Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all!
In fact, nonverbal communication takes up about fifty percent of what we usually mean. And body language is especially important when we try to communicate across cultures.
Indeed, what is called body language is so much a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings happen as a result of it. For example, different cultures treat the distance between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact, even with friends, and certainly not with strangers. People from Latin American countries, on the other hand, touch each other quite a lot. So it’s possible that in conversation it may look like a Latino is following a Norwegian(挪威人)all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving closer. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as rude behaviour, will keep backing away, which the Latino will in return regard as coldness.
Obviously, a great deal is going on when people talk. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from different cultures, there’s a strong possibility of misunderstanding. But whatever the situation, the best advice is to obey the golden rule: Treat others as they would like to be treated.
1. You may find the passage in ________.| A．a science magazine | B．a guide book |
| C．a sports newspaper | D．a storybook |
| A．The Norwegian keeps moving closer. |
| B．The Latino’s being indifferent to the Norwegian. |
| C．The Norwegian keeps backing away. |
| D．The Latino’s way of expressing friendship. |
| A．languages | B．friends |
| C．cultures | D．countries |
| A．shake hands with him | B．give him a hug |
| C．refuse him | D．kiss him |
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【推荐1】Ingrid Chen of Northern Ireland was 28 when she landed in Kunming, capital of Yunnan Province, to learn Chinese sign languages. Now 52, she found a family, a career and a purpose during her years in China.
She first worked in a program that teaches sign languages, crafts and sewing skills to people over 16 from the rural areas with no educational opportunities. In 2002, Chen and some partners from the NGO established their own company, Hearts & Hands, to help local disabled people who struggle to find an education and a job. The company sells products made in the traditional style of Yunnan ethnic cultures. These products are created by the deaf.
In 2016, they began selling products to people in different European countries and to the Middle East. However, they have trouble shipping products. Products can’t reach their destination quickly and sometimes get lost, which are really frustrating. They also opened a WeChat store. On the first day, they had over 7, 000 views of the products. Thanks to the WeChat store, their products are now going out to all parts of China.
She’s never taken a salary for her work, so her family’s daily expenses are covered by her husband, who is a woodworker. But Chen has never regretted starting her company.
1. How many years has Ingrid Chen been in China?| A．28. | B．52. | C．24. | D．26. |
| A．go sightseeing | B．learn Chinese sign language |
| C．learn sewing skills | D．establish a company |
| A．The blind. | B．The disabled. | C．The deaf. | D．The local people. |
| A．upset. | B．wonderful. | C．hopeful. | D．useless. |
| A．Ingrid Chen earned money in China. | B．Ingrid Chen raises her family in China. |
| C．Ingrid Chen teaches English in China. | D．Ingrid Chen helps disabled people in China. |
【推荐2】“I love China,” declared Boris Johnson, then mayor of London, in 2013, encouraging British children, his own included, to study Chinese. Seven years on, the popularity of studying Chinese seems to be fading in England.
Well-to-do parents saw Chinese as a good investment in their children’s future. In 2015 Hatching Dragons, Britain’s first bilingual English-Chinese nursery, opened its doors to 32 little learners; it has since taught over 500 children, for around £1,881 a month per child.
But Cennydd John, the nursery’s chief executive, feels sorry that there is “almost no option” for children to continue their bilingual education once they leave at the age of five. Fewer than 3% of primary schools in England offer Chinese.
Many independent schools followed the fashion: 24% of them offer Chinese, compared with 4.4% in state schools. But finding a school that offers Chinese is no longer the priority it was for parents three years ago, says Ralph Lucas, editor in chief of The Good Schools Guide. Part of the reason is that “the perception of China as a place where you would want your child to make a career has taken a severe knock”. Learning Chinese to a useful level is difficult.
That shift shows up in exam figures. In 2015, 3,099 students took a Chinese A-level. In 2019 those figures had dropped to 2,272 for A-level, according to the Joint Council for Qualifications.
Advocates of learning Chinese say that a more complex situation is exactly why children should be practicing their tones. But those who have invested the hours (and the cash) don’t always reap the rewards. “The only real advantage of me speaking Chinese was having a much better understanding of how difficult it was for my Chinese colleagues to operate in English,” says Alex Wilson, who worked in public relations in Beijing and Shanghai.
