English is full of colourful phrases to describe shyness. Someone shy might be called shrinking violet or a wallflower, while for especially nervous types we have the curious expression: they wouldn’t say “boo” to a goose.
None of these are traditionally seen as positive descriptions, even if you like geese. In a culture of go-getting high achievers, shy people don’t come first. Or that’s what the self-help industry would have you believe. Bookshops are filled with vital tomes (大部头书籍) that promise to help beat social fears and find success in life, love and business. That is why one book, Shrinking Violets: A Field Guide to Shyness, bucks the trend. It became a sudden success across English-language media recently for its new take-on shyness.
Author Joe Moran says that despite struggling with shyness and longing for loneliness all his life, being shy can also be “a gift”. Freed from the constant urge to participate and compete in social situations, people are liberated to look at the world in new ways, and gain fresh insights.
Indeed, many of the world’s great thinkers and artists are introverts (内向的人). Scientists Charles Darwin and Albert Einstein preferred their own company; actress Keira Knightley often finds herself tongue-tied at parties; and Harry Potter author J.K. Rowling claims she used to be too nervous to even borrow a pen.
Moran told BBC Future, “I think shyness probably does turn you into an amateur anthropologist (人类学家), really — you are more likely to be an observer.”
So, while extroverts make all the noise, they don’t necessarily have the best ideas.
If you’re shy, you’ve probably known this for a long time. You just don’t shout about it.
1. Why did the author mention many famous shy people?A.To point out the harm shyness brings. |
B.To disconnect shyness and success. |
C.To show the reasons for shyness. |
D.To prove shyness contributes to science. |
A.Opposed. | B.Indifferent. |
C.Supportive. | D.Critical. |
A.praised for his grace |
B.admired for his character |
C.laughed at for his shyness |
D.told off for his nervousness |
A.Goes against the trend and succeeds. |
B.Changes the public idea completely. |
C.Becomes unpopular and unaccepted. |
D.Becomes the major concern of people. |
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【推荐1】I got my first job at 12 as a waitress. It certainly was tiring but interesting. And when Ⅰ went on to college, it paid for tuition and housing and eventually, a camera.
From the moment I picked up a camera, I was attracted. All I wanted to do was take pictures for the university newspaper, the Minnesota Daily. The paper at that time was one of the largest in the state and was produced by young journalists who went on to work at every major magazine in the country. For the final two years, I just wanted to be a photographer. The week I finished college. I was hired by the Worthington Daily Globe.
Jim Vance was the top-notch publisher of the Globe. He had very high expectations of all the staff. With little or no instruction from him, 35 writers and photographers were expected to fill the paper with stories that were important to our readers. It was perfect training for my future career at National Geography.
I was the youngest photographer working for National Geography when I arrived in 1978, and I spent at least a decade just trying not to make mistakes. While I was grateful for the opportunity, it was very difficult for me. With each new task came the fear that this was going to be the one where they figured out that I couldn’t do the job. On many tasks, the most challenging part turned out to be the transportation. Over the years, I traveled by horse, cars train, truck and all sorts of old vehicles. I traveled by mule in Mexico, by ship along the Indian Ocean, by fishing boat in the Sea of Galilee. Wherever I traveled in the world, I wanted my pictures to make a real difference in people’s lives.
I am deeply grateful for the amazing lessons photography has taught me. I’ve learnt that women really do hold up half the sky; that language isn’t always necessary, but touch usually is; that all people are not alike, but they do mostly have the same hopes, and fears.
1. When did the author wish to become a photographer?A.After she graduated from college. |
B.When she was working as a waitress. |
C.As soon as she picked up the camera. |
D.While she was working for the university newspaper. |
A.Inspired | B.Worried. | C.Touched. | D.Disappointed. |
A.Transportation is the most challenging in travelling. |
B.Women and men are not equal in some countries. |
C.People hold different hopes and ideas towards life. |
D.People can still understand each other despite language barriers (障碍). |
A.By making comparisons. | B.By giving examples. |
C.By time. | D.By space. |
【推荐2】There once was a master who went to India. in those times, we didn’t have the communications or airplanes or many kinds of transportation that we do now. So the master went to India on foot. he had never been to India before; perhaps he came from Persia. And when he got there, he saw a lot of fruit. In India they have plenty of fruit to sell, but much of it is expensive because they can’t grow much due to the water situation. So he saw one basket, a big basket of some very red, long fruit. And it was the cheapest in the shop, not expensive at all.
