Next time you are struggling with the crossword, try putting the kettle on. Drinking a cup of tea can improve creativity, a study suggests.
Researchers gave participants either tea or water and then asked them to complete a word association game, which was used to measure a form of creativity known as convergent thinking (聚合思维).
In the game, the participants were given sets of words such as “same, tennis, head” and asked to find a meaningful link between them. After analyzing the results in a way that ruled out the potential effects of a person’s intelligence and language ability, the researchers found those who drank the tea performed significantly better in the word association game. The tea drinkers scored an average of 13.89 in the game compared with 12.94 for water drinkers.
The researchers said it was not clear why tea has this beneficial effect. Tea contains special components, which can improve attention, but the participants in the study drank only a small amount of tea — 90 ml, on average — and carried out the tests very soon after consuming it, meaning any effect would have been ignored. This result showed the tea drinking event itself — rather than the biological components of tea — played a positive role, the researchers said.
Previous research has found that people tend to associate tea drinking with a specific set of personality traits(特征), such as smart, creative, elegant, confident, and stable. It may be that when participants are stimulated (刺激) by tea, the mental representation of a tea drinker is also activated, and they unconsciously think that they should be smarter and more creative.
1. What did the participants have to do in the study?A.Pair the words with each other. |
B.Guess the meaning of the words. |
C.Find a connection between the words. |
D.Tell the differences among the words. |
A.The participant’s intelligence. |
B.The action of drinking tea itself. |
C.The participant’s language ability. |
D.The biological components of tea. |
A.Drinking tea makes people more active. |
B.Drinking tea is popular among the youth. |
C.People tend to drink tea more than before. |
D.People drinking tea are often thought smart. |
A.Drinking Tea Is Good for Health |
B.Drinking Tea Is A Popular Trend |
C.Drinking Tea Makes for Creativity |
D.Drinking Tea Matters A Lot in Life |
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【推荐1】Most drinks stating that they are fruit-flavored contain no fruit at all, while most of the rest contain only a small quantity of fruit, according to a study carried by the British Food Commission.
“Shoppers need to check the labels before buying drinks, though sometimes the actual content can be non-existent,” said Food Commission spokesperson Ian Tokelove. “Food production is highly competitive.
A.The products which contain real fruit are popular with people. |
B.In addition, products advertised as more natural often contained no fruit. |
C.They found that about 60 percent of them didn’t contain any fruit at all. |
D.If companies can cut their costs by using flavoring, they are likely to do so. |
E.It is important and necessary to demand a small amount of flavoring in the products. |
F.Actually the product contains just a tiny percentage of strawberry or even no fruit at all. |
G.The Food Commission suggested all flavors used in a product should be listed on the packaging. |
【推荐2】How to make a perfect cup of tea?
A.If so, then England must be one of the most civilized countries in the world. |
B.Nevertheless, Chinese and English tea drinking practices are very different. |
C.A Chinese visitor may be surprised at the wide variety of teas in British supermarket. |
D.But according to British scientists, it’s better to add milk first. |
E.Most British people don’t like tea. |
F.It’s a question that has kept the English busy for centuries. |
G.Exactly how you add milk to tea is a fiercely debated topic in England. |
【推荐3】Chicken is the number one food that causes food poisoning (中毒). So it makes sense that people want to know how to tell if chicken is bad.
Check the date. Checking the date is the first step to see if raw (生的) chicken is safe to eat. If the printed date passed, the quality of the meat isn’t that great, although it’s still usable.
Cooked chicken lasts three to four days in the refrigerator. If you’re unsure, use your senses again to check if cooked chicken is bad. Meat whose color has changed is one of the things that food poisoning experts never eat.
Remember, how to tell if chicken is bad comes down to color, touch, and smell.
A.Use your senses |
B.If you’re still in the store |
C.You also have to know about raw chicken |
D.Here’s advice on how to tell if chicken has gone bad |
E.If one or more of these things seem to have a problem |
F.Since you can tell whether cooked chicken is bad or not |
G.People should cook raw chicken within one or two days of the date on the package |
【推荐1】The release of OpenAI’s Sora text-to-video AI tool last month was met with a mix of worries and excitement from researchers who are concerned about misuse of the technology. The California-based company showcased Sora’s ability to create photorealistic (超级现实主义的) videos from a few short text prompts (提示词), with examples including clips of a woman walking down a neon-lit (霓虹灯闪烁的) street in Tokyo and a dog jumping between two windowsills.
Tracy Harwood, a digital-culture specialist at De Montfort University in Leicester, UK, says she is “shocked” by the speed at which text-to-video artificial intelligence (AI) has developed. A year ago, people were laughing at an AI-produced video of the US actor Will Smith eating spaghetti. Now some researchers are worried that the technology could upend global politics in 2024.
OpenAI, which also developed ChatGPT and the text-to-image technology DALL·E, first released Sora on 15 February, announcing that it was making the technology “available to red teamers to assess critical areas for harms or risks”. Red teaming’ refers to the process of conducting simulated attacks (模拟攻击) or exploration of a technology to see how it would cope with criminal activity, such as the creation of misinformation and hateful content, in the real world.
