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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:58 题号:20215760

①Confucianism (儒家思想) has been followed by Chinese people for more than two thousand years.

②To help people understand how to behave towards others, Confucianism teaches the Five Constants (五常). These are ren, yi, li, zhi and xin. They are general virtues (美德) around the world. The most important two are ren and li.

Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others. Confucius explained ren could best be understood as loving others. He is famous for teaching people “What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.” It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule (treat others as you wish to be treated).

④While the meaning of ren is easy to understand, li is a little harder to express. It can be thought of as duty or even respect. Generally, li is the way we should connect with people in our everyday life. In Confucian writings, discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors (祖先). While ren is mostly about our opinions and feelings, li is about how we express our opinions and feelings towards others and towards the world around us.

⑤Perhaps the most well-known Confucian virtue is xiao. This is the duty children have to their parents. Xiao means loving, respecting, obeying and taking care of one’s parents in their old age. In Confucianism, xiao is important for a harmonious (和谐的) society: Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess.

1. What is the best Chinese translation of the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?
A.博学于文,约之以礼。B.学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。
C.己所不欲,勿施于人。D.君子和而不同,小人同而不和。
2. Which of the following is an example of li?
A.Building a peaceful society.B.Taking care of one’s children.
C.Obeying rules for drinking tea.D.Learning all through one’s life.
3. What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this passage?
A.To tell us about general virtues in Confucianism.
B.To let us know the long history of Confucianism.
C.To show us the new challenges in the development of Confucianism.
D.To explain the golden rules in Confucianism.
4. Which of the following shows the structure of this passage?
A.B.
C.D.

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阅读理解-七选五(约230词) | 适中 (0.65)
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【推荐1】Children’s Games in Ancient China

Unlike the children nowadays, the children during ancient times didn’t have smartphones or computers to entertain themselves.     1    . Let’s take a look.  

Kicking stone balls

During the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in the winter to keep warm. Stones were carved into small balls and kicked along with feet.

Flying kites

Kites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite.     2    . For example, the swallow-shaped kite is a well-known Beijing style.  

Playing hide-and-seek

Hide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. Even nowadays, many children like playing it. There are two ways to play. One way is covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease him.     3    .  

    4    

The closest thing to watching a film or television for entertainment during ancient times was going to see a shadow play. Folk artists manipulate puppets behind the screen, narrating stories and accompanied by music.

Setting off firecrackers

Firecrackers have a history of more than 2, 000 years. It is said that there was a beast named “Nian” in ancient China.     5    . After gunpowder was invented, it gradually replaced the bamboo joint cracker. Crackers are still set off during the Spring Festival to symbolize auspiciousness (吉祥).

A.Watching shadow plays
B.Making a film
C.Each of them has distinctive features
D.Different materials are used to make the kite
E.And to scare off the beast, people burnt bamboo joints to make them blast
F.More commonly, participants hide and one child must try to find them
G.Instead, they came up with interesting games to play in their childhood
2021-03-23更新 | 273次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约380词) | 适中 (0.65)
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国古代青铜文化的发展、特点及其在社会政治生活中的重要地位。

【推荐2】From beautiful bronze (青铜) wine cups to grand bronze ding (food containers), this exhibition features discoveries that will fundamentally change visitors’ understanding of ancient Chinese civilization.

At about the same time that Stonehenge was rising in England, a Bronze Age culture was developing in China that in many respects was seldom equaled and never surpassed. This development seemed to have begun by 1600 BC in the Shang (about 1600 BC — 1046 BC) along the Yellow River. For thousands of years, this area had witnessed cultures of increasing complexity,

which laid the foundation of the Chinese civilization. By the time of the Bronze Age, this culture was characterized by a strong centralized government, urban communities with obvious social classes, a distinctive system of writing, strict religious rituals, diversified art forms, and advanced bronze-producing methods.

Unlike other cultures, where bronze was first used chiefly for tools and weapons, in China, bronze was used to make vessels (容器) that played central roles in official ceremonies and ancestor worship for more than 1,000 years, even after the official beginnings of the Iron Age in 400 BC. Possession of bronze vessels thus became a symbol for the holding of power and rulers used bronze cups and food containers to present offerings of food and wine to royal ancestors and gods.

During Shang times, wine played a major part in such ceremonies, and containers for wine therefore far outnumbered other types. Then, the Shang were criticized for too much wine drinking by its enemy, the Zhou, who felt that the drinking had offended Heaven and given the Zhou the right to overthrow the Shang. Safeguarding its own dynasty, the Zhou replaced the wine vessels with more practical cooking and storage tools.

After the Shang period, bronze vessels became more important as expressions of personal status than as vehicles for official ceremonies. This is evident from the changing content of bronze inscriptions. Carved into the surface of a vessel, these writings first appeared during the late Shang period as an identification of the vessel’s owner or of the ancestor to whom it was dedicated. During the Western Zhou period, inscriptions became increasingly common and lengthier, praising the achievements of the owners.

1. By the time Stonehenge was rising in England, ________.
A.the Chinese had yet to invent their writing system
B.China was still relatively backward in many respects
C.China had already had a strong centralized government
D.social classes just started to emerge in the Chinese cities
2. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A.The main applications of bronze in China.
B.The complex official ceremonies in China.
C.The significance of the discovery of bronze.
D.The differences between China and other countries.
3. Which of the following most probably belongs to the Zhou?
A.Huge bronze ding with short religious texts.
B.Bronze vessels showing the kings’ achievements.
C.An unearthed temple with lots of bronze wine cups.
D.An ancient kitchen with lots of bronze cooking pots.
4. From which is the text most probably taken?
A.A science report.B.An exhibit brochure.
C.A history textbook.D.A research paper.
昨日更新 | 8次组卷
阅读理解-七选五(约160词) | 适中 (0.65)

【推荐3】Chinese New Year, also called Lunar New Year or the Chinese Spring Festival, holds the most significant position among all Chinese festivals and holidays.     1    , there are many things you can do to join the festivities(庆祝活动)and to pay respects to Chinese traditions.

    2    . If you have traditional Chinese clothing, this is the perfect time to wear it.

Outfits can be purchased in Chinatown, including beautiful silk clothing. Connected with joy, happiness, good luck, wealth and good fortune, red clothes will ensure that you're fully participating in the spirit of the celebrations.

Clean your home. This tradition is founded in the belief that cleaning the house at this time of the year will “sweep away the bad luck” that has accumulated(积聚)inside over the past year.     3    

Give gifts of money in red envelopes. Adults give lucky envelopes of money to children during this holiday.    4    .

Watch a parade on television or online.     5    . In China, the national China Central Television broadcaster (CCTV) attracts hundreds of millions of viewers with its annual Spring Festival Gala(春节联欢晚会).

A.In the United States, large parades are often broadcast on local or regional television
B.If you want to participate in the celebrations
C.Sometimes they are given to employees or friends as well.
D.If you happen to know a Chinese friend
E.Dress for the occasion
F.Cleaning also makes the house ready for the good luck to start entering again.
G.Learn about Chinese cooking and food traditions.
2020-09-23更新 | 131次组卷
共计 平均难度:一般