What comes to your mind when you think of kung fu? Maybe the image of Shaolin monks (和尚) posing with a serious look in their eyes. But does it really present the meaning of kung fu?
Laurence J. Brahm, a filmmaker from the United States, explored (探索) this question in Searching for Kung Fu (《寻找功夫》). In the movie, Brahm traveled to cities in China and the US in search of the value of kung fu.
Brahm himself is a kung fu lover who has been practicing the art for more than 40 years. For him, it is more than a pastime. Ages ago, Brahm was unable to use one of his legs for two years and had to walk with a cane (拐杖). But by practicing martial arts (武术), he was able to recover step by step. Now, kung fu has become a daily activity for him and also the way he begins the day.
Still, there are other deep meanings in the practice. Nonviolence is one value, which is shown both in the name and practice of kung fu. The Chinese character Wu has two parts—ge, meaning “to fight”, and zhi, meaning “to stop”. So, the meaning of kung fu in Chinese is the art of stopping fighting, the art of nonviolence. Kung fu artists always greet people with baoquan. This lets each person know that there are no hidden weapons (隐藏的武器) and shows trust.
“The traditional values of kung fu, actually, are in the minds of all Chinese people,” Brahm told Xinhua.
1. What does Brahm think of kung fu?A.It’s just a way to kill time. | B.It’s bad for the performer’s legs. |
C.It’s a way to stay healthy. | D.It’s the best way to greet people. |
A.To fight bravely. | B.To stop fighting. |
C.To greet people actively. | D.To use weapons secretly. |
A.To present the value of kung fu. |
B.To introduce a movie. |
C.To prove the popularity of kung fu. |
D.To show the kindness of Chinese people. |
A.Strong-minded. | B.Friendly. | C.Generous. | D.Confident. |
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【推荐1】The “three ox spirit” (三牛精神) first appeared in President Xi Jinping’s speech at a New Year’s gathering last December. The ox is a symbol of diligence (勤劳), progress and strength. On Feb 18, the first working day of the new year, Hua Chunying, Foreign Ministry spokeswoman, explained it on the social media to encourage people with the “three ox spirit”—the serving-the-people ox, the pioneering ox, the persisting ox.
Centuries ago, most people earned their living through farming. The ox was used to help in the field and carry heavy goods.
The ox has played an important place in Chinese culture. Ancient Chinese poets and writers often described the ox in literature. In the Classic of Poetry, the oldest collection of Chinese poetry, the animal was mentioned in nine out of the 305 pieces.
Oxen seldom bully (欺负) the weak or fear the strong. They work hard and make sacrifices (牺牲). A poem by Lu Xun (1881-1936) — “Fierce-browed, I coolly defy a thousand pointing fingers; Head bowed, like a willing ox I serve the children (横眉冷对千夫指,俯首甘为孺子牛)” fully expresses the poet’s love to our country and the people.
So naturally, those who were born in the Year of the Ox are often expected to be hardworking and dependable. “They never want to be the center of attention or look for praise,” the website China Highlights noted.
1. When was the “three ox spirit” first appeared?A.2018. | B.2019. | C.2020. | D.2021. |
A.The progressing ox. | B.The serving-the-people ox. |
C.The pioneering ox. | D.The persisting ox. |
A.Because the ox is weak. | B.Because the ox is loving. |
C.Because the ox is helpful. | D.Because the ox is proud. |
A.They always want to look for praise. | B.They want to be the center of attention. |
C.They are hardworking and dependable. | D.They bully the weak and fear the strong. |
【推荐2】Row after row they marched — thousands of larger-than-life figures frozen in clay, a phalanx(方阵) of officials defending the tomb of China’s first emperor. Silently they guarded beneath the soil for 2,200 years, until a farmer digging a well in 1974 found broken pieces of unparalleled significance near China’s early capital city, Xianyang.
Now those fierce warriors have reached the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts(VMFA) to tell their extraordinary story. The exhibition will be on display at VMFA from Saturday, November 18, 2017 through March 11, 2018 before traveling to the Cincinnati Art Museum. Ten of the clay figures will stand with a total of 130 objects from 14 museums and archaeological institutes in China’s Shaanxi Province, where the current city of Xi’an is located. Forty of the objects have never left China before. Beyond the life-size clay figures, the exhibit brings perspective with objects that range from bronze spearheads found in the emperor’s tomb to a small gold tiger that pre-dated him by more than 250 years.
The fascination draws lots of visitors wherever the terracotta figures have traveled. The National Geographic Museum in Washington had a record-setting 280,000 people at its four-month exhibit of 15 figures in 2009—2010. Chicago’s Field Museum attracted 460,000 to its 10-month exhibit that ended in January.
At the same time with the VMFA exhibit, Philadelphia’s Franklin Institute will have a terracotta warriors exhibit that focuses on the science and technology that went into their creation. VMFA focuses on why they were created and how they fit into China’s long sweep of history. Each institution has 10 life-size terracotta figures on display, giving an unprecedented(空前的) opportunity to study them in depth.