So he went up and asked, ‘How much per kilo?’ And the shopkeeper said, ‘Two rupees.’ Two rupees in India is nothing; it’s like dirt. So he bought a whole kilogram of the fruit and started eating it. But after he ate some of it: Oh, my God! His eyes watered, his mouth watered and burned, his eyes were burning, his head was burning and his face became red. As he coughed and gasped for breath, he jumped up and down, saying, ‘Ah!Ah!Ah!’
But he still continued to eat the fruit! Some people who were looking at him shook their heads and said, ‘You’re crazy, man. Those are chilies! You can’t eat so many; they’re not good for you! People use them as a condiment, but only a little bit to put into food for taste. You can’t just eat them by the handful like that; they’re not fruit!’ So the stupid master said, ‘No, I can’t stop! I paid money for them, and now I’ll eat them. It’s my money!’
And you think that master was stupid, right? Similarly, we sometimes do a lot of things like that. We invest money, time or effort in a relationship, business or job. And even though it’s been a long time, bitter expereince tells us it won’t work, and we know there’s no more hope that things will change in the future - this we definitely know by intuition - we still continue just because we’ve invested money, time, effort and love into it. If so, we’re kaput(故障)in the brain. Just like the man who ate the chilies and suffered so much but couldn’t stop because he didn’t want to waste the money he’d paid. ________________________. That’s better than continuing to lose.
1. After the master went to India, ________.A.he bought much fruit | B.he thought the fruit there was just like dirt |
C.he bought some chilies | D.he ate a lot of fruit |
A.fruit | B.salt | C.vegetable | D.fish |
A.No pains, no gains. |
B.We can’t waste anything. |
C.Where there is a will, there is a way. |
D.So even if you’ve lost something, let it go and move on. |
A.silly | B.thoughtful | C.truthful | D.frightening |
【推荐3】One day, a sage (圣人) visited a nearby town to learn about the conditions of the people living there. The presence of the sage made everybody happy. They led him to the temple located in the heart of their community.
The financial condition of the people was not good due to a reduction in production. The sage realized that everyone had a broken heart. The sage took his seat on the small stage in the courtyard of the temple. People were eager to hear what he was going to say. The sage took out a piece of white paper from his bag. There was a small black dot in the center of the paper. The sage held the piece of paper high so that everyone could have a good look at it. All of them who were present looked at it anxiously.
The sage asked, “What are you seeing?”
A young man answered immediately, “Sir, it is only a black dot!” The sage pointed his finger toward another person and asked, “And what are you seeing?” The middle-aged man gave the same answer. Asking an elderly man, the sage got the same answer.
Hearing the answer, the sage smiled and said. “That means none of you are able to see anything other than the black dot.” Not surprisingly, all there answered loudly, “Yes.” Then, the sage said, “You are not able to see the paper in my hand. But the small dot on that paper is able to attract the attention of all of you.”
The sage continued, “You all missed seeing the paper, even though it was before your eyes. Life is also like that. Ignoring many big things around us, we concentrate on small things like the black dot. If we always pay attention to small and insignificant things, will our life not be restricted? Free your mind. The solutions to all of your problems are hidden inside you. You will get everything you desire if you only think deeply.”
1. Why were people willing to listen to the sage?A.They hoped to get suggestions on improving their living conditions. |
B.The sage was expected to give them comfort for their losses. |
C.They wished the sage to give them some food supplies. |
D.The sage was head of the town. |
A.Patient. | B.Trustworthy. | C.Absurd. | D.Stubborn. |
A.The people could see nothing but the paper. |
B.He was satisfied with the people’s answers. |
C.He always wanted the people to see the black dot. |
D.The people’s answers were the same as what he had expected. |
A.Face troubles with a smile. |
B.The importance of discussion. |
C.Ways of taking a good attitude toward life. |
D.Take things into consideration fully and wholly. |
【推荐1】When your best friends are upset, sad, or disappointed, all you want to do is lift their spirits. Here are some easy ways to cheer them up.
Help your friend clean their room.
Being surrounded by a mess doesn’t do much for your mental state.
