Dunhuang, an oasis of culture surrounded by the vast sands of the Gobi Desert, served as a shelter for ancient weary Silk Road travelers 1,000 years ago. Carved into the cliffs high above the Dachuan River, the Mogao Grottoes in Gansu Province consist of the largest, richest and longest-used treasure house of traditional art in the world, inspiring young artists to this very day.
Inside the grottoes, murals (壁画) painted with minerals have stood the test of time, still shining bright and brilliant. To carry forward this painting technique, Lian Yang, an artist in her 30s, decided to make the traditional art increasingly known among younger generations. She once worked only on ink and digital painting, but soon felt creatively stuck. Then she learned about mineral color painting and made it the focus of her career.
The traditional Chinese painting technique was commonly used before the Tang Dynasty. However, the skill gradually faded from the central Chinese artistic landscape after the Song Dynasty when literati (文人) ink painting grew.
“I want to pour more of my own ideas into creations and find an artistic expression that cannot be easily replaced with modern technologies, although the costs of handmade art are higher and it requires more time than digital creation,” Lian Yang said.
As a modern artist, Lian Yang does not limit herself by strictly following tradition. She has cooperated with the operator of mobile game King of Glory, creating works in Dunhuang fresco style. She also frequently posts short videos covering the creative process of mineral color artworks across different Chinese social media, attracting many young people.
Riding the China Chic tide, a term referring to the rise of China’s native fashion trends, traditional art needs commercialization to further develop. Lian Yang hopes mineral art can be integrated into movies, online games and even the metaverse, an integrated network of 3D virtual worlds.
1. What can we learn about the Mogao Grottoes?A.They’re carved under the Dachuan River. |
B.They serve as a shelter for travelers. |
C.They give young artists ideas for creation. |
D.They’re viewed as the treasure house of modern art. |
A.To spread culture. | B.To make a breakthrough. |
C.To attract the media. | D.To conduct research. |
A.Grateful. | B.Honest. | C.Innocent. | D.Determined. |
A.Promoting traditional art. | B.Travelling in Dunhuang. |
C.Teaching color painting. | D.Making short videos. |
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【推荐1】On the evening of April 8, Dunhuang Academy and Huawei jointly launched a brand-new technology-driven tour experience at the Mogao Grottoes (莫高窟). Using Huawei’s newly-released Hetu AI platform, coupled with the output of the Digital Dunhuang project, visitors to the Mogao Grottoes can enjoy a fantasy experience prior to entering the attraction.
Zhao Shengliang, director of the Dunhuang Academy, said that it has been cooperating with Huawei since March 2019. Using Huawei’s latest Hetu technology, visitors are able to see the detailed contents of the Dunhuang Art Murals (壁画) outside the caves, through their Huawei mobile phones. This will reduce the time tourists spend inside the cave, aiding the protection of the cultural relics, while at the same time helping to increase the amount of information visitors can obtain. It is also considered to be a new way of promoting Dunhuang Art.
The Dunhuang Academy has used digital technology to preserve the research and exploration of Dunhuang Grottoes since the early 1990s. It has collected a wealth of data and has realized the goal of sharing of digital Dunhuang globally. It has played an important role in the protection and research of cultural site, as well as promoting the development and progress of related work.
The Huawei Hetu platform unites Dunhuang’s study findings, high-resolution images of the site’s murals and virtual, three-dimensional models with the real Mogao Grottoes. It has not only re-created the real tour of the scenic spot, but also developed a new way of digitally experiencing the grottoes. When people visit the site, they not only have the experience of seeing the real grottoes, but they can appreciate the admirable artworks more clearly and in greater detail.
In the future, Dunhuang Academy will continue to cooperate with Huawei to create more colorful virtual content to enrich the experience of Mogao Art on the platform, helping people around the world get to know Dunhuang Art better.
