On Feb. 23, an environmental advocacy group “Grassroots” led by students hosted its monthly clothing exchange. The clothing exchange is a free activity on campus where students can donate clothes in exchange for new ones.
“One of the key things about sustainability (可持续性) is to reuse,” Crystal Tynon, Co-president and Clothing Exchange Chair, said. “Instead of throwing away old clothes and buying new clothes, you can donate them and give them a new purpose. You might be done with those clothing items, but someone else might not be.”
According to Tynon, “Grassroots” is hoping to expand the activities to other schools. In order to do so, the team is brainstorming new ways to get the word out about donations, hours and events. Now, the clothing exchange is one of the club’s most well-known activities. “Throughout the semester when people realize we have these exchanges, they genuinely bring clothes and participate a lot more. So it does make a difference to clothing sustainability and it does create a community where everyone can share their clothes,” she added.
As “Grassroots” is an initiative dedicated to sustainability, paper advertisement is not an option. Instead, the center relies mostly on word-of-mouth and e-mail announcements. It is bringing speakers to campus to talk about sustainability and environmental advocacy. It also has partnerships with local organizations such as “the Sunrise Rochester”, working together to have volunteers become more involved in local sustainability.
Chloe Mendoza has been a volunteer since her freshman year. Not only does Mendoza appreciate the intended mission of promoting sustainability, but she also thinks the center has transformed into a safe and accepting community space for all students. Those who have come in looking for something practical often end up leaving with an armful of clothing and a heart full of warmth.
“My favorite part about working there is that we get to help people find things that they need for free. Just providing a place for students to go where there isn’t pressure to spend money is really important. A lot of students love saving, so it’s something that students can relate and engage with easily, so I think it’s a really easy way to get students more involved in sustainability,” says Mendoza.
1. Which of the following best describes Tynon’s feelings about their clothing exchange?| A．Impressive. | B．Innovative. |
| C．Demanding. | D．Rewarding. |
| A．It relies heavily on paper advertisements. |
| B．It cooperates with local institutions. |
| C．It invites speakers to be volunteers. |
| D．It earns instant fame in the community. |
| A．It brings spiritual comfort. | B．It widens the circle of friends. |
| C．It reduces academic pressure. | D．It gives a sense of achievement. |
| A．Saving Up Through Clothing Exchange |
| B．Engaging Students in “Grassroots” Events |
| C．Clothing Exchange Is the Only Way for Sustainability |
| D．Environmental Advocacy — “Grassroots” Catches On |
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【推荐1】In 2012，Kim Stemple，a special—education teacher，found herself in a Boston hospital being treated for one of several diseases she had been diagnosed with. The normally lively Stemple was naturally getting very depressed. And then a friend gave her a medal.
Before she got too sick to exercise，Stemple had been a marathon runner. The medal came from a racing partner who had just finished a half marathon in Las Vegas and hoped the keepsake(纪念品）would act as a kind of replacement of refreshment.
After Stemple hung the medal from her hospital IV pole，other patients said they wanted medals too. That got Stemple thinking. “A medal is a simple way to give a positive message，”she told pilotonline. com. And so was born her charity-We Finish Together，which collects medals from strangers一runners, dancers，swimmers，singers, and even spelling bee winners—and donates them to all sorts of people in need.
Receivers have included hospital patients and homeless people，and old soldiers. Part of the process involves the donor writing a personalized note on the ribbon(丝带）.“This gives them a connection to someone," says Stemple. “If they receive a medal, they know someone cares. ”
A simple medal is really important? Yes,says Joan Musarra, who suffers from a serious illness.“I opened my package containing my new medal and the notes of positive,warm thoughts.I was deeply moved,“she wrote to Stemple.“At that moment,I was sitting on much to me to feel that I am not alone.”
1. Before Stemple was diagnosed with serious diseases, what kind of person is she?| A． A pessimistic person. | B．A warm hearted person. |
| C．An ebullient person. | D．A leader of a charity. |
| A．Medicine. | B．Encouragement. |
| C．Memory. | D．Enjoyment. |
| A．The birth of We Finish Together. |
| B．The healing effects from the medals. |
| C．Support from people in all walks of life. |
| D．People’s desire for sports medals. |
| A．The medal Stemple received is worth a lot of money. |
| B．Kim Slemple recovered from her diseases at last. |
| C．The medal Musarra received made a big difference to her. |
| D．Many patients wanting medals used to be competitors. |
【推荐2】This story starts with my two kids. We were hiking in the Oakland woods when my daughter noticed some plastic litter in a creek. She looked at me and said, "Daddy? That doesn’t go there”.
