【推荐3】We are so used to the beauty of trees, plants and flowers that we may even take it for granted without realizing how much inspiration it has given us. For instance, an open flower might make us think how _______ it resembles an umbrella. It’s natural to think in this way, but actually it is the flower that inspires the umbrella.

Nature has inspired many of the most fascinating designs around us, those in architecture included. Today, architects continue to _______ ways to capture the beauty of natural forms, to mimic the way nature _______ or even to make natural organisms part of a building.

People whose interest is exploring the _______ between art and science will enjoy Singapore’s ArtScience Museum. It is _______to resemble a lotus flower whose floor collects rainwater and then recycles it through the plumbing system. Visitors are often _______ to find themselves in an urban building that so _______ captures the beauty of natural form.

Watching a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests inspired Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce to create the Eastgate Centre. The design _______ the need for traditional air conditioning and heating systems, so the building uses less energy and costs _______to run.

The world’s first algae-powered building is in Hamburg, Germany. The ________ of the apartment building is covered in panels containing algae, which capture ________ from the sun and change it into energy that powers the building. Therefore, the building not only ________ its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces ________ to the environment.

Creating buildings such as these enables us to live ________ our environment. To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge, but even the ________organisms can help teach us how to achieve this.

【推荐1】Pope (罗马教皇) Francis wearing a massive, loose and white puffer coat. Elon Musk walking hand-in-hand with rival GM CEO Mary Barra. None of these things actually happened, but such AI-generated _______ did go viral online over the past week.

The situation demonstrates a new online reality: the _______ of a new crop of artificial intelligence tools has made it cheaper and easier than ever to create realistic images, as well as audio and videos. And these images are likely to pop up with increasing frequency on social media.

While these AI tools may enable new means of expressing creativity, the spread of computer-generated media also threatens to further _______ the information ecosystem. That risks _______ the challenges for users, news organizations and social media platforms to tell what’s real. There are also concerns that Al-generated images could be misused.

Images, compared to the Al-generated text, can be _______ powerful in provoking emotions when people view them, said Claire Leibowicz, head of AI and media integrity at the Partnership on AI. That can make it harder for people to slow down and _______ whether what they’re looking at is real or fake. _______, bad guys could eventually attempt to create fake content in quantity in order to confuse Internet users and provoke certain behaviors.

Computer-generated image technology has improved rapidly in recent years, from the photoshopped image of a shark swimming through a flooded highway to the websites that four years ago began mass producing mostly _______ photos of people. But in most cases, the creators of the recent hot images don’t appear to have been ill-intended.

There are _______ by platforms, AI technology companies and industry groups to improve the transparency when a piece of content is generated by a computer. Platforms including Meta’s Facebook and Instagram, Twitter and YouTube have policies restricting or even ________ the sharing of media that could mislead users. But as use of AI-generated technologies grows, even such policies could threaten to ________ user trust. If, for example, a fake image accidentally slipped through a platform’s detection system, it could give people false confidence. Although there’s a detection system that says it’s real, it’s actually not.

Work is also underway on technical solutions that would, ________, watermark an AI-generated image or include a transparent label in an image’s metadata, so anyone viewing it across the Internet would know it was created by a computer. “All these institutions are ________ disclosure and transparency,” Leibowicz said.

A group of tech leaders, including Musk and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak, this week wrote an open letter ________ artificial intelligence labs to stop the training of the most powerful AI systems for at least six months, citing “profound risks to society and humanity.” ________, it’s not clear whether any labs will take such a step. And as the technology rapidly improves and becomes accessible beyond a relatively small group of corporations doing responsible practices, lawmakers may need to get involved.

【推荐2】Jealousy is a motive of immense power. Although you are often ________ aware of being jealous or envious of someone, sometimes the actual reasons for the envy are buried in your unconsciousness and hidden by rationalizations. ________, what you really value in life is more often revealed by asking yourself who you are jealous of rather than asking yourself directly “what do I value.” The ________ often takes into account what society expects you to value and you are aware only of what you should want ________ what you really want. Envy and jealousy, on the other hand, kick in as a gut reaction (直觉反应) in your emotional system long ________ you become conscious of it.

Introspection (反省) which can help one achieve a deeper understanding of emotions is unfashionable in contemporary psychology largely due to the lasting effects of behaviorism. ________ this view, we will argue that introspection can be a valuable source of insights into the internal logic and evolutionary underlying principle of certain complex emotions like envy. Of course, ________ can be rightfully raised against the purely subjective exercise of introspection, which is why it is essential to eventually test these assumptions by using a rigorous scientific approach. But ________ one can have fun speculating (沉思) on possibilities of finding why.

What ________ jealousy, beyond the obvious of someone who is better off? And can the functional logic of the causes be explained in evolutionary terms; i.e., what might be their _______ value? Through introspecting on ________ and through informally surveying friends, students, colleagues, etc., we are trying to come up with a reasonable evolutionary scenario (设想).