1. Which is NOT the advantage of the Hetu technology?A.Help to protect the cultural relics. | B.Provide more information for tourists. |
C.Increase the popularity of Dunhuang Art. | D.Decrease the cost of the visitors. |
A.About a year. | B.More than 30 years. | C.90 years. | D.10 years. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Opposed. | C.Indifferent. | D.Promising |
A.Dunhuang Academy Preserves Grottoes Well |
B.Dunhuang Grottoes Attract Tourists |
C.AI Tech Helps Tourists Enjoy Dunhuang’s Art |
D.Huawei Newly Released Hetu AI |
【推荐2】If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and her team, the world cultural heritage at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in a remote Chinese desert might have long been destroyed by sand, weather or humans.
Born and raised in Shanghai, Fan has spent half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the ancient Buddhist wall painting at Dunhuang, in Northwest China’s Gansu Province. The 1,651-year-old Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a huge collection of Buddhist art—more than 2,000 buddha figures and 45,000 square meters of paintings spread among 735 caves. It is China’s first UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang after graduation from Peking University in 1963. While in Dunhuang, a remote village in the desert then, Fan lived in an abandoned temple. At first, she did not even dare to go out to the toilet at night. To protect the treasures from sand and dampness, Fan and other workers put doors on the caves, planted trees and started monitoring temperature and humidity in the caves. They also controlled the number of visitors.
In the late 1990s, with tourism booming nationwide since national holidays were extended, the local government planned to go public with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, but found Fan firmly in their way. “The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed,” she said.
Dunhuang Academy has now photographed and cataloged online all the sculptures and paintings. “Despite our efforts to minimize damage, we can’t completely stop them from being eroded. But the digital database will last.”
Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation. Her two sons grew up in Shanghai with their aunt. “I have not been a good mother or wife. With regard to my family, I’m full of guilt,” she said. Fan, 79, retired two years ago as the director of Dunhuang Academy but continues her efforts as a national political adviser.
1. Which of the following measures didn’t Fan Jinshi take to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes?A.Opening Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes to the public extensively. |
B.Planting trees and stopping the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes being eroded. |
C.Picturing and classifying all the sculptures and paintings online. |
D.Putting doors on the caves and monitoring temperature and humidity. |
A.In 1963. | B.In 1967. |
C.In 1986. | D.In the late 1990s. |
A.Go to a place. | B.Be in favor of something. |
C.Reject something. | D.Give in to something. |
A.the history of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. |
B.the attractions of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. |
C.Fan’s devotion to preserving Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. |
D.the appeal for the protection of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. |
A.Considerate and easy-going. | B.kind and intelligent. |
C.Humorous and sweet-tempered. | D.Devoted and persistent. |
Good morning... I hope you all are doing well in your studies and if there is a problem related to your studies, please feel free to come to my office. Today, I and all the teachers decided to gather all the children for the speech on World Heritage Day. Since the day is around the corner, I wanted to give knowledge to my children on this subject. As a Principal of this school, I try not only to make my children perform well in studies, but also to enlighten them on subjects which are very much concerned about mankind.
World Heritage has been described as the common wealth of mankind. This day is a great reminder of our rich cultural past and it is our responsibility that we protect our heritage not only for ourselves but for future generations. Undoubtedly, heritage sites should be preserved and protected. They are invaluable wealth for mankind. The date of the holding of World Heritage Day is April 18 and it was first started in the year 1982.
I am speaking from my personal experience and I am sure every one of you must have noticed at some point. Regarding the fact that many people have developed irresponsible (negligent) attitude towards our national heritage. This is the reason that heritage buildings are often found damaged. However, it is due to the continuous repair work of such sites by the government that our nation is still able to keep its beauty, if not in its entirety, but at least to an extent it attracts millions of tourists a year.
World Heritage Day is actually a day for every concerned citizen of a country to feel proud of the great cultural property of its nation. At last, I want to say in many ways, we can contribute towards the maintenance (维持) of world heritage sites so that their beauty does not minimize and they remain the center of attraction for people all over the world.
Please consider what you can do to maintain the beauty of the world heritage. Let’s do our best!
1. Why does the speaker make this speech?2. What does the World Heritage Day remind us according to the speaker?
3. What can you do to contribute towards the maintenance of world heritage sites?
【推荐1】Life as an astronaut has various unique attractions. This can include experiencing weightlessness and looking back at Earth as a pale blue dot. Food is not among them. Space travelers over the years have become used to certain foods such as freeze-dried ice cream and liquid salt and pepper. Now, the menu is set to be augmented, with the first space-grown lettuce (生菜) found to be as safe, nutritious and fresh as the Earth-grown variety.