When she said that, it reminded me of my summer camp. On the morning of that camping day, right before they’d let our anxious parents come through the gates, our camp director would say Quick! Everyone pick up five pieces of litter, "We got one hundred kids each picking up five pieces, and pretty soon, we got a much cleaner camp. So I thought, why not apply that crowdsourced cleanup model to the entire planet? And that was the inspiration for Literati. The goal is to create a litter-free world. Let me show you how it started. I took a picture of a cigarette using Instagram.
Then I took another photo. and another. And at the end of a few days, I had 50 photos on my hone and I had picked up each piece, and I realized that I was keeping a record of the positive impact I was having on the planet. That’s 50 fewer things you might see, or you might step on, or some bird might eat. So I started telling people what I was doing, and they started participating. I realized that Litterati was more than just pretty pictures; we were becoming a community that was collecting data. Each photo tells a story. It tells us who picked up what, a geo-tag tells us where and a time stamp tells us when. Gradually, the community grew.
Litter —it's blending into the back ground of our lives. But what if we brought it to the fore front? What if we understood exactly what was on our streets, our sidewalks and our school yards?
How might we use that data to make a difference?
1. From the text we can tell Litterati is probably_______| A．a hi-tech company | B．a reading software |
| C．a non-profit app | D．a well-known magazine |
| A．Many hands make light work. | B．A good beginning is half done |
| C．Birds of a feather flock together. | D．A candle lights others and consumes itself. |
| A．To present the reasons for so much litter |
| B．To appeal to people to use garbage classification. |
| C．To tell readers what measures to take to handle litter |
| D．To show more statistics about what they have done with litter |
【推荐3】On Varun Medhal’s phone is a picture of 750 pounds (340kg) of groceries — every thing from pies to ground meat — packed tightly into a car. All of it was taken to Mary’s Mission, a shelter for the homeless, last Thanksgiving, he explained.
“To date, we’ve delivered 21,000 pounds of food that would have been wasted,” said Medhal, 18, a high school graduate from Illinois.
Last summer, Medhal started a group called Unseen Cuisine. It collects food that is past its sell-by date from businesses and delivers it to shelters for the homeless. Throughout their senior year, Medhal and eight other students teamed up for three deliveries a week to nearby shelters.
Now those students hope to spread the mission at the universities they are attending in the fall and get more students involved. “The ultimate goal for us … is to end food waste and end hunger, not only in America but hopefully the whole world,” Medhal said, “I know that’s pretty ambitious.”
During a family trip to India in the summer of 2021, Medhal said he was affected by seeing people beg in the streets. That image stayed with him.
But while Medhal and his team have been honored for their work, he said that his team had been most rewarded by their interactions with people who live and work at the shelters.
They said that they had come to a new understanding of their privilege and responsibility toward others. “A lot of people didn’t choose necessarily to be in the position that they’re in. It’s a lot of luck wherever you’re born,” said Nick Motta, 18, one of Medhal’s teammates.
Medhal said he wanted to make Unseen Cuisine a registered nonprofit, which he believed would make the group’s efforts more reliable for people. He has also recruited nine other students to continue the work while he starts university in Illinois.
“To me, it’s pretty amazing that a group of students can make such a difference,” Medhal said. “If we can just keep doing that, I think it will go a long way.”
1. What is the purpose of Unseen Cuisine?| A．To build a shelter for the homeless. | B．To collect and give food for the homeless. |
| C．To call on teenagers to stop food waste. | D．To try his best to help Mary’s Mission. |
| A．The sight of people begging in India inspired him to start Unseen Cuisine. |
| B．The university he is attending in the fall hopes to spread his mission. |
| C．He thinks that people have no choice but accept wherever they’re born. |
| D．He was able to make Unseen Cuisine a registered nonprofit finally. |
| A．Optimistic and knowledgeable. | B．Brave and independent. |
| C．Cooperative and humorous. | D．Responsible and devoted. |
| A．A promising establishment. | B．Young people’s responsibility. |
| C．Food for the homeless. | D．Making a big difference. |
【推荐1】Zo Trisha Prinsloo cares about the beaches of Cape Town, South Africa. She leads cleanups there. She set up a group called Save a Fishie years ago! It has picked up plastic bottles, food containers, and other waste. “My main goal is to constantly remove anything and everything I can off our beaches,” she says, “and to try to prevent litter from being taken out to sea.”