1. Why does the author mention Boris Johnson in the first paragraph?| A．To show Boris Johnson’s love for Chinese. |
| B．To show the popularity of studying Chinese in England. |
| C．To introduce the topic and attract readers’ attention. |
| D．To introduce the bilingual English-Chinese nursery in England. |
| A．There are not enough primary schools in England offering Chinese lessons. |
| B．Learning Chinese to a useful level is not easy for the learners in England. |
| C．The number of the students taking Chinese A-level exams dropped sharply. |
| D．The idea of letting children start a career in China become less popular. |
| A．Learning English or Chinese? | B．Is learning Chinese out of fashion? |
| C．Why is learning Chinese difficult? | D．Is learning Chinese worthwhile? |
【推荐3】As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations－UNESCO and National Geographic among them－have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.
Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Center, Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introductionto the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, looking and raising a family in a village in Nepal.
Documenting the Tangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayans reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.
At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials－ including photographs, films, tap recordings, and field notes — which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.
Now, through the two organizations that he has founded — the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project — Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, found in libraries and stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.
1. Many scholars are making efforts to .| A．promote global languages |
| B．rescue the disappearing languages |
| C．search for language communities |
| D．set up languages research organizations |
| A．Linking with the native speakers |
| B．Telling stories about language users |
| C．Writing books on language searching |
| D．Having first records of the languages |
| A．Write, sell and donate. | B．Record, repeat and reward. |
| C．Design, experiment and report. | D．Collect, protect and reconnect. |
【推荐1】Can the way you stand or sit affect your success?
This is often discussed in business—“the importance of body language”, noted U.S. news website Business Insider. “It actually has an impact on not just the way others look at us, but also how we actually perform.”
That’s perhaps why Harvard Business School professor Amy Cuddy shot to instant fame after giving a TED talk on the subject in 2012. According to The New York Times, Cuddy’ s speech is among the most viewed TED talks of all time.
Cuddy and her team study body language, particularly what they call “high- power” and “low-power” poses. Their research showed that standing or sitting in a certain way, even for just two minutes, changes one’s body chemistry and self-perception.
“I wanted to equip people with tools that would help them feel stronger, less fearful, and better able to bring their full, spirited selves to stressful situations like speaking in class,” Cuddy told CNN.
“High-power” refers to the act of taking a posture of confidence, even when you don’t feel very confident. Typical high-power poses are about opening up. You stretch and expand your body to take up as much space as possible. For example, bosses are doing high-power poses when they lean back in their chairs, put their hands behind their heads, and kick their feet up onto their desks. Meanwhile, people take low-power positions when they’re feeling helpless or defeated. They close up, wrapping their arms around themselves and tucking their limbs in.
“This isn’t about what your body language is communicating to others; it’s about what your body language is communicating to you. Your body language is changing your mind, which changes your behavior, which changes your outcomes,” said Cuddy.
The best-known high-power pose is nicknamed the “Wonder Woman” pose. You just stand tall with your chest out and your hands on your hips. Why not give it a shot, and see whether you feel more confident than before?
1. According to the article, Professor Amy Cuddy wanted her study on body language to ______.| A．make people fitter and stronger |
| B．help people to become more confident |
| C．teach people how to make a better speech |
| D．help distinguish between people of different social classes |
| A．Folding your arms when talking with others. |
| B．Looking down while in the presence of others. |
| C．Sitting with your arm spread out around the chair next to you. |
| D．Resting your chin on your hands as if wondering about something. |
| A．give practical tips on how to communicate with others |
| B．explain what has made Amy Cuddy’s TED talk so popular |
| C．explain why Amy Cuddy considers body language important |
| D．help the reader to tell the different emotions from different poses |
| A．Posturing for Success | B．High Power and Low Power |
| C．Cuddy’s Researches on Behavior | D．The “Wonder woman” Speech |
【推荐2】What is body language? Body language is a term used to describe the method of communication using body movements or gestures instead of spoken language or other communication. Body language also includes many movements that most people pay no attention to, such as winking (眨眼) and slight movements of the eyebrows and other facial expressions.