Gioia Massa of NASA Kennedy Space Center is the lead scientist on the lettuce-growing project. She said that growing food in space could be wonderful for astronauts on missions lasting more than one month. “If you store packaged food for a long time, not only will the flavour and nutritional quality decrease, but the vitamins will degrade. After eating such food, astronauts’ intake of nutrition is not ensured,” she said. “Besides, for them, there may also be psychological benefits of growing and looking after plants.
Lettuce has been grown in batches (分批) onboard the International Space Station (ISS). The vegetable production system is known as Veggie. It is composed of plant pillows (sealed units containing ceramic soil), LED lighting and a watering system that allows astronauts to inject water through a tube. The lettuce crops grow undisturbed for 33 to 56 days before being harvested and eaten, or deep-frozen and returned to Earth for chemical and biological analysis.
The space-grown lettuces are similar in make-up to Earth-grown ones but they have higher levels of bacteria (细菌), possibly due to their growth in a warmer, more humid (潮湿的) and closed-air system. But they are not found to carry any harmful bacteria.
NASA is now enlarging the range of produce grown onboard the ISS. It will be quite some time before any vegetables can be transformed into a dish, however. “While we have nowhere to cook up there now, we can look forward to more things that taste fresh,” Massa explained.
1. What does the underlined word “augmented” probably mean in Paragraph 1?A.Enlarged. |
B.Engaged. |
C.Reduced. |
D.Measured. |
A.It’s flavor and nutritional quality decline. |
B.It is terrible for astronauts on missions. |
C.It can contribute to astronauts’ mental health. |
D.It will make sure the astronauts’ intake of nutrition. |
A.Lettuces will be grown in batches onboard. |
B.The vegetable production system consists of three parts. |
C.It will take at least 56 days to harvest the space-grown lettuce crop. |
D.Thanks to growing environment, the space-grown lettuces don’t contain any harmful bacteria. |
A.The difficulty in growing produce onboard. |
B.The necessity to enlarge the space onboard. |
C.The desire to enjoy cooked vegetables onboard. |
D.The expectation to enrich the variety of produce grown onboard. |
【推荐2】After a day’s labor, Andreas Fichtner and his colleagues have spliced (绞接) together three segments of fibers, creating a 12.5-kilometer-long fiber-optic (光学的) cable. It will stay buried in the snow to spy on the activity of Grfmsvotn, a dangerous, glacier-covered volcano.
Fichtner, a geophysicist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, in Zurich, is one of the researchers using fiber optics to take the pulse of our planet. Much of their work is done in remote places, from the tops of volcanoes to the bottoms of seas, where traditional monitoring is too costly or difficult.
The technique used by Fichtner’s team is called distributed acoustic sensing, or DAS. “It’s almost like radar in the fiber,” says the physicist Giuseppe Marra of the United Kingdom’s National Physical Laboratory, in Teddington. While radar uses reflected radio waves to locate objects, DAS uses reflected light to detect events as varied as earthquake activity and moving traffic, and to determine where they occurred. Inside the cables are optical fibers. DAS involves shooting quick pulses of laser light down the fiber and detecting bits of light that scatter back to the laser source due to disturbances in the environment. When the earth’s surface vibrates and shifts, it pulls the cables, so a detector can identify these small changes.
The New York Times points out that although wireless and satellite technology are booming, good old-fashioned cables are still the most efficient way to send information across oceans. Repurposing cables could give scientists the ability to monitor high-risk zones that were previously hard to reach. They could help detect earthquakes and tsunamis a few seconds earlier than traditional warning systems.
In addition, fiber-optic cables could also help solve some of the biggest challenges for humans. In the recent years, scientists have started to use them to measure ocean waves and access fault (断层) information. It is believed that fiber-optic cables will serve to benefit us greatly in the future.