Lately, however, Prinsloo has noticed an increase in a certain kind of plastic waste. It’s from PPE (personal protective equipment). Her group Save a Fishie saw eight different kinds of gloves” during a cleanup. I find masks more and more regularly, too,” she said.
People everywhere are wearing PPE to protect themselves from COVID-19. But when PPE isn’t thrown out the right way, it pollutes the environment and endangers wildlife. Each year, at least 8 million tons of plastic enter the world’s oceans. Now this waste includes more PPE. Last year, the Ocean Conservancy led by its chief scientist George Leonard held its annual International Coastal Cleanup. “We’ve found tens of thousands of PPE waste, and more of it is being put into oceans. PPE waste is a significant threat to oceans,” Leonard said. PPE waste can hurt ocean animals that can eat it or get tangled (缠绕) in it. Sue Schwar manages South Essex Wildlife Hospital in the UK. Her team saved a seagull. Its legs got tangled,” she said. Thankfully, the staff was able to untangle the bird and set it free.
PPE will continue to be common until COVID-19 ends, but there’re steps you can take to reduce its environmental impact. Wear clean reusable masks and deal with them carefully before throwing them into rubbish bins to make sure animals won’t get tangled up. Put used PPE in a bin with a safe lid (盖子). This is important when the bin is outside because masks and gloves can be carried away by the wind.
1. Why did Prinsloo set up Save a Fishie?| A．To clean up the beaches. | B．To offer free PPE to people. |
| C．To stop people producing rubbish. | D．To help fight against COVID-19. |
| A．Ocean animals also need PPE. | B．PPE waste is a growing problem. |
| C．Ocean environment depends on PPE. | D．PPE can help protect people greatly. |
| A．What to do to reduce rubbish. | B．Where to put rubbish bins. |
| C．How to solve the PPE problem. | D．When to wear masks and gloves. |
| A．A biography. | B．A diary. | C．A novel. | D．A magazine. |
【推荐2】Recycling Electronic Waste
When Alex Lin was 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping (丢弃) cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment, getting into crops, animals, water supplies—and people.
Alex was really worried and decided to make it next project for WIN—the Westerly Innovations Network. Alex and six of his friends had formed this organization to help solve community problems two years before.
But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans. They learned how to dispose (处置) of e-waste properly and how it could be recycled. Then, they sent out a survey and found only one in eight knew what e-waste was, let alone how to properly dispose of it.
Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot. The drive lasted two days, and they collected over 9, 500 kilograms of e-waste.
The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-off center for the town. After some research, they’d learned that reusing is the best way to deal with electronic devices and it is seven times more efficient than recycling. So, they began learning to refurbish (翻新) computers themselves and distributed them to students who didn’t have their own. In this way, they could help students in the area and protect the environment at the same time.
For a lasting solution to e-waste, the drop-off center wasn’t enough. Laws would have to be passed. In 2016, WIN helped push for an e-waste bill in their town, which required companies that manufactured or sold electronics to take back e-waste. The bill clearly forbids the dumping of e-waste.
Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste. As Alex says, “Today’s technology should not become tomorrow’s harmful garbage.”
1. What was Alex’s worry after he read the article?| A．The littering of e-waste. | B．The recycling of plastic. |
| C．The change of environment. | D．The overuse of old computers. |
| A．Set up WIN. | B．Collect information. |
| C．Ask friends for help. | D．Carry out a survey. |
| A．Traditional. | B．Competitive. |
| C．Scientific. | D．Convenient. |
| A．There is no end to perfection. |
| B．Success comes through failure. |
| C．Every positive attitude has a reward. |
| D．Young people can make a big difference. |
【推荐3】Todmorden is an ordinary town in England. In less than two years, it has changed the way it produces its food and the way its residents think about the environment. Compared with 18 months ago, a third more townspeople now grow their own vegetables, almost 7 in 10 now buy local produce regularly, and 15 times as many people are keeping chickens. “Our aim is to make our town completely self-sufficient in food production,” said Pam Warburst, who planned the project, Incredible Edible.