Encourage them to talk it out.
Talking is effective. Teenagers usually want someone to talk to when they are stressed.
Practice gratitude.
Thinking about and focusing on the good things in your life can do wonders for lifting your spirits. Help your friend turn their attention to those things.
Staying active can help get depression (抑郁) away. Invite the person to join you in a dance class or anything else they may have mentioned before that they wanted to try out but never have. Fun time with friends is surely helpful.
Do an aimless act of kindness together.
A.Try new things together. |
B.Plan for your future together. |
C.Just be there for them and listen to them. |
D.Together, you can each list all the things you’re grateful for. |
E.Science has shown just being in nature naturally improves one’s mood. |
F.Meanwhile, having a tidy space can help you feel more in control and calmer. |
G.Oftentimes when we do things for other people, we are the ones that benefit. |
【推荐2】Regret is a very real reaction to a disappointing event in your life, a choice you made that can’t be changed, something you said that you can’t take back.
As with other negative emotions, it doesn’t work to avoid, deny or try to destroy regret.
You can help release these feelings of regret by practicing self-compassion (自我同情).This means reminding yourself that you are human, you are doing the best you can and you can learn from past decisions and grow.
Noticing, acknowledging and then forgiving your thoughts are a powerful step towards overcoming regret.
A.Dealing with regret is even more difficult. |
B.Regret is not only unpleasant, but also unhealthy. |
C.There are basically two ways to experience regret. |
D.But regret related to the inaction path is harder to fix. |
E.Seeing the situation in a different way may help reduce regret. |
F.In the long run, these strategies only increase negative feelings. |
G.Showing this compassion to yourself can help you accept and move past the regret. |
【推荐3】Ways to Get Out of a Bad Mood
Practice gratitude and positivity
Practice gratitude as a way to rid your bad mood. Reflect on your day or your week and think about (or better yet, write down) the good things that happened.
Boost your mood by taking exercise
Most people experience an improved mood within five minutes of exercise. The most notable shift that exercise creates is the release of four notable chemicals into your brain: serotonin, dopamine, endorphins and norepinephrine. These chemicals are released into your body and are designed to make you feel happy.
Meditate to relax your body and mind
Meditation is another way to use your amazing body to work with you to help you boost your way out of a bad mood. It makes you stop and face those feelings and relax the tension that they are causing. Meditation can give you a break from your current environment and allow you to experience a mental refresher. To meditate, find a quiet place to sit comfortably. Take slow, deep breaths.
Have a good rest
Studies have shown that even partial sleep loss has a significant effect on mood. University of Pennsylvania researchers found that subjects who were limited only 4.5 hours of sleep a night for one week reported feeling more stressed, angry, sad, and mentally exhausted.
Connect with your support system
This one is incredibly important and often underestimated. When we feel low, we feel disconnected and unvalued by those around us. Reaching out and talking out your bad mood to a trusted friend in your support network really helps you get out of a bad mood.
A.You don't have to start off big. |
B.In fact, they are called the happiness chemicals! |
C.It is a good way to distract you from the bad mood. |
D.Focus on your breathing and on clearing your mind of other thoughts. |
E.Focus on the positive aspects of your life and acknowledge your gratitude. |
F.When the subjects restarted normal sleep, they reported obvious improvement in mood. |
G.It helps us process our feelings, put them into perspective and obtain advice and support. |
【推荐1】It seems that we are one step closer to finding alien life and maybe a future home for humanity. Scientists from NASA have found a new solar system filled with planets that look like the Earth and could even support life.
The group of seven planets, which orbits a star called Trappist-1, is 39 light years away from the Earth in the constellation of Aquarius (水瓶座). And three of them are in the “habitable zone” — the area around a star where water is most likely to be found. This is important because water is necessary for life.
“This is an amazing planetary (行星的) system, not only because we have found so many planets, but because they are all surprisingly similar in size to the Earth”, astronomer Michael Gillon from the University of Liege in Belgium told The Independent.
Trappist-1 is a “dwarf star (矮星)” which is colder and shines dimmer than our sun. If a person were on one of the seven planets, everything would look a lot darker than usual. The amount of light heading toward our eyes would be about 200 times less than we get from the sun, according to The Independent.