1. What is the purpose of the work of Fichtner’s team?A.To track volcanic activities. | B.To strike oil under the sea. |
C.To lengthen fiber-optic cables. | D.To keep fibers covered in the snow. |
A.It determines when and where disasters occurs. |
B.It uses radio waves to locate moving objects. |
C.It improves the efficiency of transmitting light. |
D.It detects tiny variation of the earth’s surface. |
A.Recycling cables in new fields. | B.Adapting cables for a new function. |
C.Installing cables beneath volcanoes. | D.Promoting cables into massive production. |
A.DAS Is Feeling the Heartbeat of Volcanoes |
B.Satellite Technology Is Booming in Our Times |
C.Underground Cables Are Taking the Planet’s Pulse |
D.Fiber-optic Cables Are Giving Us Insights into Earthquakes |
【推荐3】Scientists are attempting to extract (提取) cells from a 40,000-year-old horse in hopes of using the sample to clone the extinct species back into existence. The male baby horse was discovered in 2018 in permafrost (永冻土) in northeastern Siberia of Russia.
A team of scientists from South Korea and Russia believes the young horse, called the Lenskaya or Lena horse, was about 20 days old when it died. The species of horse, now extinct, is between 30,000 and 40,000 years old. Thanks to the terrible coldness, the animal’s tissue was preserved enough for the scientists to obtain samples.
Semyon Grigoriev, head of the lab at the Mammoth (猛犸象) Museum of the North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk, said the horse was “well-preserved and a “great find”. There is no damage to the horse’s body and even its hair is undamaged. The unfortunate animal, according to Grigoriev, “could have drowned after falling into some kind of a natural trap.”
Hwang Woo-Suk, a researcher from South Korea working on the project, said, “If researchers find a cell, they will do their best to clone the animal. If we get live cells from this ancient baby horse, it would be wonderful in terms of cloning.”
After that, they will make a cloned embryo and let a female horse carry it as its mother. Hwang said modern-day horses are “very similar to the ancient one,” so there would be no problem getting help from a modern-day female horse.
The scientists are hoping the experiment on the baby horse will give them experience in progressing toward their ambitious goal - bringing back the extinct woolly mammoth.
“If we manage to clone the horse - it will be the first step to cloning the mammoth,” Hwang said.
1. Why was the Lenskaya horse kept in good condition?A.It died quite young. |
B.It was buried under the ground. |
C.A local museum had preserved it. |
D.The temperatures were extremely low. |
A.It was a female horse. |
B.Its hair was partly destroyed. |
C.It might have died by accident. |
D.Its tissue can hardly be found. |
A.Get live cells from the baby horse. |
B.Make an embryo in a female horse. |
C.Find an ideal modern-day female horse. |
D.Know more about extinct ancient horses. |
A.A new horse species found in Siberia |
B.Scientists attempt to clone extinct horse |
C.How to preserve ancient animals’ tissue |
D.How to extract cells from extinct species |
【推荐1】The history of microbiology begins with a Dutch cloth maker named Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, a man of no formal scientific education. In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses he used to examine cloth, built some of the first microscopes. He developed a technique to improve the quality of tiny, rounded lenses, some of which could magnify an object up to 270 times. After removing some plaque from between his teeth and examining it under a lens, Leeuwenhoek found tiny twisting creatures, which he called “animalcules”.
His observations, which he reported to the Royal Society of London, are among the first descriptions of microbes, Leeuwenhoek discovered an entire universe invisible to the human eye. He found different microbes in samples of pond water, rain water, and human blood. He gave the first description of red blood cells, observed plant tissue, examined muscle, and investigated the life cycle of insects.
Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek's discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. This concept suggested that disease originates from tiny organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteur’s theory later helped doctors to fight infectious diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and typhoid. All these breakthroughs were the result of Leeuwenhoek's original work. Leeuwenhoek did not foresee this legacy.
In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science this way: “My work, which I’ve done for a long time, was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but chiefly from a strong desire for knowledge, which I notice resides in me more than in most other men. And therefore, whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have thought it my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that the scientific community might be informed thereof.”
1. Which of the following best describes Leeuwenhoek?A.A trained researcher with an interest in microbiology. |
B.A curious amateur who made pioneer studies of microbes. |
C.A talented scientist interested in finding a cure for disease. |
D.A bored cloth maker who accidentally made a major discovery. |
a. Magnifying lenses were built.
b. The “theory of disease” was put forward.
c. Microbes were discovered in samples of waters.
d. Leeuwenhoek's first microscopes were successfully developed.
e. Leeuwenhoek explained his thoughts upon his own contribution.