The change started 18 months ago. Nick Green, who runs a company that provides workspace for local artists took on the job of doing the planting. He chose the first land in the middle of the town and it attracted plenty of attention. “We wanted everyone to see what we were doing, so they could ask questions and finally join in.” he said.
Incredible Edible was originally funded out of the participants’ (参与者) own pockets. “We were very clear that we didn’t want to look at what grants (拨款) were available and change our projects to suit them,” said Mr. Green. “We felt that what would work was to start with the town and what it needed. We’d look for money later on.” What the project leaders found was that a lot could be achieved with small amounts of cash. And awards and grants have followed.
“The important thing about Incredible Edible is that it involves (影响) everyone in the town and it’s a grass-roots project. I honestly believe it’s a good plan for every neighborhood. What we’re doing here could easily be rolled out anywhere. It’s all about involving people, giving them ownership, letting them realize it can be fun and interesting and that the food is delicious, and giving them space to set up their own ideas and run with them.”
1. Which of the following can best describe Todmorden?| A．It has an artistic atmosphere. | B．It is leading a green lifestyle. |
| C．It produces everything it needs. | D．It is famous for its beautiful scenery. |
| A．Doing the planting. | B．Choosing the land. |
| C．Nick Green’s company. | D．The workspace for artists. |
| A．By raising money from the locals. | B．By winning an award from a competition. |
| C．By collecting money from the participants. | D．By applying for a grant from the government. |
| A．It helps the residents get rich. | B．It provides enough food for the locals. |
| C．It has been achieved by ordinary people. | D．It has a strong effect on reducing pollution. |
【推荐1】The race to 5G is on. All four major US carriers now have some form of 5G wireless, although it’s all limited roll-outs in only a few cities, mostly using expensive phones that won’t support future nationwide 5G networks. We’re tracking the roll-outs monthly on our Race to 5G page.
The early 5G roll-outs are more like a public test than a final product. AT＆T, Verizon, and T-Mobile are all using technologies that only travel about 800 feet from a cell site, which means there isn’t much coverage. All four carriers are waiting for upgrades（升级）to their base stations that will improve coverage, speed, and reliability. Around the end of this year or the beginning of 2020, AT＆T, Verizon, and T-Mobile all intend to launch 5G networks that use the existing 4G spectrum（频谱）, which will have slower speeds but broader coverage.
We’ve tested AT＆T in Dallas and Las Vegas Sprint in Dallas and New York; Verizon in Chicago, New York, and Providence; and T-Mobile in New York. Every month, we’ve been seeing better performance and more new devices. It’s messy. It’s very early days. And if you like new technology, it’s very exciting.
In previous mobile transformations, we’ve seen most of the big changes happening years after the first announcement. Take 4G, for instance. The first 4G phones in the US appeared in 2010. But the sorts of 4G applications that changed our world didn’t appear until later. So following that plan. While we’re getting a little bit of 5G right now, you should expect the big 5G applications to crop up around 2021 or 2022.
5G stands for fifth-generation-cellular（蜂窝状的）wireless, and the initial standards of it were set at the end of 2017. But a set of standards doesn’t mean that all 5G will work the same-or that we even know what applications 5G will enable. There will be slow but responsive 5G, and fast 5G with limited coverage.
1. What is the present state of 5G in the US？| A．Initial exploration. | B．Great improvement. |
| C．Wide application. | D．Extensive promotion. |
| A．To persuade carriers to give up 5G. |
| B．To remind people of 4G’s importance. |
| C．To prove 5G takes time to make a greater difference. |
| D．To show 5G has failed to meet expectations. |
| A．Cautious. | B．Skeptical. |
| C．Opposed. | D．Objective. |
| A．Race to 5G | B．5G is coming |
| C．How fast is 5G？ | D．What is 5G？ |
【推荐2】The giant panda’s special black-and-white fur makes it one of the most recognizable animals on the planet. But why does it have this unique coloring? To hide from natural enemies, both in the snow and in the shadows, study lead author Tim Caro, a professor in the UC (University of California) Davis Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, said in a new statement. Moreover, the large black circles around a panda’s eyes may help other pandas recognize it, the researchers said.