Perhaps body language is one of the most powerful forms of human expression, which makes up 50% or more of what we are communicating to other persons. If you wish to communicate effectively, besides the words, you can use your body to say what you mean.
Also, body language is one of the easiest ways for you to tell what’s really going on in a conversation with another person. The body language that you observe from other people will tell you whether or not those people are telling you the truth, or whether there is something more that’s not being said. Watch, look and observe. Sometimes you can tell more by a person’s body language than his words.
Besides, body language can be used for all sorts of things, such as showing confidence and winning respect in any situation. You can use body language to make people less nervous and make friends quickly persuaded and influenced.
1. What’s the man idea of Paragraph 1?| A．The definition of body language. | B．The importance of body language. |
| C．The occasions to use body language. | D．The ways to understand body language. |
| A．To show confidence. | B．To communicate easily. |
| C．To draw more attention. | D．To understand properly. |
| A．Sports and Education. | B．Diet and Health. |
| C．Language and Culture. | D．Science and Technology. |
【推荐3】You may be able to answer all of the questions the interviewer throws at you, and show a wealth of knowledge about the company in question. However, actions often speak louder than words.
A weak or overly strong handshake.
A negative facial expression.
Smile! Greeting an employer with a negative expression will not make you appear likable.
Casting your eyes down for the duration of an interview is something interviewers agree they hate. It wouldn’t be a good idea to continually stare at the person opposite you. However, regular eye contact shows that you are engaged in the conversation and that your self-esteem is high.
| A．Take a moment to compose yourself before going in to interview |
| B．A stable handshake is important |
| C．During the job interview preparation stage |
| D．Take a look at the most common body language mistakes to avoid during your next interview |
| E．Avoiding eye contact |
| F．A handshake often opens and closes an interview |
| G．Interviewer will get annoyed when you show up with a negative expression |
【推荐1】Michelin inspectors，the super secret spies of the restaurant industry，are the anonymous（匿名的）keepers of the famous Michelin star rating. They've been writing anonymous reports of restaurants for over 100 years.
"We say it's a little like the CIA，"said inspector "M" with a laugh. She asked that her identity not be revealed. "My whole life is staying under the radar，staying away from cameras，using fake names，trying to steal in and out of restaurants quietly."
Along with their boss，Jean-Luc Naret，the director of the Michelin Guide，about 90 inspectors around the world decide which restaurants will win the cooking equivalent（等价物）of an Oscar，the Nobel Prize and Mega Millions jackpot（头奖）all at once. The Michelin Guide covers 23 countries，and out of the45，000 rated restaurants，less than 100 have the top rating — only nine American restaurants carry three stars.
If the name "Michelin" brings the tires on your car to mind，you're not too far off. The Michelin rating began in France in 1900 as a marketing trick. The Michelin brothers thought their customers would buy more tires if given a list of hotels and restaurants to explore.
Inspector "M" admitted being an inspector leads to a lonely dining life. " Most of the time we dine alone，"she said. "It gives us the ability to really focus on the food and the atmosphere and capture the entire experience. "To cover their tracks，"M" said sometimes two inspectors will dine together and write two separate papers. It's better than saying "table for one"，right？
"When you're really，really into food and very crazy about food，everything else that's going on around you isn't so important，" she said.
1. The underlined words "under the radar" in Paragraph 2 mean "___________"| A．living in danger |
| B．being the focus of the media |
| C．trying to be unnoticed |
| D．making programs on the radio |
| A．open more hotels and restaurants |
| B．bring more convenience to drivers |
| C．make people familiar with "Michelin" |
| D．make a profit by selling more tires |
| A．cut the expense on the food |
| B．protect their identities |
| C．save trouble by sharing a paper |
| D．talk about the food over the meal |
| A．"M" works for the CIA |
| B．The legend of Michelin brothers |
| C．Michelin inspectors: food industry spies |
| D．Michelin — a giant in tire and restaurant industry |
【推荐2】Few people enjoyed getting shots at the doctor’s office. But many of these shots are important vaccines (疫苗) that help prevent us from getting certain diseases or types of infection.