Sora isn’t the first example of text-to-video technology; others include Gen-2, produced by Runway in New York City and released last year, and the Google-led Lumiere, announced in January. Harwood says she has been “underwhelmed” by some of these other products. “They are becoming more and more ordinary in what they present to you,” she says, adding that the programs require very specific prompts to get them to produce compelling (引人入胜的,可信的) content.
Misinformation is a major challenge for these text-to-video technologies, Harwood adds. “We’re going to very quickly reach a point in which we are flooded with a barrage of (一连串) really compelling-looking information. That’s really worrying.”
1. Why did some researchers worry about the the release of Sora?A.Because the videos Sora creates will be untrue. |
B.Because Sora needs many prompts to create videos. |
C.Because they are worried about the misuse of technology. |
D.Because they don’t have ability to create videos themselves. |
A.Overturn. | B.Update. | C.Overcome. | D.Disturb |
A.Sora is the first example of its kind. |
B.Sora may be helpful in real world. |
C.Sora is flooded with misinformation. |
D.Sora is an ordinary product of its kind. |
A.The release of Sora raised questions. |
B.Sora is a new t hreat to global politics. |
C.Sora becomes a vital tool to create videos. |
D.Misinformation is a major challenge for Sora. |
【推荐2】Spiders are pretty remarkable. They live almost everywhere, from rainforests to deserts. Some even spend most of their lives underwater. They are smarter than you think, with some able to make plans and count. Scientists think they might even dream when they sleep. Yet many people find these eight-legged animals scary. Now, it seems, fake news maybe mostly to blame.
Media reports about people’s encounters with spiders tend to be full of falsehoods, a new study finds. “The vast majority of the spider content out there is about their being scary and hurting people, ”says arachnologist Catherine Scott. In reality, researchers note, “Spiders almost never bite people.” In fact, many spiders protect us by eating insects, such as mosquitoes, which spread disease. Even spiders that could pose a threat rarely bite people, Scott says.
For the new study, Scott and their colleagues analyzed more than 5,000 online newspaper stories about humans and spiders. Each had been published between 2010 and 2020. They came from 81 countries and were written in 40 languages. The researchers didn’t just find errors in the stories. More than four in ten, articles had overblown the spiders’ behaviors and often used sensational words like killers and nightmares to describe them.
If people knew the truth about spiders, they would spend less time blaming them for bites caused by other animals, Scott argues. People might also be less likely to kill spiders with pesticides that are poisonous to other species including humans. Clearing spiders’ name would be good for them, too. Say, for instance, the ones in your house that don’t get squashed (压扁) out of fear.
Improving spiders’ public image could even boost conservation efforts in general. “Spiders are kind of unique in that they seem to be really good at grabbing people’s attention,” says Lisa Taylor, an arachnologist who was not involved in the study. “If that attention is paired with real information about how fascinating they are, then I think spiders are well-suited to serve as tiny ambassadors for wildlife in general.”
1. What probably contributes to spiders’ ill names?A.Scientific studies. | B.Untrue stories. |
C.Their errors. | D.Their ugly looks. |
A.Spiders are smarter than you. | B.Spiders never bite people. |
C.Most spiders spread disease. | D.Spiders protect people in a way. |
A.Spiders are not good at disguising themselves. |
B.Spiders would be better protected if treated rightly. |
C.Public attention is consistent with real information. |
D.Improvement in spiders’ public image makes no sense. |
A.Spiders Unfairly Negative | B.Spiders’ Public Image |
C.Well-suited Ambassadors | D.Spiders Actually Scary |
【推荐3】When people in the U.S. have company or when they're invited to (formal or informal)get-together, they usually make a point of trying to make others feel comfortable and relaxed.On the whole, they tend to be informal. Men shake hands, but usually only when they're introduced. Male friends and business associate who haven't seen each other in a while may shake hands when they say hello. Women usually don't shake hands when being introduced to each other. When a woman and man are introduced, shaking hands is up to the woman. Americans rarely shake hands to say goodbye, except on business occasions. American women are used to being independent. They are used to going to places by themselves, making their own money, and often living alone. Sometimes they will ask men for help, but they usually don't want to be protected. Since the women's movement started, it's not always clear whether women expect men to open doors or help them into their coats. American women may start conversations with men or even ask them to dance.
There are a lot of Americans who don't smoke or drink, and many who don't want people to do those things in their houses. It's always best to ask for permission before you,bring alcohol to a dinner or before you light up a cigarette, if you are with people you don't know very well. Non-smokers have become more militant (好战的) about smoking in public places. Many restaurants, for example, have set up special areas for smokers.
House guests may bring gifts when they come to visit, and they often offer to help in some way. As a guest, you may want to ask your host or hostess if there's anything you can do to help in the kitchen. In many cases, the gesture is more important than actually helping.
1. "…the gesture is more important than actually helping." Here "gesture" means_________.A.态度 | B.话题 | C.姿态 | D.言行 |
A.men seldom shake hands | B.women often shake hands |
C.a woman decides if she will shake hands with a man | D.a man decides if he will shake hands with a woman |
A.How to visit an American family | B.When American women's movement started |
C.American women are independent | D.Non-smokers hate smoking in public places. |
A.None of Americans want people to smoke or drink in their houses |
B.Many Americans don’t smoke or drink |
C.Many special areas for smokers have been set up in the US |
D.It’s best to ask before you smoke in America |