Understanding why the giant panda has such noticeable color has been a long-term problem to solve. To find out the answer, Caro and his colleagues looked at photos of pandas and 195 other carnivore (食肉动物) species, including 39 subspecies of bears. Then, they recorded the coloring on each area of those animals’ bodies, and compared them with areas of the panda’s body. “Compared with the previous studies, the breakthrough in this study was treating each part of the body as an independent area,” Caro said.
The research team tried to figure out the purpose of the dark-colored furry areas. After going through many comparisons, the researchers determined that the white parts of the giant panda help it hide in the snow. In contrast, its black arms and legs help it hide in the shadows, they said. The panda’s white-and-black coloring didn’t appear to be related to temperature regulation. Nor did they find evidence that the dark circles around a panda’s eyes helped to make them look cuter.
“This really was a great effort by our team, finding and scoring thousands of images and scoring more than 10 areas per picture from over 20 possible colors,” study co-author Ted Stankowich, an assistant professor of biology at California State University, Long Beach, said in the statement. “Sometimes it takes hundreds of hours of hard work to answer the simplest question: Why is the panda black and white?”
1. Why did Caro study the photos of pandas and 195 other carnivore species?| A．To record the number of photos. |
| B．To research more carnivore species. |
| C．To figure out the reason behind pandas’ special color. |
| D．To compare the difference between pandas and other carnivore species. |
| A．Doing experiments. | B．Making comparisons. |
| C．Scoring pandas’ behavior in nature. | D．Observing pandas in the wild. |
| A．The white and black parts help pandas to hide. |
| B．The function of the dark-colored areas is unknown. |
| C．The white-and-black coloring will change with temperature. |
| D．The dark circles around pandas’ eyes help make them look cuter. |
| A．The study is a great success. |
| B．Hundreds of hours of hard work is not worthwhile. |
| C．It needs efforts to find the truth behind simple questions. |
| D．Simple issues shouldn’t take scientists so much time to study. |
【推荐3】Informal conversation is an important part of any business relationship. Before you start a discussion, however, make sure you understand which topics are suitable and which are considered taboos (禁忌) in a particular culture. Latin Americans enjoy sharing information about their local history, art and customs. They expect questions about their family and are sure to show pictures of their children. You may feel free to ask similar questions of your Latin American friends. The French think of conversation as an art form, and they enjoy the value of lively discussions as well as disagreements. For them, arguments can be interesting ---- and they can cover pretty much or any topic ---- as long as they occur in a respectful and intelligent manner.
In the United States, business people like to discuss a wide range of topics, including opinions about work, family, hobbies, and politics. In Japan, China, and Korea, however, people are much more private. They do not share much about their thoughts, feelings, or emotions because they feel that doing so might take away the harmonious (和谐的) business relationship they’re trying to build. Middle Easterners are also private about their personal lives and family matters. It is considered rude, for example, to ask a businessman from Saudi Arabia about his wife or children.
As a general rule, it’s best not to talk about politics or religion with your business friends. This can get you into trouble, even in the United States, where people hold different views. In addition, discussing one’s salary is usually considered unsuitable. Sports is typically a friendly subject in most parts of the world, although be careful not to criticize a national sport. Instead, be friendly and praise your host’s team.
1. The author considers politics and religion ________ with business friends.| A．sensitive topics | B．cheerful topics |
| C．rude topics | D．encouraging topics |
| A．it is important to be aware of cultural customs during conversations |
| B．the French consider arguments to be interesting if conducted properly |
| C．Saudi Arabians would like to share the information about their family |
| D．sports is typically considered a friendly topic in most places in the world |
| A．They don’t want to talk with others much. |
| B．They value their good relationship with others. |
| C．They are afraid to argue with their colleagues. |
| D．They want to keep their feelings to themselves. |
| A．Asking Latin Americans about their family. |
| B．Discussing hobbies with American people. |
| C．Arguing with the French respectfully. |
| D．Criticizing your foreign friend’s national sports. |
