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题型:阅读理解-任务型阅读 难度:0.85 引用次数:64 题号:20167742
任务型阅读

Could you imagine being in a car driven by a computer, not a human? Recently, China has made a big step toward self-driving cars.

Since August, driverless taxis can run on roads in Wuhan, Chongqing and Shenzhen. Self-driving cars bring us many benefits. They use computers to sense the things around them and make better use of space. This means fewer traffic jams and better parking of cars. For disabled or blind people, self-driving cars can also help them get around more easily.

According to US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 1.35 million people are killed on roads around the world every year. Many more are injured. Self-driving cars could reduce road accidents by 90 percent and save governments a lot of money, said the website TechDim. The main cause of car accidents is human mistakes. By using computers, self-driving cars don’t make poor decisions or lose attention like humans do.

But self-driving cars aren’t perfect. If something unexpected on the road happens, self-driving cars can’t react as fast as a human driver could. Also, during weather events like heavy snow, self-driving car s would struggle (费力) to see the lines on the road. It might lead to an accident. The car’s computer system could also get hacked (非法入侵) by someone, causing it to crash or change its destination (目的地).

It’s clear that there is a lot of work to do to make self-driving cars a common and safe sight on our roads.And China is taking the lead in making this happen.

Title     1    
Benefits◆There will be fewer traffic jams with the use of computers in the car.
◆The cars can make good use of the space, and people can park cars easily.
◆The lives of the disabled will be     2    
    3     human, self-driving cars won’t suffer from loss of attention or make poor decisions, so they can also reduce car accidents.
Imperfection(不完美)◆The cars can’t react faster than a human driver if something unexpected on the road happens.
◆The cars would     4     seeing the lines on the road to lead to an accident during the weather events.
◆Getting the car’s computer system hacked will lead to the     5     of car crash and destination change.

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【推荐1】Bike-friendly cities around the world

Cycling is kind to the environment so it is an excellent way to take in the city. Here are 4bike-friendly cities having adopted this green mode of transport to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.


Montréal, Canada

Montréal has already established protected bike paths since the 1980s. BIXI is the city’s bike-sharing system with 9, 600 bikes and almost 800 stations. Cyclists can make their visit to the Tour de L’lle Montreal, a yearly bike ride where cyclists take to the streets for a day without any other vehicles being allowed on the roads.


Malmö, Sweden

Cycling in Malmö is enjoyable due to the relaxed and easy-going manner of most cyclists. The calming atmosphere makes it a great experience, even for nervous riders. A highly recommended bike route is from Ribersborg park to Limhamn Harbour, where riders can take a few good photos of the famous Oresund Bridge.


Beijing, China

In the 1970s, bicycles were the main mode of transportation for people in Beijing. However, dedicated (专用的) cycle paths for cyclists were limited. Only in May 2019, did the city launch its first specific cycle path. This achievement in cycling facility is worth a shout-out for a city with over 21 million people.


Bogota, Colombia

Bogota first introduced the concept of cycle path in 1974. The idea sees cars being banned from city roads every Sunday from 7 a.m.to 2 p.m., helping cyclists, runners and walkers exercise safely. Since then, the city has slowly but steadily expanded the program, including setting up dedicated cycle paths. As a result, Bogota now has 550km of bike paths and is the most bike-friendly city in Latin America.

1. What make(s)Montréal different from other cities?
A.A well-developed bike-sharing system.
B.The oldest protected bike paths.
C.An annual bicycle event.
D.The most calming effect on cyclists.
2. Which city will attract cyclists interested in photography?
A.Beijing.B.Malmö.C.Montréal.D.Bogota.
3. What do Beijing and Bogota have in common?
A.Improvement in cycling facility.
B.Shift in primary means of transportation.
C.Regular investment in building bicycle paths.
D.Multiple specific cycle paths connecting districts.
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【推荐2】Americans drove more miles in 2015 than any year since the U.S. government started keeping records 45 years ago. The U.S. Department of Transportation (USDT) recently reported that Americans drove a record of 3.148 trillion miles last year. In case you are wondering, that is enough to take 337 round trips from Earth to Pluto.

There are a number of reasons why Americans are driving more miles. The social experts agree that the first is the price of gas, which has dropped to the level of the year 2004 in the past year. The American Automobile Association (AAA) said that the average price of gas was just $1.71 a gallon. That could be the lowest price since 2004.

P.J. Sriraj, a director of the Urban Transportation Center at the University of Chicago, notes that the lower cost to fill up a car is just one reason. Another reason is that more Americans are back to work after the 2008 economic recession, and they drive to their jobs.


       Besides, more Americans have to travel a long distance every day between home and the office. There are a lot of Americans who must travel more than 45 miles per day for their jobs. And as for many, there is not enough public transportation.
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In the 1830s London’s authorities had the idea of linking the centre of London with the large train stations which were located farther away.     2     Wooden carriages were powered by steam engine. The system of tracks gradually expanded. By the end of the 19th century most lines used electricity to power the trains.

The London Underground normally operates daily between 5 a. m. and midnight. Some lines stay open throughout the night on special occasions, like New Year’s Eve. London Underground stations can get very crowded during the weekday rush hours.     3    

The well-known symbol of the London Underground, a red circle with a blue bar, was developed at the beginning of the 20th century and has not changed much since then.     4     Many original stations have been restored and look similar to the way they did over a century ago.

    5     Because the water level of the Thames is constantly on the rise, thousands of cubic metres of water must be pumped out of some of the underground stations every day.

Although so many people use the underground every day, the safety record of the system is very good.

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C.That makes it the third longest subway system in the world.
D.Over the decades underground stations have been modernized.
E.Even though the system is so large, trains usually run on time.
F.The London Underground also faces environmental problems.
G.Some of London’s Underground stations have a special architectural value.
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