible for me to concentrate enough to read. But I’ve found I’m able to get out of it by rereading something that has really spoken to me in the past.

A.Get out of depression.
B.Reread the masters.
C.Provide some interesting books.
D.Life is too short to read books you don’t enjoy reading.
E.We surely forget the content of the classics.
F.When I was a teenager, I got in the habit of doing this.
G.We can’t be content to simply pick up a book once and judge it by that experience.
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【推荐2】Huangshi will have new rules about behaviour standards for middle school students very soon. Middle schools are going to use a new way to decide who the top students(优等生) are. The best students won’t only have high marks. The new rules will be used first in No.2 Middle School of Huangshi in September 2012. The following are some of the new rules.   

Tell the truth       Have you ever cheated in an exam, for example, copying answers from a book or looking at other students’ answers? Don’t do it again! That’s not something honest students should do.        

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Be open to new ideas     Have you ever thought people may live on the moon or travel in space? Having new ideas means possible inventions and discoveries.   

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Greet everyone with a smile. Try smiling at your coworkers and greeting them each day when you get to work. Even if you’re a little nervous, it only takes a few seconds, and it can make you seem more friendly and approachable.     2     , smile, and add a personalized hello to break the ice with your coworkers.

Use general conversation starters. Talk about the weather or something you notice in the room. This gives the conversation a nice starting point with whoever you're talking with.

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