Let’s think about envy, too. The whole purpose of envy is to ________ you to act either by independently trying harder (envy) or by coveting (贪求) and stealing what the other has (jealousy). This is why jealousy has a (n) ________ component, but envy is more positive sometimes even being associated with admiration.

In this book, we can show that there is often an evolutionary hidden ________ that drives this human psychological tendency, and makes it comprehensible. Evolution has ________ into you an emotion (jealousy) that is caused by certain very specific “releasers” or social cues, which is largely insensitive to what the other person’s final state of happiness is.

【推荐1】It’s long been known that sugary drinks help people pack on unwanted kilograms. But new research suggests that ______ drinks and even 100% fruit juice might raise your risk for some cancers. The study couldn’t prove cause and effect, but it found that drinking as little as 90-120ml of sugary drinks each day was ______ to an 18% rise in overall risk for cancer.

The new study was led by Mathilde Touvier, research director at the University of Paris. Her team collected data on more than 100,000 French men and women, average age 42, who took part in a national ______.

The participants answered questions about how much of 3,300 different foods and drinks they consumed each day, and were ______ for up to nine years.

The study uncovered links between the consumption of sugary drinks and the risk of cancer______, and for breast cancer specifically. The investigators found no association between sugary drinks and prostate or colon cancers (前列腺或结肠癌), but the authors stressed that too few people in the study developed these cancers to make this finding ______. The research ______ no links between diet sodas (无糖汽水) and cancer, although more study is needed to confirm that, the authors noted.

The connection between sugary drinks and cancer remained the same even after the team ______for age, sex, educational level, family history of cancer, smoking and physical activity, the researchers said.

So, why the ______? According to Touvier’s team, high-calorie drinks may raise cancer risk because sugar helps build body fat, in addition to raising blood sugar levels and inflammation (发炎) — all of which are risk ______ for cancer. It’s also possible that chemicals found in these drinks might play a part in ______ cancer risk, the researchers theorized.

A group representing the drinks industry said sugary drinks can still be a part of the ______ diet, however. In a statement, the American Beverage Association said: “It’s important for people to know that all drinks — either with sugar or without — are ______ to consume as part of a balanced diet. America’s leading drinks companies are working together to support consumers’ efforts to ______ the sugar they consume from our drinks by providing more choices with less sugar or zero sugar, smaller package sizes and clear calorie information right up front.”

Samantha Heller is a senior clinical nutritionist at NYU Langone Medical Center in New York City. She said she wasn’t ______ by the findings. She noted that, for decades, these drinks have been linked with diseases such as heart disease. On the other hand, “most of us should be drinking more water than we do,” Heller said.

【推荐2】Email is one of the Internet’s oldest apps — from the days before we used the word “app” even — and despite its drawbacks, most of us still use it every day.

Typically, the apps we download in 2020 have been _________for mere days or months. We are used to the pang of regret when really useful software suddenly winks out of existence. How has email remained a(n) _________ for nearly years? Yes, it is helpful that email is based on a(n) _________ communications medium that stretches back to some of the first examples of written language. But that isn’t the full story.

First, email managed to survive massive upheavals in the way we use computers. In the early 1970s, when email was born, it was almost _________ a tool for researchers, university students and engineers. You would send, receive and store your email on a work computer. With the _________ of personal computers in the 1980s and 90s, email became something you kept on your own private machines or disks — almost like storing old letters in a shoebox. Now we have come full circle. Most of us store our personal mail in the cloud, which is _________ like storing it on somebody else’s work computer.

It is extremely rare to see apps make the leap from one platform to another like email did. They tend to _________ in the journey from web to mobile, or from one game system to another.

As well as _________ dramatic tech changes, email dealt with another major hurdles — spam (垃圾邮件). In the 1990s and early 2000s, people’s inboxes were _________ with so much junk that it was impossible to find the stuff you wanted. You had to install another program — a spam filter — just to use your email program. But in the age of cloud mail, anti-spam systems have become so good that it is __________ to see one of those quaint old subject lines touting (标榜) “VI@grs@!” or “pron” to get around word filters.

And yet, __________ its heroic triumph over tech obsolescence and spam, email isn’t exactly alluring (吸引人的). We use it mostly for official __________, automated reminders and shopping receipts, along with the occasional bit of personal news. Though email communication is practically instantaneous, it feels __________. Why email when you could text?

Perhaps that is the point. Email isn’t a brand-new way to __________ nor is it juiced up with memes and not takes. But we are still opening G-mail or Hot-mail every day because it works and everybody has it. Under the hood, email uses protocol (数据传递的协议) that keeps trying to send data, over and over, hoping that it can outlast network problems. It doesn’t give up. And somehow, by trying really earnestly, it has __________ the computers where it has born and the spammers who tried to defeat it.