The VMFA exhibition is divided into three sections. The first one introduces the emperor; the second puts him in context with artifacts from the warring states; the third shows his journey into the afterlife.
1. According to Paragraph 2, some of the items on display .A.have not gone abroad | B.have just been discovered |
C.are from museums all over China | D.were earlier than China’s first emperor |
A.2. | B.3. | C.4. | D.5. |
A.Attractive. | B.Aggressive. | C.Professional. | D.Conservative. |
A.Terracotta Warriors of China | B.The Exhibit of China’s First Emperor |
C.Terracotta Warriors Exhibits in the US | D.New Discoveries in Terracotta Warriors |
【推荐3】Another Winter Olympic Games officially came to a close, which means another closing ceremony was held. In each ceremony, there were moments of entertainment, celebration and reflection.
The “Moment of Remembrance” is a very important part of the closing ceremony, and for this year, the theme “A Willow Twig” presents the segment with Chinese characteristics.
The willow twig is a part of the willow tree, and in Chinese, the character for the willow tree is a homophone of the character liu, which means asking a person to stay when bidding farewell. Thus it symbolizes the sorrow of separation.
In ancient days,when two friends part, the traveling party will always receive a willow twig as a gift. The athletes were met with success, disappointments and historic memories, but it was time to depart. For the closing ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics, it was only fitting that the willow twig would be incorporated into the ceremony as the athletes depart to their respective countries.
The performers beautifully interacted with a LED floor to show imagery of the willow one that showed the emotional symbolism of “a bittersweet goodbye”. The theme of “one world, one family” continued to be evident through the Games as 365 different individuals all held a willow branch that represented “the unwavering spirit of remembering the departed through the 365 days of a year”.
The stage then turned into a beautiful shade of green, which was a symbol of the shifting of past negativity into the blossoming of a new day.
The return of spring focuses on moving forward and the positives in a post-pandemic world. It is clear that they hit the right note as the performance will be remembered for a long time to come.
1. What does the underlined word “segment” mean in Paragraph 2?A.Difference. | B.Part. | C.Role. | D.Value. |
A.It is always used as gifts in races. |
B.It can easily be found in all seasons. |
C.It originates from the Chinese character liu. |
D.It stands for great sadness of leaving each other. |
A.They connected the LED floor with the computer. |
B.They decorated the floor with plastic willow branch. |
C.They showed the images of the willow on the stage. |
D.They played the song of the Winter Olympic Games for the audience. |
A.Positive. | B.Indifferent. | C.Doubtful. | D.Negative. |
【推荐1】The boulders (巨石) look generally unremarkable, besides the fact that they stretch up and down the ridge in a curved line. Most people who don’t know their story would probably choose to look at the sweeping view of San Jose below them instead.
The timeworn line of boulder, is part of a system of stone walls, the remains of which stretch along the East Bay Hills all the way from Grimly Peak in Berkeley to where I watched a man tie his shoes at the Sierra Vista Open Space Preserve above East San Jose.
They exist only in sections, and some are better preserved than others — where I found the man, the walls are short and thick and half-sunk into the earth, hut further north at Ed R. Levin County Park in Milpitas, they remain almost perfectly assembled and stand several feet tall.
The first recorded mention of the walls is from an article in the San Francisco Chronicle from 1896. “Half a mile east of Grizzly Peak stand the remains of stone walls which have long baffled the researchers. By whom they were built, when and why is an unsolved mystery,” the article stated. The unnamed author went on to write a generally-accepted theory of the walls that they were constructed by “some long-forgotten race, possibly Aztec”.
Of course, the people who originally inhabited the hills and the land surrounding them are far from forgotten. The Ohlone people thrived in the area for thousands of years until they were largely displaced by European settlers — however, there’re no records of them constructing stone walls.
“Some of my colleagues have heard the rocks were placed there by Spanish settlers clearing their fields, and there have been speculations that it could have been part of Indigenous practice,” said Charlotte Graham, a spokesperson for the Santa Clara Valley Open Space Authority. “We’ve also heard it could be a natural occurrence.”
However, there isn’t enough evidence on the walls to be entirely certain. A study dated lichen (地衣) on the walls in Berkeley as being from 1851 to 1880, though other sections of the walls haven’t been tested, and there’re few historical accounts on their presence.
1. How may most people never hearing about the boulders react when seeing them?A.Ignore them. | B.Collect them. |
C.Post the photos of them online. | D.Report them to the government. |
A.The one along the East Bay Hills. |
B.The one near Grizzly Peak in Berkeley. |
C.The one at Ed R. Levin County Park in Milpitas. |
D.The one at the Sierra Vista Open Space Preserve. |
A.Prevented. | B.Confused. | C.Annoyed. | D.Inspired. |
A.Functions of stone walls | B.Newly-found boulders |
C.The history of boulders | D.Stories behind mystery walls |
【推荐2】New Zealand will create one of the largest marine protected areas in the world, spanning an area of 620,000 sq km.
The Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary (保护区) will be one of the world’s most significant fully protected ecosystems, the prime minister of New Zealand, John Key, told the UN General Assembly in New York.