A.a-d-c-e-b. | B.d-a-c-e-b. | C.a-d-c-b-e. | D.d-a-e-b-c. |
Winton,now 105,was presented with the Order of the White Lion by the Czech president in a special ceremony at Prague Castle.
Winton,who has often been nicknamed “the British Schindler”,organised the transportation and settlement of 669 children over nine months before the Second World War broke out in September 1939.Most of those he saved were Jewish children living in then-German occupied Czechoslovakia whose families were later imprisoned or murdered in concentration camps.
Winton gave a speech during the ceremony.He said,“I want to thank you all for this enormous expression of thanks for something which happened to me a long time ago.I am delighted that so many of the children are still about and are here to thank me.England was the only country at that time willing to accept unaccompanied
In the same ceremony,the Order of the White Lion was also presented to his grandson Nicholas Soames in honor of Sir Winston Churchill.They are the only British citizens to receive the award,after Margaret Thatcher and the Queen.Presenting the award,the Czech President,Milos Zeman said.“It is a great pleasure to present this award to two great personalities of the UK.I am only ashamed it has been awarded so late—but better late than never.”
1. Why has Winton been called“ the British Schindler”?
A.Because he rescued 669 children before the Second World War. |
B.Because he joined the army in the Second World War. |
C.Because he made great contributions after the Second World War. |
D.Because he saved 669 Jewish children before the Second World War. |
A.all the children once he saved attended the ceremony |
B.the Czechs also played an important role in helping the children |
C.England was the only country to fight the Germans at that time |
D.England was the only country to help the Czechs |
A.Englishmen | B.Germans |
C.children | D.Winton’s family members |
A.Winton was awarded |
B.Winton saved 669 children |
C.what the Order of the White Lion is |
D.Winton felt thankful at the ceremony |
【推荐3】Huang Qinqin, a 29-year-old Chinese shoe designer, found her “personal legend” through her academic journey in China and the UK. She recently won the Culture and Creativity Award of Study UK Alumni Awards 2023-2024 for her contributions to arts and culture.
Huang’s education in both countries shaped her into what she is today. She started her own shoe brand, “ouvrir la boîte”, which means “to open the box” in French. Her designs have been featured in high-end stores and international fashion shows. Huang believes that the value of her products lies in the unique design philosophy itself.
Huang’s journey into design was unforeseen. She initially studied engineering but switched to international communications studies in college. It was during writing an essay on social sciences that she discovered her passion for shoe design. She went on to study design at Central Saint Martins and London College of Fashion in the UK. To her astonishment, Huang discovered she was the only Chinese participant in the shoe design class. “While international luxury shoe brands like Jimmy Choo and Christian Louboutin are household names, Chinese brands are rarely seen in this field,” said Huang.
This finding fueled Huang’s determination to pursue her career as a shoe designer, hoping to fill the blank in the international market. She established her own brand and has been exploring her design concept of “the art of practical wear”. Her designs incorporate Chinese cultural heritage, such as materials from historical artifacts like jade (玉).
Looking back, Huang said that it took her a long time to find her lifelong passion. However, she believes that it is never too late to unlock one’s potential. Her diverse experiences, including garden design and dance, have become precious treasures in her life and have helped her develop self-directed learning abilities, which are essential skills for her startup business today.
1. Why did Huang Qinqin decide to pursue her career as a shoe designer?A.To compete with other established shoe brands. |
B.To achieve the unfulfilled wishes of her parents. |
C.To fill the luxury shoe market gap with Chinese brands. |
D.To make as many shoes as possible for Chinese people. |
A.Her diverse experiences in her life. | B.Her passion for writing essays. |
C.Her strong desire to study abroad. | D.Her parents’ financial support. |
A.Modest and confident. | B.Grateful and responsible. |
C.Considerate and generous. | D.Determined and Innovative. |
A.A diary. | B.A news report. | C.A survey. | D.A fiction. |