Because of that, Trappist-1, together with many other dwarf stars, was never on the list of places where scientists looked for alien life. But Michael Gillon, lead researcher behind the discovery, decided to give dwarf stars a chance. He built a telescope in Chile to observe 60 of the closest dwarf stars, and it turned out that Trappist-1 was worthy of the effort.
The researchers hope that they can spend more time watching the newly found planets to learn more about them. Even though more research is needed before determining whether these planets could really support life, the discovery is still encouraging. It shows just how many Earth-size planets could be out there.
“The discovery gives us a hint that finding a second Earth is not just a matter of if, but when,” NASA scientist Thomas Zurbuchen told The Telegraph.
1. Why is this new planetary system amazing?A.The size of the planets is similar to that of the Earth. |
B.It has the same number of planets as our solar system. |
C.Scientists have found alien life in the new solar system. |
D.The planets are more suitable for humans to live than the Earth. |
A.Stronger. | B.More powerful. | C.Less bright. | D.Less beautiful. |
A.It is impossible to find alien life on the planets of Trappist-1 and other dwarf stars. |
B.Scientists did not find a good place to observe dwarf stars according to the passage. |
C.Trappist-1 and other dwarf stars don’t provide as much heat and light as our sun can. |
D.Scientists have observed dwarf stars, but they failed to find the possibility of survival. |
A.Scientists have found a second Earth. |
B.People will move to another Earth soon. |
C.Scientists are planning to explore another planet. |
D.A new solar system may become home for humans. |
【推荐2】What do Tom Sawyer and Jumping Frogs have in common? Stories about both of them were created by one man: Mark Twain. When Twain was 4, his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, lying on the west bank of the Mississippi. Twain grew up there and was attracted greatly with life along the river — the steamboats, the big wooden boats, and the people who worked on them.
The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County is one of Twain’s best-loved short stories, and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of his most famous novels. Both these works are celebrated by events held during National Tom Sawyer Days. There’s also a fence-painting competition to see who can paint the fastest. The idea for this competition comes from a scene in Tom Sawyer, in which Tom has been told to paint the fence in front of the house he lives in. It’s a beautiful day, and he would rather be doing anything else. As his friends walk by, he persuades them to paint with him for fun, and they all join in the “fun”. By the end of the day, the fence has three coats of paint!
Although the story of Tom Sawyer is not true, it’s based on fact. If you go to Hannibal, you’ll see the white fence, which still stands at Twain’s boyhood home.
1. National Tom Sawyer Days is ______.A.a short story | B.a great novel | C.a celebration | D.a competition |
A.Mark Twain's suggestion | B.a story in Jumping Frog |
C.the life of people in boats | D.a scene in Tom Sawyer |
A.the story of Tom Sawyer is based partly on Twain’s experiences. |
B.the story of Tom Sawyer is based totally on Twain’s imagination |
C.Twain’s old house is painted by the fence painting competitors |
D.Twain’s old house is visited by people from all over the country |
【推荐3】Do you know why different animals or pests (昆虫) have their special colors? Colors in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves.
Some birds like eating locusts (蝗虫), but birds cannot easily catch them. Why? It is because locusts change their colors together with the change of the colors of crops. When crops are green, locusts look green. But as the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color as crops have. Some other pests with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night.
If you study the animal life, you’ll find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves. Bears, lions and other animals move quietly through forests. They cannot be easily seen by hunters (猎人). This is because they have the colors much like the trees.
Have you ever noticed an even stranger act? A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid (液体) when it faces danger. While the liquid spreads over (散开), its enemies (敌人) cannot find it. And it immediately swims away. So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all.
1. From the passage we learn that locusts________.A.are small animals | B.are easily found by birds |
C.are dangerous to their enemies | D.change their colors to protect themselves |
A.They run away quickly. |
B.They have the colors much like their enemies. |
C.They hide themselves by day and appear at night. |
D.They have to move quietly. |
A.Because it is very clever and strong. |
B.Because the liquid it sends out can help it escape. |
C.Because the liquid it sends out can kill its enemies. |
D.Because it swims faster than any other fish. |
A.The Change of Colors for Animals and Pests |
B.Colors of Different Animals and Pests |
C.The Main Use of Colors for Animals and Pests |
D.Some Clever Animals and Pests |