The sanctuary is in the South Pacific Ocean, about 1,000 km north-east of New Zealand, and expands a marine reserve that surrounds some small islands. The area is considered important in terms of biodiversity, featuring nearly 35 species of whales and dolphins, 150 types of fish and three of the world’s seven sea turtle species. It is also geologically significant, including the world’s longest chain of underwater volcanoes and the second deepest ocean trench, into 10 km underwater — deeper than Mount Everest’s height. The scale of the sanctuary will dwarf (矮化) any previous New Zealand’s protected area, spanning twice the size of the country’s mainland. It will cover 15% of New Zealand’s economic zone.
Commercial and recreational fishing will be completely banned, as will oil, gas and mineral prospecting (勘探), exploration and mining. Key’s government aims to pass legislation establishing the sanctuary next year.
"The sanctuary is a world-class, unspoiled marine environment and New Zealand is proud to protect it for future generations,"Key said."New Zealanders value our coasts and oceans, which are an important part of our culture, economy and environment and we are committed to managing them sustainably. Creating protected areas will support not only our own fisheries, but those of our Pacific neighbors, adding to New Zealand’s efforts to help grow Pacific economies through the responsible management of their ocean resources."
Nick Smith, New Zealand’s environment minister, said the sanctuary might impose a cost upon the mining industry but that it is important to protect the ocean before exploration takes place."New Zealand needs to use its vast ocean resources for jobs and exports in industries like fishing, aquaculture, minerals and energy, but we also need to set aside special areas where nature comes first and marine life is fully protected,"Smith said.
New Zealand will monitor the area via its navy and satellite technology. The Kermadec region will join three other key areas in the Pacific protected by the US, the UK and Australia.
Matt Rand, director of the Pew Charitable Trusts’ Global Ocean Legacy (遗产) campaign, welcomed Key’s announcement."New Zealand will create the gold standard of conservation areas in the sanctuary, preserving one of the few ly unspoiled areas of ocean on Earth,"he said."This commitment is an exciting step toward meeting global goals to safeguard at least 30% of the ocean through fully protected marine reserves."
1. Why is the Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary important in biodiversity?A.It has a superior geographical location. |
B.It has many different kinds of sea animals. |
C.Its environment is suitable for the growth of marine life. |
D.It is the only unspoiled area of ocean remained on Earth. |
A.People are allowed to fish for fun in the sanctuary. |
B.All Pacific countries should be responsible for ocean resources. |
C.New Zealanders attach great importance to protecting the sanctuary. |
D.New Zealand has made great achievement in creating protected areas. |
A.New Zealand should develop its marine industry in special areas. |
B.The Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary may affect New Zealand’s mining industry. |
C.New Zealand hasn’t figured out how to make full use of its ocean resources. |
D.Measures should be taken immediately to protect the ocean after explorations. |
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passages is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked with A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.
A
As we all know, the Dragon Boat Festival is our country’s traditional festival, but do you know there is also a Dragon Boat Festival in South Korea, which also falls on May 5 of the lunar calendar(阴历)? It has been reported that South Korea will apply to United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO 联合国教科文组织) to make the celebration of the Dragon Boat Festival its own intangible cultural heritage (非物质的文化遗产). If successful, people from other countries may see the Dragon Festival as a Korean creation.
As the birthplace of the yearly event more than 2,000 years ago, China is not happy with the situation. “It would be a shame if another country successfully made a traditional Chinese festival part of its own cultural heritage ahead of China,” said Zhou Heping, deputy(副) culture minister. The Chinese Ministry of Culture is even thinking of making its own application(申请) to UNESCO, covering all traditional Chinese festivals, including the Dragon Boat event. It is thought that the festival is held in memory of the great poet Qu Yuan (340-278 BC), who lived in the State of Chu during the Warring States Period. Qu was known to be a patriot (爱国者) and admired by ordinary people.
He is said to have jumped into Miluo River, because he had lost hope in his country’s future. When people heard about Qu’s death, they sailed up and down the river searching for his body. They also beat the drums to frighten away the fish and threw Zongzi into the water to stop the fish touching Qu. Dragon boat racing is said to come from this search for the poet’s body.
Over the years, the Dragon Boat Festival has spread throughout the world. In Japan and Vietnam, as well as South Korea, the festival has mixed with and become part of the local culture.
1. The Dragon Boat Festival .
A.is also kept by South Korea |
B.comes from South Korea |
C.was created by South Korea |
D.is South Korea’s cultural heritage |
A.Fighting against South Korea. |
B.Telling South Korea it’s not right to do so. |
C.Considering to do the similar thing. |
D.Asking South Korea not to do so. |
A.In memory of Qu Yuan. |
B.In memory of all the patriots of China. |
C.To frighten away the fish. |
D.In honor of QuYuan’s birthday. |
A.feed him |
B.protect his body from going bad |
C.prevent the fish biting his body |
D.attract his soul |
A.a nationwide | B.a worldwide |
C.an Asian | D.a foreign |