Vaccines got their start in Europe in the 1720s, when a British woman named Lady Mary Wortley Montagu was visiting Turkey. She saw Turkish doctors purposefully inoculating (接种) people with small amounts of smallpox. Smallpox is a painful, deadly disease that had no cure at the time. But Lady Montagu was amazed that the patients not only recovered, but then proved to be immune (免疫的) to the disease!
Lady Montagu quickly returned to England, excited to share this new procedure. But inoculation took many years to catch on. One problem was that no one had a correct way of inoculating people safely. Occasionally, patients would become fully infected and then begin spreading the disease. However, inoculation eventually saved enough people for it to become the common practice for preventing smallpox.
Some years later, a scientist named Edward Jenner discovered that people who had been infected with a disease called cowpox became resistant to smallpox. Cowpox was less much harmful than smallpox. Jenner convinced doctors to inoculate people with cowpox, which led to a very safe vaccine and far fewer outbreaks of smallpox. Finally, a French scientist named Louis Pasteur realized that Jenner’s idea could be used to treat other diseases. Since then, vaccines have been made for many other diseases, such as polio, tetanus, and rabies.
Today, scientists and doctors continue to create new vaccines that could potentially save millions of lives worldwide.
1. Who used vaccines first ?| A．Edward Jenner. | B．Lady Montagu. |
| C．Turkish doctors. | D．Loui Pasteur. |
| A．Inoculation became common in England. |
| B．Smallpox could be cured by a new medicine. |
| C．Cowpox was widely used to cure smallpox. |
| D．Louis developed vaccines for other diseases. |
| A．The development of vaccine. |
| B．The way vaccines work. |
| C．Three great scientists. |
| D．The importance of vaccines. |
| A．Education. | B．History. |
| C．Health. | D．Nature. |
【推荐3】Today, we have the ability to predict dangerous tornadoes (龙卷风), hurricanes (飓风) winter storms, and floods with more accuracy than ever. We know the areas that are likely to be struck by earthquakes, and the areas that are easily harmed by wildfires, and we can tell hours in advance whether a tsunami (海啸) will hit our shores.
However, in spite of all the capabilities for advance warnings, Americans are still quite poor at preparing for these disasters. In a 2006 poll (民意调查) carried out by TIME Magazine, only 16% percent believed they were “well prepared” for the next one.
A few weeks ago I was listening to NPR (National Public Radio) as I was cooking dinner, and I heard a moving story about a young boy, Noah Stewart, who lived through a tornado that hit his Alabama home.
Noah was sucked up into the tornado and then dropped. He landed on his head first, a fall of such force that, under normal conditions, would have killed him. However, he survived because his mother made a quick decision to put a baseball helmet on his head right before the tornado hit. Noah was unhurt in the storm. But the helmet cracked (破裂) down the middle.
The CDC states that they can’t say whether helmets save lives during a tornado impact (撞击) . However, it still seems wise for anyone in a tornado-prone (可能的) area to keep several helmets at the ready. Any added protection is going to increase your chance of survival, and as Noah’s story clearly shows, helmets can save lives.
You don’t have to buy new helmets—picking up used bicycle, football, or baseball helmets at economical stores and garage sales (旧货市场) can save money and keep your family protected.
However, it’s necessary that you keep these helmets in an easily reachable place; they should not be used for any other purpose, as they may be misplaced. Remember, when a tornado hits, you might only have minute—or even seconds—to find shelter. You don’t want to be running around the house, searching for those helmets.
1. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?| A．Americans are fear of disasters. |
| B．There are many disasters in America. |
| C．Disasters are better predicted in America. |
| D．Most Americans are not well prepared for disasters. |
| A．Because he stayed with his mother. |
| B．Because he was brave in the tornado. |
| C．Because he was well protected by a helmet. |
| D．Because he was quick-minded in emergency. |
| A．Put them at hand. | B．Choose new ones. |
| C．Use professional ones. | D．Save money to buy expensive ones. |
| A．To ask us to prepare for the disasters. | B．To warn us of the tornado impact. |
| C．To advise us to keep helmets handy. | D．To describe the moving story of a boy. |
